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genetic engineering human health
The advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering on human being
The advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering on human being
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“There are those who say: 'the First World War was chemical; the Second World War was nuclear; and that the Third World War – God forbid – will be biological.'” (Foley) Throughout these recent years, humans have been fascinated with genetic engineering. The information of these are mostly public, for worse or for better? There is no such thing as just curiosity, some scientists think these as possibilities to save more human lives and possibly even find a cure for leukemia and cancer, nevertheless, there are people that think these as possibilities towards warfare – as biological weapons. Unfortunately, not all humans have good intentions, if terrorists are able to make bioweapons, then just like how Mackenzie Foley says in the article Genetically Engineered Bioweapons: A New Breed of Weapons for Modern Warfare it can turn our world into turmoil. If there are antidotes, there are always the diseases. For example in Animal Model Demonstrates Role for Metabolic Enzyme in Acute Myeloid Leukemia says they have possibly found a way to cleanse a person's body of leukemia cells, but then there is also the possibility that you can find a way to insert leukemia cells in a person's body.
In these recent years, mutations in two metabolic enzymes, known as IDH, have been identified as having 20 percent of all the acute myeloid leukemia. As the result, mutant IDH proteins have been offered as drug targets for this common adult leukemia. A recent group of scientists are using mice as models and they are testing the mutant IDH proteins by feeding them to mice that they had inserted leukemia in. They did this for about eight weeks and when they tested the mice again, they found that there were hardly any traces of leukemia in the mice. They ar...
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...ance the efficacy of bioweapons and they have found six ways to defend against the bioweapons, however; they would need to know the disease first before they can analyze it and find a vaccine or antidote. (Foley)
Advances in these research and experiments in genetic engineering are hardly helping us. Yes, we can possibly find cures to diseases that we never thought to be cured at other organisms' expenses. We benefit from that, but is it worth it. If we continue researching, we will dig up information not just used for finding cures, but also in harmful ways. It is impossible to atop humans from exploring into the world of bioweapons, and these weapons come from genetic engineering. Yes, some of the incurable diseases can kill people, however if bioweapons go into the wrong hands, they can kill even more people. They both from the same source – genetic engineering.
Who were the four key figures who contributed to disenchanting the view of the universe?
Now, there are some wonderful and exciting possibilities when it comes to advances in health and genetics. For example, maybe heart disease will be less common, or someone could find a way to prevent any cancer whatsoever for everyone. " However, scientists now believe that the first person who will live to 150 has already been born and that the eradication of diseases like cancer and influenza are within our reach." With that being said, could it really every be possibly to treat and or care for those 150 people who are already born with those diseases. Now, when you look at the big picture 150 is a big number, but at the same time is not.
Genetic engineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genetic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has always tricked people because they only focused on the negative perspective of genetic engineering and not the positive perspective. In this paper, I will be talking about how Genetic engineering is connected to Brave New World, how the history of genetic engineering impacts the world, how genetic engineering works, how people opinions are influenced, how the side effects can be devastating, how the genetic engineering can be beneficial for the society and also how the ethical issues affect people’s perspective.
Is it possible to eradicate disease entirely? A half-century ago, little was known about how disease was affected by genetics. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the double helix structure of DNA. In the mid 1970’s, ways were developed to determine the order, or sequence, of the chemical letters in DNA. The Human Genome was completely unknown to man until 1990, when the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Department of Energy teamed up with international partners to complete the entire 3 billion base pairs of the Human Genome. The goal of this project was to understand the genetic factors in human disease and to hopefully find ways to diagnose, treat, and prevent disease. The Human Genome project has supported an Ethical, Legal and Social research program to address the many issues that might arise from this study. The Human Genome Project should continue because it has the potential to unlock the cure to countless diseases.
Brave New World is a novel set hundreds of years into our own future. On Earth, the Nine Years War tore the planet apart in the year A.F 178. Eerily, anthrax bombs dropped from the sky killed scores of people, what we in the post 9/11 world fear the most. When the dust settled, mankind banded together to create a new world called the “World State.” Their motto is “Community, Identity, Stability,” and it is all too much present as you will see. This future is a severely different place. To stabilize the populace, mankind has cloned each other by the thousands. Babies are conditioned by a caste system, and everyone grows up to do a specific job. Cold and sterile science replaces religion, individuality, and risk. Everyone is encouraged to pleasure themselves (through promiscuity, recreation and drugs... soma,) but not to have a bad day. This is reminiscent of the “Roaring 20’s” and the “free love” movement of the 1960’s. In this future, to be monogamous, bond, or soul-search would single you out as a loner. Here, “everyone belongs to everyone else.”
Genes are, basically, the blueprints of our body which are passed down from generation to generation. Through the exploration of these inherited materials, scientists have ventured into the recent, and rather controversial, field of genetic engineering. It is described as the "artificial modification of the genetic code of a living organism", and involves the "manipulation and alteration of inborn characteristics" by humans (Lanza). Like many other issues, genetic engineering has sparked a heated debate. Some people believe that it has the potential to become the new "miracle tool" of medicine. To others, this new technology borders on the realm of immorality, and is an omen of the danger to come, and are firmly convinced that this human intervention into nature is unethical, and will bring about the destruction of mankind (Lanza).
