E-commerce: Security and Privacy
As the evolution of the internet and purchasing online becomes popular, so do the security factors that contribute to the ways of eliminating fraud, theft, and acquiring personal information. E-commerce has created many new ways for customers to make payments including e-cash, e-cheques, and e-wallets. In the 21st century, many organizations worked hard at securing communications and payments made through e-commerce transactions. In doing so, customers would be able to feel a sense of trust, confidence and assurance that their information is safe. Many technological developments are being tested and today even implemented through that very system, of e-payments. Already being used today are smart-cards and e-wallets, which in fact work well at creating a safeguard for customers information. Customers now have the convenience of quick and more efficient ways of making transactions and saving data effortlessly with the click of a button. Authentication programs such as VeriSign Secure Site Program, allows one to learn more about web sites users visited before they submit any confidential information, in addition to permitting one to submit sensitive information like one’s own credit card number. Such programs are being used on sites such as Ryerson’s website, where students can make payments through the system where credit card information is used. Public key infrastructure and digital certificates help companies battle the wave of illegal activity and enhance the business models. Today many businesses are using firewalls as a way to add security to a network. Virtual Private Network allows users to gain secure access to its organizations network. Companies that have used these technologies are paving the way for future security methods. Encryption and decryption are always used whenever secure sites are accessed so that users that enter information can not be accessed by unauthorized people. 56 bit used before and the 128-bit encryption is becoming the standard at the moment.
Many companies who conduct business electronically have the responsibility of making sure that when payments are made over the Internet, accuracy and security become extremely critical. The main concern with electronic payment is the level of security during each step of the transaction. For if there is the slightest possibility the payment sys...
... middle of paper ...
...t. It also prevents viruses and other malicious attacks at the gateway and furthermore, notifies users if any foul intrusions are detected. Detailed login and accounting information is also noted to give notification on all the communication attempts within the system.
As e-commerce continues to grow internet security and privacy becomes more and more of a challenge in the forseeable future. People are still concerned about giving their information online. Therefore it is up to the retailers to assure their customers that making a purchase online is safe and secure. The use of 56-bit and 128-bit encryption technology has definitely helped ease the minds of customers by offering them a sense of security. However, there is no gaurantee that this security measure can prevent hackers from cracking the code if they really wanted to.
In the future, there will be a greater dependence on the Internet than ever before, and not just for e-commerce, but also for control of critical infrastructure (power generation, communications, transportation, etc.). While this will bring great efficiency, it also means that the downside of a severe attack on the Internet will be greater than ever.
In the film Quinceañera (2006), it shows controversial issues that Latinos are known to displease including teen pregnancy, being gay, and not conforming to the family’s religion. Carlos, one of the movie’s main characters, has been dishonored and kicked out
To conclude, this essay has looked at several ways in which the melting pot myth has been represented in Once Upon a Quinceañera by Julia Alvarez. Practicing one’s cultural beliefs is a very noble idea because it keeps ones culture alive and passed down from one generation to the next. This is what Alvarez describes in her book regarding the quinceañera tradition. However, these coming of age celebrations in America have encountered the MTV era where festivities focus more on the extravagance than on the real coming of age Hispanic culture. Quinceañeras have now become corrupted because they teach girls how to behave irresponsibly when they become women. Furthermore, the ritual itself has now become a show off. It is for these reasons that Alvarez fears the future generation will totally deviate from the original intent of holding quinces.
Envision stepping into the room, seeing your guess smile and talk quietly, the atmosphere of the room glowing, and feeling the warmth grow inside your chest as you know you planned a successful Quinceanera. The day a girl of the hispanic culture turns 15, is the day her fantasies come to life; and she becomes a women. Quinceaneras carry lots of quarks, small details, and ideas; but with these simple steps it can be perfected.
