Public health Problem
Every 34 seconds someone has a heart attack in the United States. Heart Attacks, which are also referred to as myocardial infarctions, have become a leading health issue in America. According to the American Heart Association, about 920,000 Americans have a heart attack each year, and about 452,000 of those result in death. The problem strikes when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked for a long period of time and causes the heart to stop pumping. If the heart is not pumping, it can cause a heart muscle to become severely damaged or die. Heart attacks can happen for a number of reasons, but the two main concerns are plaque and smoking.
The heart experiences blood clots, which stem from blockage in the coronary arteries. This blockage often consists of fat buildup, cholesterol, and other substances. The collaboration of all these substances is referred to as plaque. The plaque causes the artery walls to become thicker and harder and eventually bursts open, thus causing a blood clot. Daily diet heavily contributes to plaque and cholesterol buildup, which contributes to plaque blood clots, which eventually leads to a heart attack. This process is also referred to as atherosclerosis disease.
Along with plaque, Cigarette smoking is the number one cause for preventable death in the United States, and is directly correlated with heart attacks. Men and women who smoke have a 2 to 4 times higher chance of experiencing a heart attack, and are more susceptible to coronary heart disease. According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Tobacco contains harmful chemicals in blood cells that damage the function of heart and blood vessels, increasing someone’s risk for atherosclerosis. Any amount of s...
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...le. We need to inform patients of signs and symptoms and inform them about the importance of heart attacks and heart disease. Focusing on primary prevention rather than trietary prevention is the only way we can see beneficial change. The World Health Organization (WHO) also agrees that life-style choices are a mor part of heart attack prevention. WHO suggests that psychical activity for just 30 minutes a day can drastically improve health in the future.
Although heart attacks are still a leading cause of coronary heart disease in America, we have come a long way in understanding preventative methods and risk factors for heart attacks. Not much was known about heart disease until the Framingham Study of 1948. Tbe Framingham Study was a chohort cardiovascular study on the residents of a town in Framingham Masschusets. Before Framingham most psychians had the idea
Tobacco is connected with a number of negative effects in humans and a few other organisms. For example, the long list of negative effects range from birth defects and lessened lung capacity, to sexual impotence. All of the previously mentioned result from extended tobacco exposure in varying mediums and although they are negative effects associated with tobacco, it has also been proven that tobacco to acts as a stimulant to some animals (Nice 135). In studying how tobacco effects the body of any living being and its uses, over time new developments may progress that would allow us to use tobacco only for its positive effects while bypassing its negative ones.
Heart disease is one of the most common causes of the mortality and morbidity in most well developed countries. They come in different forms such as stroke and other cardiovascular diseases and it’s the number one cause of death in the state of America. In the year 2011 alone nearly 787,000 people were killed as a result of this epidemic. And this included Hispanic, Africans, whites and Americans. As for the Asian Americans or pacific Islanders, American Indians and the natives of Alaska, the concept to them was a second only to cancer. However, statistics has proved that a person gets heart attack every 34 seconds and in every 60 seconds, someone dies out of it which include other related event. Additionally, majority of the women are the
LDL or bad cholesterol comes from food that is a high source of cholesterol and/or saturated fats. Plaque forms when bad or LDL cholesterol builds up in your bloodstream and attaches to the arterial wall, as more LDL builds up the plaque becomes larger, this can become a major problem for your cardiovascular system. Because plaque is a substance that has rough edges, it reduces the elastic nature of the artery which means your heart will have to work double-time to pump the necessary blood to all your limbs, that will mean your limbs won’t get the amount of oxygen that they require to function properly. Plaque can also narrow the area blood has to pass through, this means your heart has to work overtime and overall capacity of your cardiovascular system is lowered. When the LDL cholesterol embeds itself in the wall of the artery it than damages the artery then blood pressure expands it which causes an aneurysm. When an aneurysm is too weak there is a high possibility of it bursting, when that happens it leaves the cells in and around that area without oxygen. If that artery is connected to a major vital organ the person will most likely die. When the blood flow is slowed it shows a greater risk for blood clots and although blood clots are natural and important to healing broken blood vessels, if blood clots gather inside the blood vessel this proves to be a serious health risk. The clots have the possibility to get stuck and completely cut off the blood flow to cells, leaving them without oxygen and causing them to die. If a clot gets inside a blood vessel connected to a major organ this could cause the person to die. The heart is fed by the coronary artery, if plaque or a blood clot blocks off blood flow to the heart, the heart ...
Coronary heart disease is defined by the hardening of the epicardial coronary arteries. The buildup of plaque in the arteries slowly narrows the coronary artery lumen. In order to better understand the physiology of the disease, it is important to first know the basic anatomy of the human heart. The aorta, located in the superior region of the heart, branches off into two main coronary blood vessels, otherwise known as arteries. The arteries are located on the left and right side of the heart and span its surface. They subsequently branch off into smaller arteries which supply oxygen-rich blood to the entire heart (Texas Heart Institute, 2013). Therefore, the narrowing of these arteries due to plaque buildup significantly impairs blood flow throughout the heart.