One of the most necessary uses of genetic engineering is tackling diseases. As listed above, some of the deadliest diseases in the world that have yet to be conquered could ultimately be wiped out by the use of genetic engineering. Because there are a great deal of genetic mutations people suffer from it is impractical that we will ever be able to get rid of them unless we involve genetic engineering in future generations (pros and cons of genetic eng). The negative aspect to this is the possible chain reaction that can occur from gene alteration. While altering a gene to do one thing, like cure a disease, there is no way of knowing if a different reaction will occur at the cellular or genetic level because of it; causing another problem, possibly worse than the disease they started off with (5 pros and cons of gen. eng.). This technology has such a wide range of unknown, it is simply not safe for society to be condoning to. As well as safety concerns, this can also cause emotional trauma to people putting their hopes into genetic engineering curing their loved ones, when there is a possibility it could result in more damage in the
Genetically modifying human beings has the possibility of greatly reducing/completely eradicating disease and could allow for longer lifespans within the near future. However, there are many issues associated with genetic engineering including being misused for ulterior motives and ethical problems. While there is good that can come from genetic engineering, the many detriments associated with it far outweigh the few positive outcomes. In his novel Brave New World, Aldous Huxley’s idea of genetic modification is far more extreme and unethical than any current real world technologies, but if the technology continues to rapidly grow, Huxley’s future may not be that far off from the truth.
Technology has a significant influence across the world, as it has become a fast growing field. Modern biotechnology has been in the major forefront of this influence. From the discovery of DNA to the cloning of various animals, the study of genetic engineering has changed the way society views life. However, does genetic engineering have the capacity to influence the world to its best abilities? Products, which are genetically engineered, may cause severe negative effects on our society. This industry, carrying the potential of leading us toward the unnatural selection of humans to possibly environmental disasters will put humankind in peril. Society, along with humankind, will be in jeopardy since to genetic engineering has the potential of being disastrous.
Genetic engineering gives the power to change many aspects of nature and could result in a lot of life-saving and preventative treatments. Today, scientists have a greater understanding of genetics and its role in living organisms. However, if this power is misused, the damage could be very great. Therefore, although genetic engineering is a field that should be explored, it needs to be strictly regulated and tested before being put into widespread use. Genetic engineering has also, opened the door way to biological solutions for world problems, as well as aid for body malfunctions. I think that scientists should indeed stop making genetic engineering for humans, because it will soon prove to be devastating to the human race. It would cause rivalries and tension among different kinds of genetically engineered humans for dominance and power.
With all factors put into place the potential benefits of perfecting human genetic engineering far outweigh the negatives. A world with genetic engineering is a world that would be advantageous to all who undergo the procedure to positively modify their DNA. A genetically engineered human race will be able to have defeated all genetic mutations and diseases, rid humans of possible illnesses in young and unborn children, create drastically longer lifespans, and provide generations with a high quality of life. Human genetic engineering has progressed more rapidly than projected; according to Stephen Hawking, when human genetic engineering is consummated he hypothesizes, “With genetic engineering, we will be able to increase the complexity of our DNA, and improve the human race. But it will be a slow process, because one will have to wait about 18 years to see the effect of changes to the genetic code.”(Hawking). The advancements that genetic engineering will provide for the human race is incredible and we will soon benefit from science and technology more than ever
The benefits of human genetic engineering outweigh the risks by providing mankind with cures to multiple deadly diseases. Human genetic engineering has the capability to transmit usually fatal diseases. Although transmission is highly unlikely, it is one of the risk factors scientists have taken into great consideration. If animal cells or organs are transplanted into humans, zoonotic diseases may be spread. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses, and Nipah Encephalitis are all potentially fatal zoonotic diseases that could be transmitted (Glenn).
Before we begin to delve into the ethical depths of biotechnology and genetic engineering, we must first understand how this technology works. To do this let’s start by discussing cells. All organisms are made up of microscopic entities called cells. The human body consists of about ten trillion cells of about two hundred different types, such as skin cells, blood cells, and muscle cells. To gain a general understanding of how cells work, we will look at some of the simplest cells possible- bacteria cells. Once we have an understanding of how bacteria work, it is not hard to see how cells function in other organisms.
New technologies are making bioterrorists better equipped and making research and development easier. Genetic engineering is the first example of how a bioweapon could be easily made for mass destruction. A virus such as Ebola Zaire – a virus with up to a 90% death rate – could be engineered to have an easier way of transmission. The small change, a change in only a few genes, could potentially destroy most, if not all, life on earth. If Ebola Zaire was engineered to have the same way of spreading as Ebola Reston, which spreads through the air (Preston 336), it could reach death tolls that have only lived in fiction.
...ring deadly diseases and preventing abortions. In order for gene therapy to one day become effective much more research needs to be done to discover the consequences of altering specific genes. Also the technology of gene therapy needs to be cost effective so people who need help are able to get help. In the end gene therapy in humans needs to come a long ways before it will be widely accepted but there is great potential in the technology and it needs to be pursued.