In July 2009, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) listed the budget of the United States Postal Service as “high risk” and recommended oversight from Congress and the Executive Branch. Specifically, the GAO stated that “Amid challenging economic conditions and a changing business environment, USPS is facing a deteriorating financial situation in which it does not expect to cover its expenses and financial obligations in fiscal years 2009 and 2010” (“Restructuring”, 2009, pg. 1). The GAO claimed that the mail volume in 2009 would likely decrease by about 28 billion as compared to 2008 and that the USPS would likely see declining volumes for the next five years (“Restructuring”, 2009, pg. 1). Clearly, the USPS is currently facing a dire financial situation in which major reforms are needed to ensure the long term success of the agency. In this policy review, I will focus specific attention on the Private Express Statutes, which grant the Postal Service a monopoly on first class mail. As I will argue here, the Private Express Statutes should be repealed on economic and historical grounds. The Private Express Statutes should be repealed on economic grounds. In particular, the economic reasons given for maintaining a monopoly on first class mail rest on two principles. First, that the Postal Service must maintain a monopoly in order to fulfill the universal service obligation under which it is legally obligated, and second that the market for mail is a natural monopoly and thus the USPS must be allowed to operate as a monopoly in order to achieve economies of scale. I will examine both of these arguments in an economic light to determine their validity. The postal service does not rely on a monopoly to provide univer... ... middle of paper ... ...onLit. Cohen, R. H. (2003, February 20). Testimony before the President's Commission on the Postal Service. Retrieved January 15, 2010, from http://www.treas.gov/offices/domestic-finance/usps/testimony-docs/Cohen.pdf Geddes, R. (2003). The structure and effect of international postal reform. Retrieved January 23, 2010, from http://www.aei.org/paper/17066 Geddes, R. (2005). Policy watch reform of the U.S. Postal Service [Electronic version]. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(3), 217-232. Restructuring the U.S. Postal Service to achieve sustainable financial viability. (2009, July). Retrieved January 17, 2010, from http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d09937sp.pdf Priest, G. L. (1975). The history of the postal monopoly in the United States. Journal of Law and Economics, 18(1), 33-80. Retrieved January 18, 2010, from JStor.
Frank, Allan D. (1997) “After the UPS Settlement: Who gained, who lost, and what will
Beard, Charles Austin. An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 1998. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost (accessed February 23, 2014
In the political world today there are so many different opinions about several different topics. The topics that I will address to you will be, should the 22nd Amendment be repealed and also should the foreign born be allowed to run for president. In both topics you may have your pros and cons, but I am strongly against the both of them because I feel that the Constitution should not be taken advantage of. Government should not be allowed to manipulate the Constitution to suit his or her needs. While making adjustments to the Constitution to allow different things to take place for convenience doesn’t leave any form respect of the Constitution. There should be a line drawn to keep this from happening for years to come on these issues and others as well. Some will like for the 22nd amendment to repealed to keep who they like in office, but my feeling towards this is give other the opportunity to make our world a better place. There are more than enough qualified people to make a difference for our country no need to stick to one person who eventually will get tired of it anyway. In addition, with the foreign born, this issue came to play all over Schwarzenegger getting backed up by Congress and other governors in California to try to make necessary changes to the Constitution (CNN News, 2004).
...tually break up monopolies when they formed, by specific legislation” (600). They see that the government is letting the business tycoons to own whatever land they want and extend their fortunes. Unlike the first two books, Johnson’s book discussed the history of the book without bias and from a different perception; one that was not came from an American view.
Of particular importance is the deregulation of the telecommunications industry as mentioned in the act (“Implementation of the Telecommunications Act,” NTLA). This reflects a new thinking that service providers should not be limited by artificial and now antique regulatory categories but should be permitted to compete with each other in a robust marketplace that contains many diverse participants. Moreover the Act is evidence of governmental commitment to make sure that all citizens have access to advanced communication services at affordable prices through its “universal service” provisions even as competitive markets for the telecommunications industry expand. Prior to passage of this new Act, U.S. federal and state laws and a judicially established consent decree allowed some competition for certain services, most notably among long distance carriers. Universal service for basic telephony was a national objective, but one developed and shaped through federal and state regulations and case law (“Telecommunications Act of 1996,” Technology Law). The goal of universal service was referred to only in general terms in the Communications Act of 1934, the nation's basic telecommunications statute. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 among other things: (i) opens up competition by local telephone companies, long distance providers, and cable companies ...
It has moved from an exclusive power of the national government to regulate the trade of good and services on an international level to include interstate activities. The nation is growing and new problems are continuing to emerge. The commerce clause has to adjust also, in order to meet the demands of the changing world and its’ needs. The federal government still has the power to regulate interstate commerce. It still remains the reason for the increased federal regulation on the economy. The national economy is growing. It is no surprise to see that areas such as agriculture, finance industry and other services have increased and been included in laws governing these areas
The amount of letters commissioned in America has been steadily decreasing on a daily basis. The majority of citizens are now sending their letters via e-mail or other methods of technology. Postal service companies such as USPS are struggling to keep business thriving. To compete with the technological advances in modern America, USPS should restructure their postal systems by terminating unessential delivery days and strategically limiting postal branches in order to conserve government money.
.... (2012). USPS vs. UPS vs. FedEx: Who’s cheapest? Saving With 6abc. Retrieved Nov 11, 2013, from http://abclocal.go.com/wpvi/story?id=8916342
3. Beard, Charles A. "An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States". American Politics. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston, MA. 1999. (Pages 27 -- 33).
The United States Post Office in our society today is not the one we used to know, the USPS’s demand of paper mail has declined, they cannot flourish in a dwindling economy, and they have cases flowing in complaining of unwanted mail. In June 1788 the Constitution was ratified, in which gave congress the right to establish the Post Office, and post roads, as seen in Article I, Section 8, Clause 7. The Post Office was expanded and continued until a year later in September of 1789 when President George Washington, directed the first Postmaster General, Samuel Osgood (The Constitution and the Post Office). By this time there were seventy-five Post Offices and over 2000 miles post roads in which already existed.
The Postal Service Monopoly In the United States economy most markets can be classified into four different markets structures. But, each and every market in the United States is completely unique from the others. Generally the best type of market structure for the general public is per- fect competition because it creates the lowest possible price for the public.
Whitehouse, Office of Management and Budget (OMB), 1 Jan. 2009. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. .
Baylis, Smith and Patricia Owens. 2014. The 'Standard' of the 'Standard'. The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. London.
Krain, Matthew (2005), “AP Comparative Government and Politics Briefing Paper: Globalization,” [http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/apc/public/repository/ap05_comp_govpol_glob_42253.pdf], accessed 15 May 2012.
FedEx has annual revenues of $20 billion and is the leading global provider of transportation, e-commerce and supply chain management services. FedEx accounts for a large market around the world. It is a fact that FedEx reported an average daily express package volume of 3,167,000 for the fiscal year ended May 2004, with U.S. volume of 2,771,000. Of those U.S. shipments, 1,846,000 (66.6%) were overnight shipments, and 667,000 (24.1%) were overnight letters. Total international daily package volume was 396,000, just 12.5% of all shipments, and FedEx does not break out overnight shipments (www.yahoo.com) (Appendix A)