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Danger of hacking
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Effect of internet hacking
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Introduction
The use of modern technology in the Internet enable rapid information exchange among people, which never experienced by human before. This notion encouraged many individuals prefer to end their trade contracts and legal actions through online network trade. Although, electronic commerce mainly depend on the computer system and the use of this technique showed many problems in the scientific and legal levels of network transactions. However, the emergence of the internet hackers made major effects on both local and international levels. In particular, many people claim that poor legislations and law enforcement create incentives for internet hackers to intensify their fraudulent activities on the Internet. In general, the computer crime and criminal information law are relatively young phenomena. A historical analysis of internet crimes indicate that each new development of computer technology followed by corresponding crime adaptation and consequently laws to controls them.
In Saudi Arabia and during the last few years been noticed that the internet frauds are soaring up continuously among wide sectors of population. The bad use of internet technology brings the attention of State, international organizations and the legal systems in Saudi Arabia to stop the breach of law. This type of crime exists in Saudi Arabia, like other countries in the world, so the government sought to develop new legislation to protect electronic transactions and e-contracts so the internet users trade safely in the net. Hence, the government imposed sanctions against criminals to limit the mi...
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...(Islamic law) to that of British law we can get a sound picture about best methods in controlling the internet crime to safeguard the business for traders.
Reference:
1& 2. E-commerce and the law: http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?type=RESOURCES&itemId=1075385095.
3. Hegazy, Abdel-Fattah Bayoumi, An electronic signature in the legal systems of comparison, the Dar Al-Fikr Alexandria University, first edition 2004 Page 15.
4. Al-Nasser, Abdullah bin Ibrahim: Electronic contracts, Journal of Contemporary Jurisprudence Research, Number 73, October 2004.
5. Fahmy, Khaled Mustafa: The legal regime of the electronic signature in the light of legislation and international conventions, Alexandria, house of the new university, 2007.
6. Iabadat, Lawrence Muhammad: A proof editor-mail, published Ph.D. thesis, Amman-Jordan: House of Culture, 2005.
Ibn Munqidh, Usama. "From Memoirs." McNeill, William and Marilyn Robinson Waldman. The Islamic World. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1973. 184-206.
Gunther, G. (1991). Constitutional Law. Twelfth Edition. New York: The Foundation Press, Inc. pp. 1154-1161.
MICHAELSEN, C., THE RENAISSANCE OF NON-REFOULEMENT? THE OTHMAN (ABU QATADA) DECISION OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS. .
Solution." Indiana Journal Of Global Legal Studies 18.2 (2011): 901-927. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 Apr. 2014.
Technology has opened new encounters and opportunities for the criminal justice system. There are so many new practices of criminal activity, such as computer crimes. There are different types of computer crimes that many people become victims of every day. Computer crime is any crime that involves a computer and a network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a crime, or it may be the target ("Computer Crime: Chapter 2: What Are the Crimes?", n.d.). Crimes such as data diddling, pump and dump, social engineering and spoofing are computer crimes. Even though these crimes are difficult by privacy issues, the new technology has made investigations and prosecutions well organized and effective. Though views are different on the pros and cons of specific technological changes in the criminal justice system, there is an agreement the system has changed affectedly ("Effects of Technology in Criminal Justice | eHow", n.d.).
NIST. (2009). Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 186-3, Digital Signature Standard (DSS). Washington, D.C.: Department of Commerce.
rule", The electronic formation of contracts and the common law: "mailbox. baylor law review. 8 april
In the first section of Cyber Criminology, is the subject matter of individuals going away from acceptable standards of what one normal person would take and the subculture behind these people in cyberspace. The Internet is used for personal gains or destruction of others by people described as hackers, web criminals, and cyber fraudsters. One particular type of individuals who do this that were taken in a study are people from Nigeria, and are known by the name of yahooboys (Adeniran & Jaishankar, 2011, p. 4). Yahooboys consists of mainly young boys and girls whom use the Internet to partake in criminal activity (Adeniran & Jaishankar, 2011, p. 4). Some of the criminal activities they try to accomplish ar...
