America's Antitrust Legislation and the New Global Economy
John Kenneth Galbraith in The New Industrial State argued that U.S. anti-
trust legislation is a result of outdated arguments about the need to preserve “free
enterprise” and the competitive market. Galbraith stated, that large corporations in
modern economies may need to limit competition in order to achieve efficiency and
compete with foreign imports in the new global economy.
I agree with this statement. When a corporation becomes big and starts
to grow and expand they will soon gain control of their market. Once a company has
gained control of their market, within their nation, they can focus their attention on
competing in the global market for their product. More effort can now be directed
towards, achieving efficiency, and the improvement of their particular product. And
since their only competition is foreign competition they can spend less money on
advertising and other cost consuming practices of competition.
A monopoly is a market situation in which there is only one seller of a
particular good or service. When companies exercise monopoly power they act as if they
were monopolies. Government regulation of big business/monopoly power arose because
of the following accusations: monopolies raise prices, monopolies reduce output and
living standards, monopolies are inefficient and wasteful, monopolies are intensive to
consumer demand, monopolies engage in unfair competition, monopolies help bring on
recessions and they threaten our political system.
The current antitrust laws were written without respect to the foreign
market. When these laws were created the foreign market was not as b...
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...ade, I
would allow to remain illegal, but I would not describe monopoly power, or attempting
to limit competition as a restraint of trade. I would allow the FTC to remain in action,
but only to prevent unfair trade practices, which does not include limiting competition,
and false or misleading advertising.
The ideas of John Kenneth Galbraith are, in my opinion, true. The antitrust
legislation in the US is outdated and based on outdated arguments. In our
current economy we have more foreign competition than ever. In order to be efficient,
and compete with foreign imports companies must limit competition. We now have to
compete within the new global economy and not just our domestic one. As times and
economies change, so should our laws relating to it.
The Hammurabi’s code was an important code in the 18th century BC of the Babylonian empire. The ruler of the Babylonian empire was Hammurabi, one of the great King at that time period, from 1792 to 1750 BC. The main aim of Hammurabi was to unite the Mesopotamia empire, which he did under his rule from about 1800 to 1750 B.C.E. In view of achieving his goals, Hammurabi formed a legal set of codes called the Hammurabi’s law code. Hammurabi wanted these codes to be visible to all, therefore these codes were carved apon a black stone monument, eight feet high in public view so that everyone will be able to see it and understand the rules of it.
Thinking historically while conducting counterinsurgency in the 21st century poses questions regarding how to develop political and strategic plans. This bibliographic essay will examine the political and military aspect of fighting counterinsurgent warfare by 20th century theorists Galula’s, “Counterinsurgency Warfare Theory and Practice” and Trinquier’s, “Counterinsurgency Warfare Theory and Practice”. Strategy in fighting guerilla wars will be discussed by comparing conflicts in battles and ideologies from the past to current day. Moreover, ways to avoid the one size fits all war mentality when combating modern day insurgents will be recommended.
Five years into his title, King Hammurabi started his attacks by conquering the cities of Uruk and Isin to the south in 1787 B.C.E. (The Code of Hammurabi). Over the next fourteen years Hammurabi used the time to strengthen his cities towards enemies on his northern borders. “In 1763 B.C.E. he conquered the city of Larsa, which was the final piece to make possible for him to take over the final remaining cities in the south” (The Code of Hammurabi). He followed this victory with an invasion of Mari, completing his rule over Mesopotamia.
Hammurabi was the King of Babylonia from about 1790 BC to 1750 BC Hammurabi is believed to be the sixth ruler of the Amorite Dynasty. Although he was a successful governmental and military leader, his name will always be known for his Codes of Law. Hammurabi was the first King ever to record all the Laws of his Empire. He had a black stone carved with the 282 laws of Babylonia. On top of the stone sits a statue of a God handing the laws to Hammurabi. Because of his codes, Hammurabi was an immensely influential leader.
These laws promote the welfare of his people, their land and property, much like many governmental structures around the world today. Hammurabi states that he created these laws to maintain an equal balance to insure “that the strong might not oppress the weak.” King Hammurabi strongly believed that he was chosen to by the gods to bring “justice to the oppressed.” This is much like the role of Moses in The Book of Exodus, who was also summoned to provide justice and protection. By creating these laws in a way he tried combat violence with fear. If the individuals know what will happen if they break these rules, they will become hesitant to commit the crime. While his consequences may seem inhumane and cruel today, this historic document allows us to view what life might have been like in the city-state of Babylon during this time and made way for varies other types of governmental structures that formed in the following
When a monopoly occurs because it is more efficient for one firm to serve an entire market than for two or more firms to do so, because of the sort of economies of scales available in that market. A common example is water distribution, in which the main cost is laying a network of pipes to deliver water.