The Quinceañera, which turns a 15-year old Latino girl into a woman on her birthday, is important and should continue being practiced because it contains strong cultural values. These cultural values along with messages about faith and sexuality are some beneficial outcomes of the Quinceañera. In the end, these benefits make the event worth the cost. For example, in On La Quinceañera, Jan Risher says, “The Reyes family said the expense was worth it, even if they will only now begin saving for college” (2). This is an example of a person who was satisfied by these outcomes. While some people argue that the Quinceañera is too extravagant and expensive for a rite of passage, the fact is that the actual benefits last for a lifetime. For example, in On La Quinceañera, Risher says, “Sometimes a defining point, even a choreographed one, helps bring home the fact of one’s place in the world” (2). This is a great example of one of the long-lasting benefits of this rite o...
A Cuban tradition that is practiced is when a girl turns fifteen. "This day is more important than her wedding," said the girl's proud father. "She goes from being a girl to a woman." This day is known as the girl’s “quince.” On this day, she would get all Dressed in a pink flowing gown and glittering crown. The girl stood at the entrance to a huge ballroom where friends and family waited to celebrate her 15th birthday. For rural Cubans, the celebration means selling a pig, taking a few photographs of the birthday girl, and holding a street party with homemade brew. Others hire a professional photographer to shoot the girl in colonial-style dresses, a bathing suit, bathrobe and other attire and also produce a video. For Cuba's wealthy few, the “quince” involves hiring a choreographer, room designer, videographer, disc jockey, makeup artist, hairstylist and others to throw an elaborate party at a five-star hotel or upscale restaurant.
When people are forced to make a choice between keeping their own roots and blending into the mainstream culture, many people tend to assimilate into the mainstream culture. Blending into the mainstream means new opportunities and better lives, but keeping old identities make them get the sense of belonging. There are numerous ways for people to keep their roots. In the essay “Once Upon a Quinceanera”, Julia Alvarez follows the female “coming-of-age” tradition known among Hispanic communities as quinceanera. In the end, she finds in order to give young Latina women a sense of empowerment and individual importance, the tradition must be redefined in a way that reflects and embodies the values and desires of
Immigrants come to America, the revered City upon a Hill, with wide eyes and high hopes, eager to have their every dream and wild reverie fulfilled. Rarely, if ever, is this actually the case. A select few do achieve the stereotypical ‘rags to riches’ transformation – thus perpetuating the myth. The Garcia family from Julia Alvarez’s book How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accents, fall prey to this fairytale. They start off the tale well enough: the girls are treated like royalty, princesses of their Island home, but remained locked in their tower, also known as the walls of their family compound. The family is forced to flee their Dominican Republic paradise – which they affectionately refer to as simply, the Island – trading it instead for the cold, mean streets of American suburbs. After a brief acclimation period, during which the girls realize how much freedom is now available to them, they enthusiastically try to shed their Island roots and become true “American girls.” They throw themselves into the American lifestyle, but there is one slight snag in their plan: they, as a group, are unable to forget their Island heritage and upbringing, despite how hard they try to do so. The story of the Garcia girls is not a fairytale – not of the Disney variety anyway; it is the story of immigrants who do not make the miraculous transition from rags to riches, but from stifling social conventions to unabridged freedom too quickly, leaving them with nothing but confusion and unresolved questions of identity.
All birthdays are special. Birthdays celebrate life and the passing of time. In a young Mexican girl life, there is no birthday more important then her quinceañera. The quinceañera is a celebration of a girl’s journey into womanhood. The story of my fifteenth birthday is contributed for a better understanding of how special it is to celebrate a girl’s transformation into a lady, and how it differs from any other birthday she celebrates.
I started noticing the small things that made up my culture. Such as our own version of the Happy Birthday song called Las Mañanitas, the traditional cake to the face, and the food we ate. I noticed that the food I ate at home and the Hispanic community parties differed from my school food or the fast food joints. The cake to the face was another small tradition we held at every party just for fun and giggles. Las Mañanitas became a song that every child memorized as they grew older to sing before the blowing of the candles. The song is a small part of our culture, which unites us as a Hispanic community. The song creates a special moment where people unite to celebrate and share their happiness with someone
For thousands of years cryptography and encryption have been used to secure communication. Military communication has been the leader of the use of cryptography and the advancements. From the start of the internet there has been a greater need for the use of cryptography. The computer had been invented in the late 1960s but there was not a widespread market for the use of computers really until the late 1980s, where the World Wide Web was invented in 1989. This new method of communication has called for a large need for information security. The internet allows people to communicate sensitive information, and if received into the wrong hands can cause many problems for that person.
