With an increase in the number of annual deaths caused by cancer in the US population, there have been many efforts by numerous private and public entities to create programs aimed at prevention of certain types of cancer. Due to ineffective intervention strategies many programs struggle to produce positive outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the Every Woman Matters Program (EWM), its' ineffectiveness and the reasons as to why the program was unsuccessful. I will summarize and analyze two other prevention programs that succeeded at the goal of advocating and promoting health and prevention. Also, I will describe two strategies for creating a more effective prevention program.
The Every Woman Matters Program
The Every Woman Matters Program ( EWM) was created by the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services (NDHHS). The goal of the NDHHS was to provide free health examinations to low income women between the ages of 40 and 74 years of age with no health insurance. Through the Every Woman Matters program eligible women were provided with the following services: clinical breast examinations, Mammogram screenings and diagnostics, breast ultrasounds, referrals for breast lump evaluations, breast biopsy, fine needle/ cyst aspirations, Pap tests, yearly pelvic exams, colposcopy – directed biopsy, other basic labs and physical examinations.
The Every Woman Matters Study
Despite of the of the implementation of the EWM program the rates of cervical and breast cancer screening in the state of Nebraska still remain low. With the goal of developing a practice – based intervention and identifying strategies that would help reduce the barriers of delivering the screening services by the EWM program, Backe...
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...Smith, K.,Florio, A., Hall, S.J. (2007). Community- Based Free Prostate Cancer Screening Program. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 1(3), 215-220.Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2614324/
Nation, M., Crusto, C., Wandersman, A., Kumpfer, K. L., Seybolt, D., Morrissey-Kane, E., & Davino, K. (2003). What works in prevention: Principles of Effective Prevention Programs. American Psychologist, 58, 449-456. Retrieved from http://www.mentoring.org/downloads/mentoring_4.pdf
Nebraska Department of Health & Human Services (NDHHS) . (2011). Every Woman Matters Program: Provider Matters. Retrieved from http://dhhs.ne.gov/publichealth/Pages/womenshealth_ewm_ewmproviders.aspx
World Health Organization. (2014). Early Detection of Cancer. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/cancer/detection/en/
One target behavior needing change is to recognize symptoms of diseases and to get regular check-ups. These two were chosen as one behavior change because they both go hand in hand in preventing diseases. For example, by physically examining myself and by determining if something is wrong by what I know I could seriously limit my chances of illness by scheduling an appointment with my doctor. By communicating this information with my doctor we can come up with a diagnosis together by evaluating all the signs and symptoms. Doing both of these behaviors is essential for a healthy disease free body because even though doctors know how to cure and diagnose diseases no one still knows their bodies better then the patient. For example, doctors may diagnose someone with diabetes due to the physical signs they can see, such as ketone body urination; However, because doctors cannot read the patients mind it is possible that the diagnosis is incorrect. One possible scenario could be that the patient drank a lot last night and so they still experiencing splitting headaches and dehydration. Ketone body urination is a sign doctors can see through a urinalysis but the headache is not and so therefore it's considered a symptom because only a patient can determine the headache as being truth. That being said communicating all this information to the doctor could accurately lead them to diagnosing and treating you for alcoholic ketoacidosis instead of diabetes. So therefore if I understand the symptoms of diseases and then schedule an appointment to communicate with my doctor and get examined then I can become as healthy and as well as possible by limiting my chances of physical harm.
This is a paper on the Case Study that was presented to the class on 10/10/15 from the Woman’s Resource Center. This paper will include an introduction of my thoughts on the Woman’s Resource Center’s website and the informational pamphlet that was handed out to the class. Also included is a highlighted assessment of the case and intervention sills needed to be an effective practioner.
The health of the American people lags behind those from other developed countries. Federal public health agencies have a wide range of responsibilities and functions which includes public health research, funding, and oversight of direct healthcare providers. It has been a long time since changes have been made to the way the federal government structures its health care roles and programs outside of Medicare and Medicaid (Trust, 2013). With healthcare reform on the horizon now is the time to invest time and money in prevention, not medicine, making it a top priority to improve health and prevent disease. Funding efforts at all levels of the public health continuum need to focus on developing programs aimed at such leading initiatives as tobacco cessation, improving nutrition, supplying safe workplaces, and increasing physical activity in all ages of the population. People should have equal access to quality preventative medicine and education.
The educator role of the APHN and NP includes health education within a nursing framework and professional nurse educator roles. The APHN analyzes groups at risk within a community and implements health education interventions. The APHN and NP boost wellness and contribute to conserving and advocating health by teaching the importance of a healthy lifestyle, stress management, physical exercise, and good nutrition. They educate about disease processes and the importance of following treatment systems. In addition, they provide guidance and educate clients on the use of birth control methods, diet, medications, and other therapeutic procedures. They also counsel groups, families, clients, and the community on the importance of assuming responsibility for their own
“Healthy People provides science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans.” ( United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Healthy People 2020 , 2011). It acts as a national guide for disease prevention and health promotion. There are various objectives and goals which serve as the guideline to achieve overall improvement in health . ‘Educational and Community-Based Programs’ is one of them. According to U.S Department of Health and Human Services the main goal of these programs is to “Increase the quality, availability, and effectiveness of educational and community-based programs designed to prevent disease and injury, improve health, and enhance quality of life.” (HHS, Healthy People 2020, 2011). This particular goal of Healthy People 2020 focuses on increasing the number educational and community based programs to increase awareness about disease prevention and health among every individual of the society. It focuses on educating them on various topics including chronic diseases, substance abuse, prevention of injury and violence to encourage and enhance health. It emphasizes on increasing the quantity and quality of such programs so that a larger population could benefit from the program and gain effective knowledge to achieve a healthy life.