The Code of Hammurabi was written by King Hammurabi, who began ruling the Babylonian Empire in about 1800 BC. Hammurabi came to power using his strengths as a military leader, conquering many smaller city-states to create his Empire. Hammurabi believed that the gods appointed him to bring justice and order to his people, and he took this duty very seriously. Not long after his ascent to power, he created his Code, 282 laws written to define all relationships and aspects of life in the kingdom. The laws were displayed in a public place so that all the people could have the opportunity to study them. The laws applied to everyone, though application of the laws and punishment differed according to social class. The punishments for disobeying the laws were swift and harsh, further encouraging compliance.
Fracking has become a highly controversial and publicized topic due to rising concerns and growing analysis into the mutual benefits of hydraulic fracturing to retrieve natural gas and oil reserves. With concerns of water pollution, mismanagement of toxic waste and irreversible
There once was a time where dinosaurs roamed the earth. Some dinosaurs were stronger than others, making them the superior creatures. The Tyrannosaurus Rex is not that different from a corporate empire; both T-Rexes and monopolies ruled the land with little to no competition. They devoured the weak, crushed the opposition, and made sure they were king, but then, all of a sudden, they were extinct. The giants that once were predators became prey, whether it be a natural disaster or the Antitrust laws they no longer had control over the whole. The Antitrust laws have had a positive impact on American society through restricting monopolies; ensuring that no single business can control a market then using that power to exploit customers, protecting the public from price fixing, and producing new higher quality and innovative products through competition.
The concept of organizational cultures was first raised in 1970s, and soon became a fashionable topic. Organizational culture is the shared beliefs, values and behaviours of the group. Theorists of organizations believe that organizational culture represents the pattern of behaviours, values, and beliefs of an organization. Hence, studies around organizational culture have been seen as great helpful and essential for understanding organizations and their behaviours. Additionally, organizational culture has been considered to be an important determinant of organizational success. Therefore, leaders and managers pay more than more attentions on this topic, focusing on constructing and managing organizational cultures.
Monopolies have a tendency to be bad for the economy. Granted, there are some that are a necessity of life such as natural and legal monopolies. However, the article I have chosen to review is “America’s Monopolies are Holding Back the Economy (Lynn, 2017)” and the name speaks for itself.
In a perfectly competitive market structure, there must be many firms in the market competing for business. In contrast to this, within a monopoly there is only one firm operating in the market. A firm that is operating within a perfect market is referred to as a price taker. Duffy (1993, pg. 107) explains that a condition of working within a perfectly competitive market is that “a price taker cannot control the price of the goods it sells; it simply takes the market price as given.”
A monopoly is a market structure in which there is only one producer/seller for a product or service. In other words, the single business is the industry. That individual producer/seller has the power to influence the market prices and decisions. In a very extreme case, a monopolist could be the only owner and seller of a product or service in an industry. A monopoly has an enormous amount of buyers and it has no big competitors what so ever. This is because it has the power to destroy competition. A monopoly controls the prices of the goods and is the price maker as well. Unlike in a perfect competitive market, consumers/customers in a monopolistic market do not have perfect information on the products or services they buy. Consumers have limited choices and have to choose from what it is supplied. The monopolist asserts all the power while the consumers are left with no choice. For example: Imagine if Comcast was the only mass-media company that was able to supply cable TV. If anybody would want to watch TV, they would need to purchase Comcast’s cable service at any given price, as it would be the only cable TV provider.
According to TIMOTHY J. PERRI, he explains that a monopoly is a firm who is the sole seller of its product, and where there are no close substitutes. (WINTER 1984) Monopoly arises as a result of many factors coming to play into the existence of a monopoly. Some of these factors are the location and owning of a key resource by a firm, an exclusive right given to a firm by a government to produce a certain kind of good, and a very high cost of producing a good and among others. As a result of there being a monopoly, it gives
A monopoly is the control or possession in the supply or trade of a commodity or service. Monopolists tend to keep prices high and restrict outputs showing little or no responsiveness to the needs of their customers. Because of this, most governments tend to control monopolies to keep them in check. However, most governments tend to create monopolies for national security, for competing economically internationally, or where most producers would be wasteful or pointless. While monopolies exist in varying degrees, no firm has total monopoly in this era of globalization.