Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Causes of the Salem Witchcraft Hysteria
Puritans/salem witch trials
Puritans/salem witch trials
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Causes of the Salem Witchcraft Hysteria
While researching texts written about the Salem Witch Trials, I found a few authors who published articles and books about the Salem Witch Trials. These authors often showed that the most likely cause of the fits coming from the victims was produced by ergot of rye. However, I could not find much discussion about another important source of the fits’ cause: witchcraft. My goal in this paper is to produce a convincing argument that the victims during the Salem Witch Trials that experienced strange behaviors came from ergot of rye rather than witchcraft.
To achieve this goal, I have organized my paper into four main sections. In the first section, I provide an account of what happened during the 17th century Salem Witch Trials. In the second section, I explain what happens during the existence of ergot of rye in a human and the effects it has on people. The third section includes an explanation of what community rye was during the Salem Witch era and what it did to each victim. The fourth section concludes the paper.
About the Salem Witch Trials Victims
The Salem Witch Trials occurred from 1692 to 1693. When two girls, aged 9 and 11, started having strange and peculiar fits, the Puritans believed that the cause of these actions was the work of the devil. The children accused three women of afflicting them: Tituba, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborne. Tituba was a Caribbean slave owned by the Parris family. Sarah Good was a homeless woman. Sarah Osborne was a poor elderly woman. Sarah Osborne and Sarah Good pleaded innocent. Tituba admitted, “The Devil came to me and bid me serve him.” She described seeing red cats, yellow birds, black dogs, and a black man who asked her to sign his “book”. She confessed to signing the book. All three wo...
... middle of paper ...
...an. 2014.
.
"Bad Rye and the Salem Witches."
• Damn Interesting.
N.p., n.d. Web.
18 Feb. 2014.
.
"No. 1037: Rye Ergot and Witches."
No. 1037: Rye Ergot and Witches.
N.p., n.d. Web.
18 Feb. 2014.
.
"Ergot of Rye: History."
Ergot of Rye: History.
N.p., n.d. Web.
18 Feb. 2014.
.
"Were The Salem Witch Trials Spurred By Food Poisoning?."
GreenMedInfo.
N.p., n.d. Web.
18 Feb. 2014. .
"Salem Witch Trials: The Fungus Theory."
Neatorama.
N.p., n.d. Web.
18 Feb. 2014. .
A group of young girls in Salem, Massachusetts, claimed to be possessed by the devil and accused several local women of witchcraft. The women were the main targets of this for women at the time had little voice and if a man said that a woman was possessed then that woman was. Another instance of discrimination was at Tituba, Abby had blamed her because she knew no one would believe Tituba for she was black and a slave so if she didnt go with what Abby said no one would believe her and she would be hung. Then there was the rich against the poor aspect the wealthy landowners would have their daughters accuse neighbors of demon worship so that they could acquire the
Salem Possessed: The Social Origins of Witchcraft is a concise, 231 page informational text by Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum. Published in 1974, it explores the economic and social conditions present in the Salem village during the 1600s that led to the hysteria surrounding witchcraft. Multiple graphs and illustrations are present, as well as an average sized font, an abundance of footnotes typically on the left page, and a prominent voice from the authors. The book was written to serve as a more comprehensive informational piece on the Salem witch trials due to the authors finding other pieces written about the same topic to be inaccurate. Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum wanted to create something that utilized
In Salem Massachusetts, during the summer of 1692 a tragedy occurred that continues to mystify our country. The Salem witchcraft hysteria leaves us with many questions as to what really happened in this small Puritan town. Starting with a small group of young girls trying to read the messages of the future in egg whites, ended with around 19 deaths and over 100 innocent people found guilty of practicing witchcraft. In this Taking Sides Issue 1.4, Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenbaum argue that the Salem witchcraft hysteria of 1692 was prompted by socioeconomic tensions, along with conflicts between ministers and their congregations, loss of lands, and the division of residence in the Salem Town and the Salem Village. While Laurie Winn Carlson
Death , hysteria and false accusations were things that haunted the 1690’s and 1950’s . The Salem Witch Trials and McCarthyism both both began with difference in someone’s religious and political views. This essay will compare the similarities.
Witchcraft has been present in many other religions, not only the Puritan religion. Witchcraft was also found in Catholic and Protestant parts of Europe. The Salem Witch Trials were smaller in comparison to those in Scotland, France, or Germany (Hall 3). Though the trials in Salem were smaller, people recognize the Salem Witch Trials as one of the worst times in American history (“Witch Madness” 4). The Puritans believed that the Devil was alive in their community (“Witch Madness” 2). The accusations started in February 1692 in Salem Village, Massachusetts when young Puritan girls were found using magic. The Salem Witch Trials began when Betty Paris, Abigail Williams, and some of their friends began to act strange with odd fits (Hall 1). Because many mental and emotional disorders were not understood, the people of Salem believed it was the work of witchcraft. When sickness or even misfortune came, the most
Spanos, Nicholas P., and Jack Gottlieb. "Ergotism and the Salem village witch trials." (1976) Google Scholar. Web. 26 Feb 2014.
