Table Of Contents
II. INTRO 1
III. Define Motivation 1
IV. Hierarchy of Needs 1 - 2
V. INTRINSIC REWARDS 2
VI. EXTRINSIC REWARDS 2 - 4
VII. CONTENT MOTIVATION 4
ERG Theory 4
Two Factor Theory 4 - 5
VIII. PROCESS MOTIVATION 5
Equity Theory 5
Goal-Setting Theory 5 - 6
Expectancy Theory 6
IX. CONCLUSION 7
X. WORKS CITED 8
II. INTRO
One of the key aspects of management is motivating. Finding the right form of motivation is a problem that’s been around ever since motivation in the work place was conceived as an idea. As of now, there are several theories to what kind of motivation works the best to get an employee motivated to produce their best work. Unfortunately, many try motivating employees by using extrinsic rewards, such as cash or the like. What they don’t realize is that in the long run, this is making their employees less productive than they were to start with.
III. Define Motivation
To be able to understand what motivates someone, we first must look at what motivation is. According to Webster’s dictionary, motivation is something (as a need or desire) that causes a person to act (Dictionary). Motivation is also said to be an inner desire to satisfy an unsatisfied need. What this is telling us is that we are motivated if we need or desire something. Motivation is based upon a satisfaction of something deep inside us.
IV. Hierarchy of Needs
There was a famous Psychological theorist by the name of Abraham Maslow. Maslow is well known for his theory known as the Hierarchy of Needs. Maslow’s hierarchy is set up in a pyramid starting with the most basic needs at the bottom and working up to the most advanced needs. He claimed that we as humans are motivated by unsatisfied needs. Also, certain lower needs have to be satisfied before higher needs can be obtained. At the lowest level, we need certain physical needs, such as food, air, and water. Next up, we need safety. We need order and security to satisfy this stage. Above this we find love. We need to feel like we belong, and that we can communicate with others. After this we have esteem as the need. We need to feel achievement, status, prestige, and mastery. The highest level of the hierarchy is self actualization. This involves true personal fulfillment...
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...used today by managers in the workplace to promote motivation. Intrinsic rewards are the key to motivating employees to give you high performance. It’s up to you to choose which will work the best to motivate your employees to do their best work. Remember, that your employees are motivated most when they are able to appreciate the motivation.
X. WORKS CITED
1) “33 Tips That Keep Staff Motivated & Effective as Recession Grinds On.” Accounting Department Management & Administration Report Jan.2002: 3.
2) Barrier, Michael. “Improving Worker Performance.” Nation’s Business 84 (1996): 28.
3) Bowen, Brayton R. “Intrinsic Rewards.” PPB Online Oct 2003: http://www.ppai.org/Publications/PPB/article.asp?NewsID=1972
4) Dictionary.com “Motivation” http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=motivation
5) Lamey, Andy. “Can You Be Healthy, Wealthy and Wise? Studies show Materialism Linked to Poverty, Illness.” National Post 23 October 2002: AL4.
6) Lussier, Robert N. Management Fundamentals. Second Edition. Massachusetts. Thomson Southwestern, 2003. Pgs 377-396
7) Tan, Victor S.L. “Six Common Motivational Flaws.” New Straits Times 8 Feb 2003: 2-EX.
Alison Bechdel states in a Boston Globe article (2017) “Alison Bechdel, bringing it all back ‘Home’”
“There is no difference in work in which a women sells her hands, such as a typist, and a work in which a women sells her vagina, as in sex work.” Claims author Lacy Sloan. In today’s society, many people believe that prostitution is an immoral act. It is the world’s oldest profession and because it has been long condemned, sex workers are stigmatized from mainstream society (ProQuest Staff). However, the act of purchasing sex between consenting adults should not be prohibited by the government, but regulated for society's overall best interests. Prostitution is illegal and as a consequence prostitutes are often victims of violence and sexual assault; therefore, prostitution should be legalized and regulated to ensure the safety of sex workers.
In the short story “Devolution”, the Arctarians show Woodin visions of how the past descendants have changed into the pathetic life forms, also known as, human beings. With this new eye-opening information, Woodin has a change of heart with his research of the evolution of humans and begins to see the truth of how the human race is degrading itself and that there is no hope for the future with the path the humans are following. In the short story “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas”, the child that lives in the underground basement under the utopian city of Omelas, is there to give the people of Omelas joy and grace while the child rots away in the basement. There is no hope that the child will ever be loved for, or even cared for because if this were to happen, the utopian society will be destroyed and vanish into thin air. The short story of “A Saucer of Loneliness” shows hopelessness when the protagonist decides to dispose of herself when nobody in the world loves her or cares whether she is alive or not. All everyone cares about is the information the flying saucer said to her because they have no interest in her whatsoever. She feels hopeless and unwanted by society and by the world because the only reason people want to speak to her is to find out the information given to her by the
He produced over five hundred concertos for almost every combination of instruments including solo, trio sonatas, instrumental sinfonias and an impressive body of sacred music which included oratorios, masses and motets. He also composed 46 operas and 73 sonatas in addition to chamber music and sacred music. Twenty-one of his operas have made their way to today, but their full artistic and dramatic power is yet to be determined. Vivaldi's highly distinctive and recognizable musical style had a profound impact on many contemporaries and future composers. One of them was Giuseppe Tartini. His greatest influence was in the development of the concerto. Vivaldi has been credited with inventing or at least regularizing "ritornello form." This usually employed fast movements in which a "refrain" played by the full ensemble alternates with freer, modulatory episodes played by the solo instruments. Vivaldi’s deft coordination of melody and harmony was much admired by Johann Sebastian Bach who absorbed the Italian style through his study and transcription of his concertos and trio-sonatas. This influence is particularly apparent in Bach's Brandenburg Concertos. Other distinctive elements of Vivaldi's style included a fluid alternation of major and minor tonalities, a highly progressive use of dissonance and rich harmonies, and an innate melodic gift particularly in slow movements. His vocal music has been criticized for perfunctory text-setting and violinist vocal writing, but there are examples of great skill and inspiration in this genre such as his Gloria or Magnificat and his virtuosic and highly expressive motets for solo voice. Vivaldi was unquestionably a master orchestrator who explored the idiomatic potential of the many instruments for which he wrote. The Four Seasons for example, not only illustrates his skills in writing for the virtuoso violinist, but also his ability to depict extra musical or programmatic ideas in a manner that
Vivaldi's music is particularly innovative as he gave brightness to the formal and the rhythmic structure of concertos. He repeatedly looked for harmonic contrasts, creating innovative melodies and themes. Vivaldi’ main goal was to create a musical piece meant to be appreciated by the wide public, and not only by an intellectual minority. The joyful appearance of his music reveals a transmittable joy of composing. These are among the causes of the vast popularity of his music. This popularity soon made him famous also in countries like France, at the time very closed into its national schemes. He is considered one of the authors that brought Baroque music to evolve into an impressionist style.
Intrinsic and extrinsic types of motivation have been widely studied and the understanding of each has led to great changes in how organizations run their businesses. It is clear that hourly employees have many great extrinsic motivators but lack intrinsic motivation in their job assignments which is a characteristic of our work culture. Changing the culture is one of the keys to improving motivation at that level of the organization because the best motivation occurs when employees perform because they want to and not because they are being made to do so.
Vivaldi was very productive in vocal and instrumental concerti. He was nervous and not religious. To a recent research, he composed more than 700 pieces, from sonatas and operas, all the way to concertos. For example, one could have instrumental and vocal pieces and some with 3 to 4 movements or 1 to 2 vocal performers against a full
John Warrack, author of 6 Great Composers, stated, “Any study of a composer, however brief, must have as its only purpose encouragement of the reader to greater enjoyment of the music” (Warrack, p.2). The composers and musicians of the Renaissance period need to be discussed and studied so that listeners, performers, and readers can appreciate and understand the beginnings of music theory and form. The reader can also understand the driving force of the composer, whether sacred or secular, popularity or religious growth. To begin understanding music composition one must begin at the birth, or rebirth of music and the composers who created the great change.
...itution is legal, state law insists on monthly testing of sex workers, and prohibition of employment as a sex worker should they not meet those requirements. These requirements include monthly blood tests for human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV) and syphilis, as well as tests to prove the absence of gonorrhea, and weekly tests for Chlamydia. The legalization of prostitution in first world countries would protect the patrons, not only the women.
Mullins (2002) also classifies motivation into Intrinsic and Extrinsic types. Intrinsic motivation involves psychological rewards to enhance job satisfaction, such as the opportunity to use one's ability, a sense of achievement, receiving appreciation and positive recognition or being treated in a considerate manner (Mullins, 2002:P490). Such methods ensure employees are constantly motivated while being engaged in activities that are enjoyable and rewarding.
Prostitution is one of the most controversial subjects in the United States. There are many pros and cons to this subject. Should prostitution be legalized? Or should it stay illegal with no chance of becoming decriminalized? Some researchers confirm that prostitution is indeed the most ancient profession, while others argue with it; however, everybody agrees that trading sex for money has existed for quite a while. Prostitution is still a part of modern society. The fact speaks for itself, as there will always be a demand for the services that it provides, prostitution will exist in some form no matter what.
It's not about giving people things, but more so about one’s daily gestures and what one says to everyone each day. Being kind might be tough at times but in the end avoiding a rude comment is much better than saying one. There are so many ways to show others that being kind is important so don’t be afraid to try some out. Looking into it further, if everyone in the world was kind, we could avoid conflicts from small fights on the streets to world wars because everyone would be able to communicate and compromise with one another in a civilized
Sexual objectification of women is viewing them solely as de-personalized objects of desire instead of as individuals of complex personalities, which is done by speaking or thinking of women solely by their physical attributes. Sexuality has been a controversial topic for a long time, and there have been many thinkers pondering on its effects on societies and cultures all over the world. The physical expression of sexuality is fundamental and universal. What differs is how cultures, religions and societies construe and influence both the setting in which sexual intercourse between men and women occurs and the type of relationships in which pregnancy is encouraged. The idea behind this form of controlled sexual behavior, which was enforced by culture and society, was to promote family health and welfare, and thereby create healthy societies for the survival and expansion of mankind. Prostitution, the practice of selling one’s body for the purpose of another’s sexual gratification, has existed throughout history in all parts of the world. Prostitution is considered by many a shameful, degrading, and abusive practice that fosters crime, exposes prostitutes to violence, increases sexually transmitted diseases and child prostitution, disrupts family values, and promotes sex trafficking. Legalization of prostitution has not only failed to empower the women in prostitution, but has strengthened the sex industry and the crimes associated with it.
According to Greenberg (1999) motivation is defined "as a process of arousing, directing and maintaining behaviour towards a goal." Where directing' refers to the selection of a particular behaviour; and maintenance' refers to the inclination to behave with consistency in that manner until the desired outcome is met.
Motivation is the driving force to the will and desire to be successful or to achieve something. Motivation can also be said as to the success of a stimulus or stimuli to avoid failure. People with motivation means he has acquired the strength to excel in life either in the world or the hereafter or both.