The digital era arrives. Blue Book information editorial board and Social Science Literature Publishing House (2010) pointed out that “China's e-commerce transaction volume reached 3.85 trillion yuan in 2009”. Utilisation of e-business services was also high amongst Hong Kong people. About 98.3% of all persons had used e-business services such as Octopus Card and Automatic Teller Machine (Census and Statistics Department, 2009). One of the pitfalls for the development of e-business, however, is the concerns on consumer privacy. According to Green’s (1999) survey, 54% of respondents had decided not to purchase a product because of a concern on overuse of personal information collected in the e-business transaction. This essay examines the circumstance on protection of consumer privacy in e-business. As e-business is surging by astronomical number and consumer information is a kind of property, the protection of consumer privacy in e-business becomes significant. This essay begins with the causes of the problem, and then move on to analyse the effects. Lastly, the essay concludes with the solutions to the problem.
In this era when the Internet provides essential communication between tens of millions of people and is being increasingly used as a tool for security becomes a tremendously important issue to deal with, So it is important to deal with it. There are many aspects to security and many applications, ranging from secure commerce and payments to private communications and protecting passwords. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography. But it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient. Cryptography is the science of writing in secret code and is an ancient art; In the old age people use to send encoded message which can be understand by the receiver only who know the symbolic and relative meaning of that encoded message .The first documented use of cryptography in writing dates back to circa 1900 B.C. Egyptian scribe used non-standard hieroglyphs in an inscription. After writing was invented cryptography appeared spontaneously with applications ranging from diplomatic missives to war-time battle plans. It is no surprise, then, that new forms of cryptography came soon after the widespread development of computer communications. In telecommunications and data cryptography is necessary when communicating in any untrusted medium, which includes any network, particularly the Internet [1].Within the context of any application-to-application communication, there are some security requirements, including:
Have you ever had something happen in your life it made you so happy you still remember? I do. I remember the day my mother made a surprise party for me. She knew that turning fifteen in a Latina's world meant so much. My mother couldn’t afford to do me a Quinceañera- the celebration of a girl's fifteenth birthday in parts of Latin America . It is celebrated differently from any other birthday, as it marks the change from adolescent to young womanhood.A Quinceañera is a celebration in which a girl turns fifteen which in the Spanish speaking countries it is a recognition of her journey from adolescent to young womanhood. It starts out with a religious ceremony. Afterwards comes the reception which is held at home or at a banquet hall. The celebration includes food, music, choreographed dances or waltz (performed by the quinceañera and her court). A court is made up of fourteen people ( seven young girls and seven young men) plus the quinceañera making it fifteen. She wears a ball gown. Normally the gown’s color is chosen to be white or pink but in last few years it has changed as more trends come out. Some dresses are now chosen to be blue, purple, yellow, orange, red, and even black. As I was growing up I started hearing about girls turning fifteen getting ready to plan their parties and inviting people to their quinces. They would say they would get a DJ or a Mexican/ Guatemalan group to come sing at their party.
Cyber crime has become an important concern for not only the business firms, government, law enforcement agencies but also for the common people because these kinds of issues are related to the consumer’s day-to-day activity (Polivanyuk, 2005). Due to these types of crimes, consumer’s money, children, business organization’s integrity, consumer and company’s privacy, etc. are in danger.
From PayPal to Debit cards, from EFT to Credit cards, this modern world has been inundated with new ways of making business transactions. Instead of the conventional use of dollars and nickels, now there are electronic payment systems. These types of systems allow for better trust and acceptance between consumer and businesses. In the traditional way of buying a product, one would see a product in person, and pay for it with cash or credit. In e-commerce, the business uploads images of its products online and it enables its customers to shop it using any type of electronic payment system.