Brief background Shell was exploiting the natural reserves of oil and gas from the Nigerian Coastal plains dwelled by an ethnic group of Ogoni. Shell’s Nigerian operation constituted 11-12% of its output and 200 million dollar’s sale of annually. On contrary, Nigeria plummeted economically even 3 decades after independence partly because of political failure that neither could not leverage its competencies and nor reduce its oil dependency. Immature political system ultimately led to Military coup d'état ensuing a totalitarian rule reigning Nigeria brutally and undemocratically. Nigerian state affairs were in shambles. When 110 million Nigerians were victims of the ruthless military regime, ½-million Ogani’s were no exception. Identification of the Key issues 1. Acts of Shell- failure in performing its social responsibilities and insensitive to Human rights and environmental concerns in the location of its operation 2. Failures on part of Political Economy of Nigeria 3. Hypocrisy of Developed World like US and EU Analysis of issues • Acts of Shell Shell was extravagantly extracting the oil and gas from Ogoni for years. Government had always neglected them and so had Shell, thereby leading to a massive protest targeted at both the parties. They were earning a lot by exploiting the islands but giving almost nothing in returns. Their lands were environmentally degraded; soil and ground water rampantly contaminated mostly pertaining to oil leakage emanating from poorly maintained and dilapidated pipelines. Shell reciprocated this agitation by not clearing its spillages; but rather restricting itself from the region and making allegations of sabotage. Repeatedly the people were brutalized for raising grievances, security forces threatened, beat, and jailed members of community for seeking effective compensation for land ruined or livelihood lost. Number of incidents ware fueled by Shell requesting for security force’s intervention. This included arrest, trial and execution of Saro-Wiwa and 8 others at the outset of protests during Shell’s forceful acquisition of crop land for extending pipelines. In fact, Shell was mostly complicit at abuses because they failed to condemn them publicly or to intervene with the Nigerian government so that they didn’t reoccur. Frequently, Shell made no effort to learn what was done in their name by abusive local security forces because most protests emanated from issues such as environmental pollution and corruption pertinent to Oil companies. Despite these abuses and international pressures shell the situation lightly and went ahead with tie-up with the Military Government on its Liquidified Gas Plant deal. Similarly, even the shareholders were not serious on these issues.
dangers in the nuclear plant because the bosses just ignored it. The bosses and workers are not
At the end I come to conclusion that BP was not properly prepared for any disaster like that there risk assessment related to project is very limited and even not considered seriously about it for their own progress and putting live of public and employees in danger by not following the standard SOP of particular project. Even after incident happened they try to close their eyes on reality. The company should take this incident as alarm and should implement proper risk assessment for future and also compensate damages on ethical ground and if they counter this situation in good way their loss of bad reputation will be lesser as it predicted to be they should considered their responsibility towards society as well by doing this they not only making other people lives better but also earning good will to their company.
Gambrel, Jon. “Nigerian Rebels Seize Seven Oil Workers”. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 21 Nov, 2011 from
Nigeria has a complex history and though it is independent the effects of British colonization are still present.1#2 Nigeria’s dissension is inextricably linked to the merging of Northern and Southern Nigeria in 1914.2#3 Early missionaries used Western education as a tool for evangelism causing a northerrn pulation dominated by islam to be suspicious and reject Western influences.3 In the south western ideals were more widely accepted as a result of their acceptance to Christianity and evangelism. Due to their easy acceptance of westernization the British built schools, roads and infrastructure in the South, none of which appeared in the North.
To adapt one of Isichei's claims, Nigeria's “confrontation with an alien culture, its conquest, and the experience of an alien rule, created … [crises]” (180). There were many riots and conflicts between the Nigerians and the British, although most of the uprisings were eventually subdued by the military power of the British. Riots were common—from the culturally rooted Yoruba riots in the West and the religious skirmishes with the Muslims and Hausa in the North, to the confrontations with the naturally ‘rich,' yet stubborn Igbo and Delta states. Apart from encompassing all the major ethnic groupings and regions in Nigeria, amazingly these conflicts also covered the three most explicit British inculcations: cultural, religious, and economic.
Oghre, Ben. “Nigeria’s Population Is A Silent Killer .” Nigerians of America. N.p., 30 Sept. 2007. Web. 5 Feb. 2012. .
Nigeria contains more historic cultures and empires than any other country in Africa. People were first known to inhabit Nigeria as early as 5 B.C. They first constructed a kingdom in the center of Nigeria, which is named Jos Plateau. This was the first of many widespread kingdoms of that region, but two centuries later it would extend to Bornu, which is located on the western region of Nigeria (Gascoigne 1). Nigeria was made up of mostly kingdoms until British colonized in the 1800’s. The Soko Jotojhad and Yotruba wars encouraged slave trade at the time the British were trying to abolish the slave trade. Slaves were normally traded for European goods such as guns and gun powder. At this time, the British encouraged trading palm oil over trading slaves. Many of the slaves that were exported to Britain were intercepted by naval ships and shipped to Sierra Leone to collect palm oil. Some Nigerians began to migrate back from Sierra Leone in search of their homes and trade. British missionaries were invited to follow the slaves back, and in the 1840’s they wer...