Blood clots can accumulate due to atherosclerosis plaque buildup. When plaque builds up and break off in the artery a blood clot can form. If the blood clot is large enough, it can particularly or completely block the artery. A blocked artery segment is what causes tissue death due to deprived oxygenated blood. If this problem is not treated right away, the portion of the heart fed by the artery will begin to die. Scar tissue will form on what was once health heart tissue. The heart damage may not be noticeable, or it may cause severe or long-lasting problems. (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) Another cause of heart attacks is due to a severe coronary artery spasm, this is this least common cause. Coronary artery spasms are brief temporary tightening or contraction of the muscles in the artery wall. Spasms can emerge in coronary arteries that aren 't affected by atherosclerosis. It 's not clear as to why these spasms arise but they are most likely due to: physical exertion, emotional stress or pain, exposure to extreme cold, cigarette smoking, cocaine
Since 1960 the age-adjusted mortality rates for cardiovascular disease (CVD) has declined steadily in the U.S. due to multiple factors, but still remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide. Greater control of risk factors and improved treatments for cardiovascular disease has significantly contributed to this decline (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). In the U.S. alone it claims approximately 830,000 each year and accounts for 1/6 of all deaths under the age of 65 (Weiss and Lonnquist, 2011). Based on the 2007 mortality rate data an average of 1 death every 37 seconds is due to cardiovascular disease (Lloyd-Jones et al., 2009). Controlling and reducing risk factors is crucial for saving lives. There are a number of contributing risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which may appear in the form of hereditary, behavioral, and psychological, all of which ultimately converge in social or cultural factors.
Smoking is the most preventable cause of death in our society. During 1995, approximately 2.1 million people in developed countries died as a result of smoking. One tobacco use is responsible for nearly one in five deaths in the United States. Lung Cancer mortality are about 23 times higher for current male smokers and 13 times higher for current female smokers compared to a lifelong never-smoker.
One of the leading causes of death in the United States is heart disease. “Approximately every 29 seconds one American will have a heart attack, and once a minute one American will die from a heart attack” (Ford-Martin and Odle, 915). According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine men over the age of 45 and women over the age of 55 are considered at risk for heart disease. Heart disease is a major cause of death. It is beneficial to individuals who seek to prevent heart disease to recognize the risks leading to heart attacks as they are one of the primary indications of developing heart disease; especially those that fall into the at risk age groups. These risks consist of some that cannot be changed such as heredity risks, or those that can change such as smoking habits. It is very important to know these specific risks for prevention and to understand the symptoms of heart attacks, such as sweating or the feeling of weakness so if these or other symptoms occur people are aware. Finally heart disease treatment is of vital importance if you experience a heart attack so you can learn how to prevent another one from occurring.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death for both women and men in the United States. It is very important to learn about the heart to prevent heart disease. Many forms of heart disease can be prevented and treat with healthy lifestyle choices. For someone who has heart disease or does not; there is information, facts, symptoms, different types, diagnoses, tests, treatment, care, and living and managing that can be given.
Just as breast cancer is killing our African American women, heart disease is also one of the major diseases killing our women. Heart disease is one of the nation’s leading causes of death in both woman and men. About 600,000 people die of heart disease in the United States (Americas heart disease burden, 2013). Some facts about heart disease are every year about 935,000 Americans have a heart attack. Of these, 610,000 are a first heart attack victim. 325,000 happen in people who have already had a heart attack. Also coronary heart disease alone costs the United States $108.9 billion each year. This total includes the cost of health care services, medications, and loss of productivity. Deaths of heart disease in the United States back in 2008 killed about 24.5% of African Americans.
Smoking causes many other types of cancer, including cancers of the throat, mouth, nasal cavity, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, kidney, bladder, and cervix, and even leukemia has been found linked to smoking. Also, people who smoke are up to six times more likely to suffer a heart attack than nonsmokers, and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. Smoking also causes most cases of chronic obstructive lung disease. Also, approximately 49,400 deaths have been due to exposure to secondhand smoke. 3,000 nonsmoking adults die of diseases caused by exposure to second-hand smoke every year.
As most of you know, smoking is bad for your health, but what some of you might not know is that you don’t actually have to smoke to be harmed by smoking. Lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer deaths in men and women, is mainly caused by cigarette smoking. Secondhand smoking causes approximately 2 percent of lung cancer deaths each year. It causes respiratory disease, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), middle ear disease, and asthma attacks in children.
Tobacco use causes a number of diseases. Smoking causes cancer, heart disease, stroke, and causes lung diseases. Tobacco can lead to someone losing limbs and...
After doing all my readings, I have reach to the conclusion, that as many doctors say, the best way to avoid a heart attack is by taking the necessary precautions to prevent it. Regular check ups, a balance diet, exercises can decrease the risks of suffering a heart attack or any type of disease. Many people survive, but others do not have the same luck and die. After reviewing MI, I have learned the importance of preventive medicine.
Approximately one in two lifetime smokers will die from their habit. Half of these deaths will occur in middle age. The most common of the diseases caused by smoking is cancer, of course. Not only is it a cause of lung cancer, but cancer of the larynx, and the esophagus, and it contributes to the development of cancers of the bladder, pancreas, and kidney. Lung cancer comes from the tar in the cigarettes.