Title of Primary Source: ACCOUNT OF THE SLAVE TRADE ON THE COAST OF AFRICA by ALEXANDER FALCONBRIDGE
The book was published in 1788 -- substantially after the events described took place. The time gap did not seriously affect the main content of the material because the events he describes were very serious and unforgettable ones. He wrote the material at the time he had already been a member of the Anti- Slavery Society leaving room for a little suspicion of his tendency to exaggerate some descriptions in his narrative. This been said, it is pertinent to note that it is unequivocally clear that the events he describes in this book are those he witnessed firsthand and they made a lasting impression on him. Consequently, this impression motivated him to not only join the Anti-Slavery Society, but to be actively involved as well.
The author Alexander Falconbridge, from the accounts in the book, is a British surgeon who wrote about (against) the slave trade aspect of “British commerce” as found in the preface of his account. He sailed with slave ships from 1780 through 1787 where according to him; he witnessed most of the things he gave account of in the book. He is a very appropriate as well as important source of information because he worked on board slave ships for very close to a decade. He was present from where the slaves are bought from their captors, on the ships used in transporting them through where they get to their final destination. He had the task of taking care and treating of the slaves which afforded him the opportunity of getting close to them and always been aware of the event taking place with them. Furthermore, he was not a merchant and most probably didn’t rely on the profit made on the slaves but on the ...
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...ent have affected the relationship between the European slave traders and the natives?
Social history: Would a more cordial social interaction between the various native tribes in West Africa have prevented the flourish of the Slave trade?
Military History: What effect would have a more advanced military by the natives had on the way the Europeans traded with them?
*History of Education: What effect would have an educated native populace had on the way the Europeans traded with them?
*History of population: What effect would a large population of individual tribes with large lands (rather than the fragmental distribution that was seen) have had on the way the Europeans traded with them?
*History of Language: How would have a common language spoken across most of West Africa as is in Asia have affected the way the Europeans traded with the West African Natives?
Since the early seventeenth century, French explorers had been able to keep peaceful relations with the Native Americans as a result of fur trading. Samuel de Champl...
First, she explored the history of slavery and affection of it, which started from captivity. She was not convincing her reader but introduce people into the history of the old South region. She uses many detail of war as example to give her readers an image of the time. Readers would understand the link between warfare and taking captives into the Natives communities. She started at the point which colonies had not found the South, and tried to explain the exercise of slavery in the region. Before the colonies arrived, people on the South formed villages and they fought against each other for resources and food. People who have been captured in the war are captive or war prisoner. Snyder stated “captives usually arrived in Native communities as prisoners of war or as chattel via trade. Still others came voluntarily…hoping that their captors would choose to adopt them” (5) and slavery is a kind of captive. She pointed out that captive and slavery had existed long before the colonies arrived. She explained captive was a form of slave in war, which points out that slavery exist before the Colonies arrived. She said in the b...
Writing around the same time period as Phillips, though from the obverse vantage, was Richard Wright. Wright’s essay, “The Inheritors of Slavery,” was not presented at the American Historical Society’s annual meeting. His piece is not festooned with foot-notes or carefully sourced. It was written only about a decade after Phillips’s, and meant to be published as a complement to a series of Farm Credit Administration photographs of black Americans. Wright was not an academic writing for an audience of his peers; he was a novelist acceding to a request from a publisher. His essay is naturally of a more literary bent than Phillips’s, and, because he was a black man writing ...
“…From my earliest recollection, “I date the entertainment of a deep conviction that slavery would not always be able to hold me within its foul embrace…” (50).
In the mid 1800’s trade with Native Americans in the North West was extremely popular. One of the names associated with early trade in the North West is Hudson’s Bay Company. Hudson’s Bay was an English company that would trade goods to the indigenous people for furs, provisions, and other things. Trade with Native Americans was extremely popular during this time because the Native Americans desperately wanted what the Europeans had. That is why I think that the Europeans were benefited more by this trade agreement then the indigenous people of the North West.
He does this by showing the awful conditions on the transports ships, the savagery of their masters, and the spread of disease on the ships. In an effort to show the terrible conditions of the ships, the author writes,” The fresh air being thus excluded, the Negroes ' rooms soon grow intolerable hot. The confined air, …soon produces fevers and fluxes which generally carries off great numbers of them” (2). The author is directing his document to the general public, as slavery was rampant at this time. He wants to show people that slavery is wrong and inhumane. He writes about how inhumanely the African Americans were selected by the Europeans in order to become slaves for them. The document is a firsthand account, and the author describes being on some on the ships himself while the slaves were being transported. Like the slaves, the author gets sick while he is on the ship. On his time on one of the transports, he writes,”…I nearly fainted, and it was only with assistance I could get back on deck. The consequence was that I soon after fell sick of the same disorder from which I did not recover for several months” (2). This article was written in a time where it was not very popular to be Anti-Slavery, so the author had a lot of courage to do what he did. His neighbors and a few family members were likely utilizing slaves at the time,
In this narrative which was published in 1845, entails the early life of Douglass all the way up to his escape from slavery. Eventually, living in New York coming to the realizations that being a refugee and hiding from the law was not an easy task or way of living, seeking and agreeing to the help of abolitionists, Douglass traveled to Massachusetts in attempt to reconstruct his ways of living and being a free man. In the works of reconstructing his life and pursuing many different and rational ideas that would lead him to escape the idea of slavery, Douglass presented himself at an anti-slavery meeting in which gained himself two companions who were abolitionists. John A. Collins and William Lloyd Garrison were his new abolitionist friends whom helped Douglass get a job in lecturing which eventually led to him becoming a popular speaker months later.