...esult, 1000 civilians died, but majority of the fundamentalist group was taken out. In 2009, Goodluck Jonathan assumed presidency when Umaru Yar’Adu died (BBC News Africa, 2013). In 2011 elections, Goodluck Jonathan took majority of the vote against military opponent, Muhammadu Buhari. Observers have stated this election is the most fair it has ever been in history, but Buhari’s supporters opposed the results. Quickly after, the fundamentalist group, Boko Haram, made resurgence and there were daily attacks in the country. As a result, the Nigerian government declared a state of emergency and dispatched troops. In January 2012, Goodluck Jonathan removed the country’s fuel subsidy to repair the tattered economy, but only caused fuel and food prices to rise. In response to the rise of prices, Nigerians began to protest, which eventually led to reinstating the subsidy.
Oil is one of the fuels and commodity that is important when demands towards it increasing. Most of the countries in this world their economy depend on oil for example 79.5% rough economies of Nigeria come from this fuel resources. With area about 1000 km2, Ogoniland that located in Nigeria is a site that had processed oil since year 1950. However, there had happened a tragic history fire where oil wells and oil spill ever happened and tarnish area. Attributed to lack of information what had caused the incident happen, UNEP had conducted a study to know level oil pollution in Ogoniland. This report will cover land area that had been contaminated, surface water, plant, ground water, air pollution, industry practice and public health. It will give full picture on this pollution that is closely related to human health and environment. Study on oil pollution on environment and Ogoniland people's health is the most complex has been carried out by UNEP. In this group consisting of international experts to their respective areas like water, touchdown, forest, public health and polluted land. Experts will be cooperating with those who are involved in academic section, local expert and public members. Among study that was carried out is like revisit scene oil spill, oil well, including all facilities used or had been abandoned and explore 122 km pipeline in that area. This observation based on information provided by government guard care, Shell Petroleum Development Company (Nigeria) Ltd and the public members whether within or outside Ogoniland population. Much information has obtained on oil spill with Ogoniland cooperation residents and oil spill official data by Nigerian government and Shell Petroleum Development Company (Nigeria) Lt...
Political instability and regime change in Nigeria will be observed in this paper. The resource curse has greatly weakened Nigeria as it has led to the numerous regime changes, the hindering of the nation’s democratization, corruption in the government, as well as, civil conflict. According to Samuels in Case Studies in Comparative Politics, Nigeria began as a group of states and empires, which were conquered by the British Empire who ruled Nigeria through indirect rule with varying degrees of rule in North and South Nigeria (Samuels, 323-326). Since they were granted independence in 1960, three republics have been created and each has ended by military rule, which led to the creation of the fourth, and current republic in Nigeria. In the current regime, Nigeria’s GDP is ranked 108 out of 156 and has been decreasing, lower than some of the non-oil-producing nations in Africa (“Nigeria”).
Nigeria is a developing country in West Africa that was colonized by the British in 1884 at the Berlin conference where Africa was divided by European powers (Graham 2009). The British wanted to expand their empire, which meant taking over other countries that had resources that they wanted, and would allow them to expand their trade market and economy. One of the colonies that British colonized was Colonial Nigeria, which was forced to participate in the slave trade in the past and was controlled by the British through the set up of trading posts and selling manufactured goods. The British split Nigeria into the north and the south regions (Temple 1912). The Southern and Northern Nigeria Protectorates controlled these two regions. The Protectorates
Furthermore, there were several ethical issues raised by the Bhopal Union Carbide Corporation. First and foremost important ethical issue to be address is the moral value of protecting the human life. I think the management team from both the United State and India did not protect the well-being of their employees and the community of the Bhopal people who lived near by the plant. The Union Carbide Corporation was more concern about making profits and the Government of India was more in tune with increasing their grain production rather than emplacing a high priority for ...
Nigeria, with its prodigous oil and natural gas reserves, has the potential to be one of the most affluent places on the planet, were it not for the rampant corruption that defines it. Instead, it is the 20th poorest country in the world1. Much like the guanxi of China, Nigeria practices prebendalism—the use of high-level positions to gain personal wealth. In other words, people exchange money for political favors, which of course creates a greedy and corrupt society. The extent of this fraudulency is such that most of Nigeria's oil wealth is sucked up by one per cent of the population, while more than 60% falls below the poverty line. In fact, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has determined that 92% of Nigeria lives on less than one dollar a day2. Meanwhile, it is estimated that in the past 50 years, three to four hundred billion dollars have been stolen by government officials.
Corruption can be defined as the use of entrusted power to accumulate public wealthy for personal benefit. Corruption is not peculiar to any country, continent or state; it is sure a global issue which is an endemic to all government all over the world. However, corruption is prevalent in the Niger delta region of Nigeria; public officers in this oil producing state of Nigeria are corrupt. Consequently, it has defied the Niger delta from developing politically and economically which has left the states reputation in a mess. Radicalization of youths, abject poverty and -political instability are the three leading effects of corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria.
Nigeria was first colonized by the British in the late nineteenth century who, set up an administrative structure and law while still recognizing the traditional morals. By 1960, Nigeria became an independent country and officially became known as the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Nigeria is located in West Africa and consists of 36 states with over 500 different ethnic groups. The country recognizes itself as a federal constitutional republic and has an open to the public type government. Since it was originally established by Britain, the Nigerian legal system is very traceable to them and originated its laws from common law. This paper will examine the culture of Nigeria, the fundamentals of its’ legal system and how laws are passed, legal actors that are part of the Nigerian criminal justice system, and will compare Nigeria to America.