On March 1, Magistrates John Hathorne and Jonathon Corwin investigated the three women in the courthouse in Salem Village. Tituba confessed to pursuing black magic. Over the next few weeks, other villagers came forward and testified that they too had been traumatized by or had seen strange phantoms of some of the village members. As the witch-hunting prolonged, charges were made toward many different people. Frequently unmasked were women whose behavior was somehow disturbing to the social order and formalities of the time. Some of the accused had records of unlawful pastimes, including witchery, but others were faithful churchgoers and people of high status in the society.
The notorious witch trials of Salem, Massachusetts occurred from June through September. It is a brief, but turbulent period in history and the causes of the trials have long been a source of discussion among historians. Many try to explain or rationalize the bizarre happenings of the witch hunts and the causes that contributed to them. To understand the trials and how they came to be, we must first examine the ideals and views of the people surrounding the events. Although religious beliefs were the most influential factor, socioeconomic tensions, and ergot poisoning are also strongly supported theories. A combination of motives seems the most rational explanation of the frenzy that followed the illness of the two girls. This paper looks closely at the some of the possible causes of one of the most notable occurrences in history.
American history is filled with exciting events such as traveling, finding new territory and building up a country. However, in 1692, America was frightened when people started getting accused for witchcraft. At the time they believed that people could send their spirits off to harm other people. In order to understand the magnitude of the Salem Witch Trials, it is important to understand the symptoms and theories about ergot poisoning, Tituba the black slave from Barbados, and the history and facts about Salem.
Although bitterness between the divided community surely had a major part in the rising tensions, another theory proposes that the village’s grain may have been tainted and had something to do with the erratic behaviors going on in Salem. The hysterical behaviors of the girls during the trials was most likely more a result of environmental factors than witchcraft. Salem Village, like many other communities, harvested wild rye. After harvesting the grain, it was then stored in barns and sometimes kept months before it was used. Ergot is a fungus that under the conditions the grain was kept, could have potentially infected the rye. Rye is susceptible to ergot poisoning, also known as ergotism. “Convulsive ergotism is characterized by a number
The witch trials was a chain of events that spiraled from ergot and then onto other things such as a need for a scapegoat, and personal vengeance. In 1692, the people of Salem had suffered from the poising of ergot that was found in rye bread that they often ate. These people, being under the influence of the drug, had starting experiencing hallucinations, formication, and other symptoms. The children who had made the first claim of witch trials, were most vulnerable to the poisoning. As stated in the article, “When eaten, the fungus can cause symptoms, especially in children” (Sullivan 1). The girls were not in their right minds at the time of the claim and had truly thought that their accusation was best in order to keep their town safe from witches. As the poising of
In the period of the Salem Witchcraft trials the colonist ran their courts with the use of empirical evidence (Craker, W. 1997, pg.350). Jail during this period had horrendous living conditions with many of those awaiting trials, and others serving sentences dying from varies reasons during their time imprisoned (Craker, W. 1997, pg.357 & 358). The beliefs of the people running the justice system was that of people who wanted to bring retribution to those who had committed non-spectral acts, while at the same time showing mercy to those who confessed to their crime’s (Craker, W. 1997, pg.345).
The Salem Trials took place between the 10th of June and the 22nd of 1692 and in this time nineteen people. In addition to this one man was pressed to death and over 150 people where sent to jail where four adult and one infant died. Although when compared to other witch-hunts in the Western world, it was ‘a small incident in the history of a great superstition,’ but has never lost its grip on our imagination’ . It’s because of this that over the last three centuries many historians have analysed the remaining records of the trials in order to work out what the causes and events were that led to them.
The purpose of my paper is to compare and contrast Arthur Miller’s The Crucible with the actual witch trials that took place in Salem in the 17th Century. Although many of the characters and events in the play were non-fictional, many details were changed by the playwright to add intrigue to the story. While there isn’t one specific cause or event that led to the Salem witch trials, it was a combination of events and factors that contributed to the birth and growth of the trials. Some of these events included: a small pox outbreak that was happening at the time, the revocation of the Massachusetts Bay Colony charter by Charles II, and the constant fear of Native attacks. These helped in creating anxiety among the early Puritans that they were being punished by God himself.
There was a numerous amount of people accused of being a witch during this period. It started when two young girls named Elizabeth Parris, 9 years old, and Abigail Williams, 11 years old, began to have uncontrollable epileptic episodes. They claimed they felt that they were being pinched or pierced with needles. Soon after, a girl named Ann Putnam Jr. began to claim she too felt these sharp pains. While under scrutiny, the girls each claimed that they were bewitched by Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba. So on March 1, 1692, the they each were arrested and examined. During the examination, Tituba confessed to being a witch and said that she, Sarah Good, and Sarah Osborne were approached by Satan and they all agreed to do his bidding as witches. So, Sarah Good was put in jail with her 4-year-old daughter