Cambodia
Cambodia finally experienced its first year of peace in over 30 years. This may look attractive to many investors. In this profile report, Cambodia’s demographics, economy, political environment, investment laws, socio-cultural risk, and technological environments will be discussed.
Demographics
· Poor and young population
The EUI estimates the population was around 11.3 million in 1998 based on a UN Population Fund/ Cambodian government survey in December 1996. Estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (CIA Factbook 2000). The annual per head income in 1997 is estimated at $243 (EIU Country Profile). According to the Central Intelligence Agency in 2000, it is estimated that 42% of the population are under15 years of age. This suggests that the future population growth rate will be high.
Source: CIA World Factbook 2000
· Other Ethnic Groups
Most of the population, about 90%, is of Khmer ethnic origin (EIU Country Profile). In the highlands there are several other groups. The three largest are the Vietnamese (around 500,000), the Chinese (around 300,000), and the Cham & Malay Muslims (around 130,000). Racism against the Vietnamese is common (EIU Country Profile). The ethnic Chinese have re-established themselves during the 1990s as a major economic force, after having suffered persecution at the hands of the Khmer Rough (EIU Country Profile).
· Poor education
Cambodia’s education is one of the lowest in the world. At the end of the Pol Pot era formal education had ceased, and many educated Cambodians had left the country or had been killed (EIU Country Profile). 65% of people over the age of 15 cannot read or write (CIA World Factbook 2000).
Higher educational level opportunities are inadequate, resulting in shortages of skilled labor. The lack of skilled workers is a problem both for investors and for government efforts to improve public administration. Budgetary constraints limit the scope for developing education.
(EIU Country Profile)
Economic Environment
· Economic Growth
In 2000 the EIU is forecasting GDP growth of 5.5%, rising to ...
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...e most promising because of the already present skilled workforce.
But the most importing factor in investing in this country is political stability. Cambodia has just only recently attained political stability. There is still tension between the political parties. My recommendation would be to wait a year or two.
Bibliography:
American Embassy, Phnom Penh. