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Research essay on Plessy vs. Ferguson
black equality in america
compare and contrast the supreme court case of plessy v. ferguson
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Sociological Perspective: Separate but Equal
African Americans (blacks) give different meaning to the word equal than others. The social product that blacks assigned to the meaning of equal suggest that is has the same value. Plessy v. Ferguson was instrumental in dealing with separate but equal. Plessy believed that separate was not equal. Plessy was a man who was born free and was one-eighth black and seven-eighths white. Just because he was he had a small percentage of black in his blood, he was forced to move from a white only car on the train to the colored car on the East Louisiana Railroad. He was arrested then jailed for civil disobedience. Plessy argued that his 13th and 14th amendments of the United States Constitution were violated. The Plessy case suggested that separate was equal.
Others might think of equal as everyone getting the same treatment amongst one another. Blacks always had lesser education, different water fountains and dirtier bathrooms. There was a “colored only” sign posted outside of the black’s bathroom facilities. Even though they were both public facilities and one had “colored only” on the outside, the assumption was that both facilities would be of equal quality. Blacks saw it as they weren’t getting fair treatment but others saw it as equal just because they had a bathroom period. Just because the blacks had their own bathroom didn’t make the situation equal. Say that the “colored only” bathroom was out of order, there would be no place for them to use the bathroom unless they used the other bathroom. This is significant because the black people had a different meaning of the word equal. People who were not black thought that just because there was a bathroom to be used by bl...
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...ater. As they were approaching the water fountain in front of the diner, they were told that they had to go around back and drink water from a hose. They thought it was equal just because the blacks drank water. It did not matter that the water traveled through a hose rather than traveling through a purified apparatus
This writing should illustrate and demonstrate the meaning that blacks assigned to separate but equal. It is significant to understand that blacks defined equal as being the same, as opposed to others defining equal as the same but separate. The social construction and consequences due to the aforementioned is a reality to blacks. The life experiences of a people are their reality. The consequences of the realities mentioned in this writing assisted in sustaining the black thought of being treated different rather than being treated the same.
Plessy v. Ferguson was the first major inquiry into the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment’s equal-protection clause, which prohibits states from denying equal protection of the laws to any person within their jurisdictions. Although the majority opinion did not contain the phrase separate but equal, it gave constitutional sanction to laws designed to achieve racial segregation by means of separate and supposedly equal public facilities and services for African Americans and whites. It served as a controlling judicial precedent until it was overturned by the ...
Homer Plessy vs. the Honorable John H. Ferguson ignited the spark in our nation that ultimately led to the desegregation of our schools, which is shown in the equality of education that is given to all races across the country today. “The Plessy decision set the precedent that ‘separate’ facilities for blacks and whites were constitutional as long as they were ‘equal’” (“The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow”). The case of Plessy vs. Ferguson not only illuminated the racial inequality within our education system, but also brought to light how the standard of ‘separate but equal’ affected every aspect of African American lives.
Because of the 13th and 14th Amendments freeing slaves and granting equal protection under the law grants Jon the same rights to ride the train as any other citizen. Santa Clara County v. Southern Public Railroad, Even though the case was not about the 14th Amendment, Justice Morrison Remick Waite made it so by arguing that corporations must comply with the 14th Amendment. Santa Clara County v. Southern Public Railroad, 118 U.S. 394 (1886). Plessy v. Ferguson, Homer Plessy sat in a whites-only train car, he was asked to move to the car reserved for blacks, because state law mandated segregation. The court held that segregation is not necessarily unlawful discrimination as long as the races are treated equally. The impact of Plessy was to relegate blacks to second-class citizenship. Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896). However, this is not equal
“There must be the position of superior and inferior” was a statement by Lincoln which formed the basis of discrimination towards black Americans as it highlighted the attitudes of white Americans. Although civil rights for black people eventually improved through the years both socially and politically, it was difficult to change the white American view that black people are inferior to white people as the view was always enforce by the favour of having “the superior position assigned to the white race”.
Plessy v. Ferguson , a very important case of 1896 in which the Supreme Court of the United States upheld the legality of racial segregation. At the time of the ruling, segregation between blacks and whites already existed in most schools, restaurants, and other public facilities in the American South. In the Plessy decision, the Supreme Court ruled that such segregation did not violate the 14th Amendment of the Constitution of the United States. This amendment provides equal protection of the law to all U.S. citizens, regardless of race. The court ruled in Plessy that racial segregation was legal as long as the separate facilities for blacks and whites were “equal.”