Though the Atlantic Slave Trade began in 1441, it wasn’t until nearly a century later that Europeans actually became interested in slave trading on the West African coast. “With no interest in conquering the interior, they concentrated their efforts to obtain human cargo along the West African coast. During the 1590s, the Dutch challenged the Portuguese monopoly to become the main slave trading nation (“Africa and the Atlantic Slave Trade”, NA). Besides the trading of slaves, it was also during this time that political changes were being made. The Europe...
The author, Peter Kolchin, tried to interpret the true history of slavery. He wants the readers to understand the depth to which the slaves lived under bondage. In the book, he describes the history of the Colonial era and how slavery began. He shows us how the eighteenth century progressed and how American slavery developed. Then it moves onto the American Revolution, and how the American slaves were born into class. It was this time that slave population was more than twice it had been. The Revolutionary War had a major impact on slavery and on the slaves.
Klein, Herbert S. The middle passage: Comparative studies in the Atlantic slave trade. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press , 1978. 282. Print.
In the “Interpretive Essay”, Kenneth Banks discuses the consequences of the Atlantic slave trade. The negative effects on the Africans due to the Atlantic slave trade range from the influence on Africans societies and warfare, inhumane and atrocious living and working conditions, decrease of their population, and the long-term impact of bigotry. During the Atlantic save trade’s peak, the movement to abolish slavery started because it went against certain religious beliefs, several thinkers saw it as inefficient, and was unethical.
This excellent biography fluently tells the life story of Douglass; one of the 19th centuries's most famous writers and speakers on abolitionist and human rights causes. It traces his life from his birth as a slave in Maryland, through his self-education, escape to freedom, and subsequent lionization as a renowned orator in England and the United States. Fascinating, too, are accounts of the era's politics, such as the racist views held by some abolitionist leaders and the ways in which many policies made in post-Civil War times have worked to the detriment of today's civil rights movement. The chapter on Frederick Douglass and John Brown is, in itself, interesting enough to commend this powerful biography. The seldom-seen photographs, the careful chapter notes, documentation, and acknowledgements will encourage anybody to keep on learning about Frederick Douglass.
In the 21st century, slavery and the Atlantic Slave Trade are viewed as immoral and quite possibly the most horrifying treatment known to man by society and foreign leaders but, was the same view regarded in the 17th century? The short primary sources, “Nzinga Mbemba: Appeal to the King of Portugal”, and “Captain Thomas Phillips: Buying Slaves in 1639”, enables individuals to identify how foreign leaders, specifically the kings of African nations, conducted the issue of slavery and the slave trade. In the words of Nzinga Mbemba and Captain Phillips, the kings of Congo and Ouidah both knowingly accepted slavery in their country but, had strikingly opposing views concerning the Atlantic Slave Trade; King Mbemba prohibited the trading of slaves whereas the King of Ouidah welcomed slave trading.
His work is filled with grammatical errors that often times distract the reader from the strong and essential message of the literature. One of his most fatal flaws is refusal to disclose his escape from slavery. He only briefly mentions his departure and states it was a long and hard journey. He refuses to explain his escape to cause slaveholders to suffer from a lack of knowledge of their weaknesses and inadequacies. He also does not want to prevent the freeing of other slaves by disclosing of their method of escape to their masters. His reasoning is understandable, yet it also takes away from the suspense that was built by waiting for his great escape to freedom. He also abruptly mentions his fiancée once he arrives in New York. The reader does not receive any warning or knowledge about her until their union. He informs the reader that she was a free woman from Baltimore, which raises questions about how they meet and communicated through his life as a slave. Overall, his few confusions and errors do not diminish the effectiveness of his
In this paper I ask, how did slavery begin in Ghana? What impact did it have on Ghana? How badly is Ghana underdeveloped due to this enslavement that took place? Lovejoy, Northrup, and Rodney argue that the transatlantic slave trade did in fact contribute to the underdevelopment of Africa. I support their arguments and believe the trade didn’t exactly “destroy” Ghana, but it did affect it by not letting the country improve faster, although eventually Ghana was able to depart from that “underdeveloped” category.