Most of offices around the world operate in the day time. They usually start work at 7 AM and finish at 4 or 5 AM. Daylight is an essential resource that is readily available for all people– and will probably last for the foreseeable future. It also has the very special properties of having the capability to transform an internal space from a boring uniformity into a vivid and happy experience. The ability to both illuminate a place and to make it more attracting, is one of the main reasons that architects try to bring daylight to a building wherever possible and practical. Since employees in the offices mostly deal with papers or computer screens, a well-illuminated building seems to be necessary. A bright environment can stop staff from being bored and can be a good friend for their eyes. However, illuminating spacious places such as office building needs a lot of light sources which are now mostly powered by electricity. When the energy crisis happened in 1970, some of the leader countries of OPEC increased the oil price. Prior to this sharp increase in prices, energy consumption in buildings was partly ignored. The oil price crisis made countries think about using renewable energy sources. This was the starting point for using renewable energies in buildings. Considering the current energy crisis and high costs of electricity, using artificial light sources does not seem to help a sustainable design at all. In addition, the high cost of electricity can damage a company's profit margin seriously (Paolo Bertoldi, Bogdan Atanasiu, 2006). While some think that reducing lamps or using LEDs can bring about an energy efficient office, there is solution which offers using daylight. Since offices operate in the daytime and are mostl...
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...on. It is recommended to think of daylighting in the first stages of designing an office building. In this way, implementing advanced daylighting equipment is much easier in the future.
References :
1-M.S. Mayhoub , D.J. Carter (2011) The costs and benefits of using daylight guidance to light office buildings, Building and Environment, (Vol 46 ), p. 698-710.
2-Paolo Bertoldi, Bogdan Atanasiu (2006), Electricity Consumption and Efficiency Trends in the Enlarged European Union, Directorate-General Joint Research Centre.
3-Grozon Aktas, (2012) Sustainable Design Proposals in Shopping Center Public Interiors, International Journal of Energy and Environment, (vol, 6), p. 109-116.
4- M. Andersen, S. J. Gochenour and S. W. Lockley, (2013) Modeling 'non-visual' effects of daylighting in a residential environment, Building and Environment, (vol. 70), p. 138-149.
For new or retrofit construction, every choice can lead to energy savings; energy that is derived primarily from fossil fuels. The typical household LED replacement for a 60w light lasts about 50,000 hours. Pretending that an incandescent could also last that long, it would consume about 3,000 kilowatt-hours (kWh) of energy whereas the LE...
The control of light is an important technology of horticulture. Growers can control plant growth and flowering by regulating the intensity and duration of light in greenhouse settings. The majority of plants grow best under the high light intensities of full sun; therefore, growth is reduced at low light intensities. In summer, under naturally long days of bright sunshine’s, natural light intensity is sufficient for optimum plant growth. However, in the winter season it can become necessary to provide sources of artificial light to those, which most closely replicate the wavelengths from the sun’s radiation reaching the Earth. (New Mexico State University, 2013).
Merchant elaborates on the extent of managing exotic gardens inside buildings particularly the mall to recreate a heavenly atmosphere. She considers the work that goes into maintaining these gardens to keep them pristine, from the expensive water works and pesticides utilized to keep the unclean and destructive nuisances from diminishing the aim for perfection in a desirable atmosphere (p.5). These gardens produce the atmosphere to make people happy and content. The greenery provides the feeling of being outdoors while truly being completely inside. She indicates mall landscaping is inspired by surrounding environments that are
capture the full effect of light during this short period of the day with the study
...plications affecting efficiency. More focus is necessary on the indoor environment in schools, day care centres, hospitals and nursing homes for elderly, because children, hospital patients and elderly are sensitive subgroups. There are a number of indications that the indoor environment at home is normally worse than in the indoor office environment. The population spends most time at home, and children are exposed at home for many years (National Safety Council, 2009). This suggests that improvements of the home environment may be a cost-effective to reduce the indoor exposure burden in the population. The link between indoor and outdoor air pollution should not be ignored, as most of the exposure to outdoor pollutants occurs indoors. Finally, the function of energy saving and climate changes for the indoor environment and SBS will be an important future issue.
(Source C). The United States Department of transportation even stated that “the total electricity savings associated with daylight amounted to about 1 percent in spring and fall” (Source C). This statement is no more than a false fact. The national Bureau of economic Research conducted a study in 2008 stating that no real energy-saving has ever been recorded from daylight savings (Source F). Actually, the study found instead that “daylight saving time results in an overall increase in residential electricity demand.”
Inadequate lighting contributes to a high number of accidents each year. Accidents are higher in areas where the lighting is inadequate like a factory or plant. Poor lighting can also lead to many physical ailments, such as eye strain, headaches, bad mood, poor concentration, dissatisfaction, and absenteeism (Schultz & Schultz, 2016). Working under the wrong type of lighting can slow productivity and lead to more accidents. Employers need to take the initiative to have the lighting checked and changed on a monthly basis to ensure employee safety.
It’s The Kyocera of Art and The Museum of Fine ceramics on the first 2 floors but it’s the headquarter of the world’s largest solar generation and natural gas co generation system. There is solar panels hanging of the building on every floor of the 20 floor building which power’s 50% of the building. Its modern design is suppose to connect to the environment with the surround parks. What I like about this building is the design of the use of space of the solar on the building to maximize the space, especially in Japan with its very populated country. What I dislike about this building is there could be more solar planes that been built on to the building which could cover 100% of the power
The warm and cool light streaming in through the windows and doorways during transitions was an effective use of
The developers and designers disguise the building’s identity while mediating the materialist relations of mass consumption. Goss focuses on five areas in his article. This first area looks at the mall in a cultural context and the connection between the techniques of environmental design in the act of image making.
Sustainable design seeks to reduce negative impacts on the environment, the health and comfort of building occupants, thereby improving building performance. The basic objects of sustainability are to reduce consumption of non-renewable resources, minimal waste, and create healthy, productive environments (“Sustainable Design”). Focusing primarily on the sustainable design principles, there are five, including: low-impact materials, energy efficiency, quality and durability, design for reuse and recycling, and renewability. As sustainability appears to become the necessary trend in architecture, the question concerning the cost versus outcome of “going green” really an investment or a waste of time and money comes to mind. With our research provided below, we believe the expenses may truly be with the investment in the end.
Morrison is the largest supermarket in the UK and has integrated sustainable operation management in all its stores. Its management have put in place sustainable mechanisms such as sustainable designs, processes, operations, which are guidelines and policies used by the firm to decrease the...
Mullen, Rutledge M. and Swain S. Modeling the Process of Science: Investigating the effects of light pollution. Tennessee: Middle Tennessee State University, 1987.
Simpson, J.R. (2002, November). Energy and Buildings, Improved Estimates of tree-shade effects on residential energy use. ScienceDirect, 34(10), 1067–1076. Retrieved from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778802000282
Places such as coffee shops and lounges have been included in the structures of these malls to give consumers a more comfortable feeling of relaxation. Instead of shopping and leaving people are more enticed to sit back and relax. Enjoying a meal and a cup of coffee while shopping has become a time consuming yet enjoyable process for most shoppers. It's suggested that the longer a person stays the more money they are bound to spend. Mall managers and scientist are not attempting to manipulate the consumer but more so enhance their shopping experience. There's also a sense of creativity and connectivity found in calming environments such as coffee shops that establishments like shopping malls are trying to bring to the shopping