According to Jack M. Fletcher Separate but equal is “pertaining to a racial policy, formerly practiced in some parts of the United States, by which black people could be segregated if granted equal opportunities” (17). Separate but equal was a legalized belief in United States constitutional law that defended and allowed racial isolation as not being in violating of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which ensured equivalent protection under the law to all citizens, and other federal civil right laws. Under the policy, government was permitted to assist that facilities, offices, housing, medical care, schooling, work, and transportation
Ferguson trial was a court case about a black man by the name of Homer Adolph Plessy. He was arrested for refusing to not ride in the ‘colored’ railway coach. Plessy had enough of the segregation so he decided to sit up in the white coach. However, it didn’t go well for him and he was arrested. On February 23, 1869, the Louisiana legislature passed a law prohibiting segregation on public transportation. The Government used the term ‘separate but equal’ as an excuse for not letting the blacks sit up with the whites. The supreme court case of Plessy v. Ferguson upheld a ‘separate but equal’ doctrine. “Laws permitting, and even requiring, their separation in places where they are liable to be brought into contract do not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the other. (Plessy v. Ferguson). So the blacks and white were now equal, but they couldn’t be together. The government said that the everything was equal when the school that the black children were in had old textbooks when the white school had new textbooks. The blacks and whites were separate but not so much
Plessy vs Ferguson was a case in which it stated a precedent. In 1892, an African American named Homer Plessy did not give up his seat to a white man("HISTORY OF BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION"). He then got arrested and taken to jail. Plessy than went to the Supreme Court to argue that his Fourteenth Amendment was violated. However, the Supreme Court ruled against Plessy and set the precedent that “separate but equal” is really equal("HISTORY OF BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION") .
“Separate is not equal.” In the case of Plessey vs. Ferguson in 1896 the U.S. Supreme Court said racial segregation didn’t violate the Constitution, so racial segregation became legal. In 1954 the case of Oliver Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka this case proved that separate is not equal. Oliver Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka was revolutionary to the education system, because colored people and Caucasians had segregated schools. The Caucasians received a better education and the colored people argued that they were separate but not equal. This would pave the way for integrated schools and change the education system as we knew it.
In 1896, the Supreme Court was introduced with a case that not only tested both levels of government, state and federal, but also helped further establish a precedent that it was built off of. This court case is commonly known as the case that confirmed the doctrine “separate but equal”. This doctrine is a crucial part of our Constitution and more importantly, our history. This court case involved the analysis of amendments, laws, and divisions of power. Plessy v. Ferguson was a significant court case in U.S history because it was shaped by federalism and precedent, which were two key components that were further established and clarified as a result of the Supreme Court’s final decision.
For instance, relating to the employment, there were two obvious hierarchical differences between the black and the white, and women and men. According to Kimberle (2015), in the late 1970, the employment opportunities for black people and women were still in the straitened circumstance, furthermore, even if there were chances for them, “... the black job were men’s job, and the women’s job were only for whites.” (Kimberle Cranshaw 2015). In other words, there was no opportunity for the black women. In this case, the unjust discriminatory treatment for black women simply resulted from their intersected identities as a “black” and “woman” both were marginalized in the society. In regard to this, however, the important point is that people did not analyze the cause of this situation through considering it from the both racial and sexual sides simultaneously. People ignored the experience of the others, and categorized the black women based on their sex as a “woman”. In other words, people, especially who were in the privileged position, just neglected the subtle “differences” of others, and they stretched the rules to their own advantages. Relating to these “differences”, Audre Lorde (1984: 115) explains that “ But we have no patterns for relating across our human differences as equals. As a result, those differences have been misnamed and misused in the
From the beginnings of US history, African Americans have been marginalized and mistreated. Beginning with the Atlantic Slave trade to what many would argue the present day, Blacks have been considered unequals in society. By the 1950s African Americans had endured centuries of white supremacy, embedded in policy, social code and both intimate and public forms of racial biases and restrictions. Specifically in the years leading up to the movement the social and political order of Jim Crow pushed many over the brink. The famous, “separate but equal” saying was used as a cover up for inherently racist policies. In the late 1800s up into the 1960s, a majority of US states administered discriminatory policies and segregation through "Jim Crow" laws. Examples of these laws existed in Florida, Mississippi, Missouri, New Mexico, and Texas with the prohibition of mixed race schools: “The schools for white children and the schools for negro children shall be conducted separately.” Other Jim Crow laws prohibited intermarriage between blacks and whites, “ The marriage of a person of Caucasian blood with a
Plessy v Ferguson was a landmark case taken to the United States Supreme Court. The ruling of the case was important to the jurisprudence in the United States. Homer Plessy brought the case to the Supreme Court after the Louisiana Supreme Court did not rule in his favor. The 7-1 ruling in 1896 showed the effect of the Jim Crow laws on the two different races in the nation. The Plessy v Ferguson case shaped race relations for years to come. The Supreme Court’s decision put the judicial stamp of approval on segregation and the “separate but equal” doctrine.
People should not be treated differently because of race. It's not fair for African Americans to be looked as with less power because of the color of their skin. However, because of racism, (being unfair to other people because of their skin color) those who are labeled or caged” as ¨less than” are oppressed due to their lack of opportunities. For example, being an African American in the 60ś meant that Maya Angelou was told to go to a school for only black children. Being separated does not mean being treated the same because white schools had way better education than black schools.
Equality and equal opportunity are two terms that have changed or have been redefined over the last 100 years in America. The fathers of our constitution wanted to establish justice and secure liberty for the people of the United States. They wrote about freedom and equality for men, but historically it has not been practiced. In the twentieth century large steps have been made to make the United States practice the ideals declared in the Constitution and Bill of Rights. The major changes following Rosa Park’s refusal to give up her bus seat to a young white man and the Brown v. Board of Education trial in 1954. These Supreme Court rulings altered American society and began the desegregation and integration movements. In the 1950’s many writers took interest in writing about segregation, desegregation, integration and black history in general. Many historians write about segregation still existing today and the problems in which integration never had the chance to correct.