...ed prevention programs significantly decrease CVD risk factors in African American women. Both articles were appraised and evaluated, and outcomes ended up being positive in both. In both of the articles, all of the risk factors for CVD that were measured decreased from baseline to the end of the programs. This just shows how impactful these group programs are for this population. Not only was this intervention physically effective, it was also cost-effective as well, showing feasibility in all aspects. The large impact of these programs is extremely useful for nurses to understand, because nurses can look at these studies and implement programs like this elsewhere. A nurse has a duty to promote health and wellness, so it is important to know what works and what does not. As seen in this paper, group programs can be significantly effective in the prevention of CVD.
The Information gathered in 2012 from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention studies concluded that cervical cancer, “... used to be the leading cause of cancer death for women in the United States” (“Cervical Cancer Statistics”). But these statistics have gone down significantly in the past forty years because Planned Parenthood facilities provide to women pap smears to detect cell changes before the cancer develops. On the other hand, Planned Parenthood does not directly provide mammograms for women, their doctors and nurses “... teach patients about breast care, [and] connect patients to resources to help them get mammograms” ("Breast Cancer Screenings"). The important health care work done by the Planned Parenthood Clinics is, at times, over sought and even forgotten when the organization is embroiled in controversy as it finds itself in
According to the National Cancer Institute, cancer health disparities are defined as the adverse differences between specific populations and the achievement of an optimal state of health. These population groups are categorized by geographic location, income, disability, age, education, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, or race. These factors correlate with cancer mortality rates that impact specific population groups in the United States, cancer prevalence is the number of people diagnosed or living with cancer, and cancer incidence which is the number of new cancer cases in a population. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2013, there were an estimated 1,660,290 new cases of cancer and 580,350 of the new cases resulted in mortality. Individuals who have limited access to healthcare, health illiterate, and poverty stricken are more likely to develop cancer. This means a person’s socioeconomic status can determine the likelihood of their probability of developing cancer
Given the magnitude of health costs, both financial and in terms of human suffering, it is essential that preventive interventions be developed and/or enhanced. Nurses, physicians, and other helping professionals are in a good position, by virtue of their training, to add to such preventive efforts. Health is defined as a condition of physical, mental, and social well being and the absence of disease or other abnormal condition. It is not a static condition; constant change and adaptation to stress result in homeostasis (Mosby's Medical and Nursing Dictionary, 1994 p. 742). The fact that we can improve our health and extend our lives by changing our behaviors (i.e., eating well, exercising, not smoking, and reducing stress) supports the incorporation of health education, and prevention programs into a broad variety of settings.
Prevention and outreach, detection and screen, research, and lastly, patient support. In prevention and outreach, they educate the Latino/Hispanic community by being culturally competent. They know every little statistic and history on the health aspect of the Latino community and it is their mission to help them in any way possible with these programs that they offer. There is a traditional game that Hispanics love to play and that is the lotteria also known as bingo in English. They do this activity called Health Bingo and this is a fun and educational tool that has taught these Hispanics the varieties of cancer as well as promoting healthy eating, exercise and early screenings. Another program is detection and screening. Research studies show that Latinos are diagnose with cancer when it is at a later stage and the turnout for this is that the survival rates are lower. The reason of this result is the minimal education on how to self-exam oneself and how costly screenings can be, especially if they don’t have health insurance. It is proven that Latina women are less likely to perform breast examinations, obtain a mammogram, and are less likely to seek medical care when they suspect something is wrong. In the United States, for Hispanics, it is said that they are three times more likely to not have health insurance. There are a variety of reason
“Estimated to be diagnosed in 1 of every 8 women in their lifetime, breast cancer continues to present a public health concern (Haber 2322)”. Breast cancer is not biased. It affects men and women of all races and ages. “Cancer represents 30% of the burden posed by no communicable diseases in the Region of the Americas of the World Health Organization (Luciani, Silvana 640)”. In men it affects less than 1 percent of the population. Routine mammograms and checkups are not only healthy but can also save lives. Giving the doctor thirty minutes of your time could ultimately mean the difference between life and death in some cases.
Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2008). Public health nursing: Population centered health care in the community (6th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby.
Women who have an intellectual disability go the majority of their life without having a mammogram, which causes them to discover they have breast cancer when it is in a life threatening stage. People with this type of disability usually result in having a higher rate of receiving a chronic illness such as, cancer. According to Swain et al. (2013), “Women with intellectual disabilities need education and help to receive screenings when needed” (p.184). Therefore, women with a disability should have a responsible adult willing to take them to regular screening and a couple of days before each screening educate them about what a mammogram screening is for.
Susan G. Komen is a breast cancer awareness and research center looking to end breast cancer forever. Breast cancer is one of the most common type of cancers found in women. The research center holds a “Race for a Cure” run yearly to raise money for breast cancer patients. They not only fund research in the United States, but 17 other countries as well. The Komen research program has made a significant progress that has contributed too many import...
Since a significant part of the population is young females, there is a need for services regarding gynecology, family, and pediatric care (Taylor, 2004). Despite most of the population being young, diabetes and hypertension also play a role in the population and therefore, services are needed to address these issues (Taylor, 2004). Since most of health care center populations are from low income households, health care centers usually provide enabling services such as “case management, translation, transportation, outreach, eligibility assistance, and health education” as well as other comprehensive services (Taylor, 2004, p. 8). To assure health care centers are fulfilling its purposes, each health care center goes through a Performance Review Protocol where the health care center is graded more on their performance than its compliance, unlike its former Primary Care Effectiveness Review (Taylor,