As the Internet has become more widely recognized and used by people all over the world, it has brought a new medium in which information can very easily be broadcast to everyone with access to it. In 1995 there was a projected 26 million Internet users, which has grown to almost 300 million today. One major problem with this is that everyone represents different countries and provinces which have different outtakes on certain types of freedom of speech as well as different laws about it. This proposes a new type of law that would need to be written in order to determine whether or not something is illegal on the Internet. A person in one country can express what they want to, but that expression may be illegal in another country and in this situation whose laws are to be followed? What I propose to do accomplish in this paper is to discuss the freedom of speech laws of the United States of America and those of France, China, and Canada. I will examine what about them is similar and what about them is different. The bringing of the Internet has brought many new types of businesses as well as ways in order to communicate with the world, but as with each new endeavor or invention, there needs to be a way in order to govern its use and policies. There must also be ways in order to punish those not following the new laws and policies of use, since that the country that the person is in may allow what they did, but it may not be allowed on the Internet or in a different country. In other words, there is the need for international laws governing the Internet.
The 90's internet boom gave rise to new ways of writing in through access to cyberspace. What used to be printed or handwritten on physical surfaces such as paper, cardboard, or bulletin boards has changed to 0's and 1's, bits and bytes of digitized information that can be displayed thru the projections of computer screens. Moreover, the internet has made the process of publishing one's works, writing letters, or chatting with one another much easier and convenient for everyone around the globe. The internet became a universal tool, giving much freedom and flexibility to the users; it gave them opportunity to deliver their thoughts with little or no restrictions. Since it's impossible to regulate all cyber-activities, internet users are often unrestricted by the normal laws or authorities that would set boundaries around the various online transactions. More importantly, the fact that a net user can take on different identities in cyberspace brings about several ethical and social issues. These anonymous and unrestrictive characteristics of cyberspace often permite abusive users to easily involve themselves in serious cybercrimes such as cyberstalking, cyber-rape, and cyber-harassment through chatting services, emails, cyber communities, and other online communication.
In order to make best use of electronic commerce opportunities, a secure environment with respect to electronic signatures is needed. Several different methods exist to sign documents electronically varying from very simple methods (e.g. inserting a scanned image of a hand-written signature in a word processing doc...
Every day millions in some cases billions of dollars are made by businesses from income brought in by online sale of products and services. As businesses continually develop and expand their client base with online products and services so does the desire by criminals to exploit vulnerabilities in their e-commerce setup. The mass worldwide internet usage growth within the last 20 years has been “an approximate 16 million users in 1995 to an estimated 2,937 million in March of 2014” As the importance of e-commerce increases so does the need to protect the technological infrastructure that will carry out online transactions for each business regardless of its size. I will attempt to highlight and review the history of a few cyber crimes to show the progression of the crimes within the last 30-40 years. I also plan to review how the economy and consumers are impacted by cyber crimes. Finally I will make an effort to contribute with information gathering on how to lower the risk of a cyber attack from and individual user to a large scale business.
In today's society, many aspects of crime are committed on a regular basis. Civilians take advantage of people all the time using online resources such as fraudulent websites requiring credit card information to get a free monthly trial. Other examples of cyber crimes include online chat websites, full of predators, or websites needing a downloadable program that contains a hacking virus. Sadly, there are many cases of cyber crime all over the internet. The acts of cyber crimes are considered violent acts like any other.
Internet auction fraud is the most dangerous online crime but receives no attention from people. It does cause the victims to suffer losses but most of them fail to report the crime to the authorities. The internet auction fraud is a serious crime when it was reported to be the number one online scam by the U.S Federal Trade Commission in 1997. In 2001, 70% of fraud cases were reported to Internet Fraud Watch. When people do not know the danger of its existence, no precautions to avoid it are taken. Some of the concerned victims reported the fraud to the auction house. But it was shocking that even the auction house themselves do not realize the bad impacts of this crime. Mostly, it was because of the reliance of the auction house on the auction participants to take their own precautions even though they had no knowledge about the auction fraud. Most of the victims decided to stay silent and not reporting the crime to the authority because of some reasons.
Cybercrime is a global issue plaguing the world. The dictionary defines cybercrime as “crime conducted via the Internet or some other computer network”(Merriam-Webster). The definition remains very broad because the word “cyber” is defined as “relating to the culture of computers, information technology, and virtual reality.” Due to the growing number of people gaining access to the internet, rapid development of technology, and the globalization of the world, more of the world population is becoming susceptible to involvement in cybercrime – whether it be as a victim or a criminal. Cybercrime involves different levels of the world on both the victim and criminal side, from an individual citizen, to small groups, businesses, and the government, to the countries of the world.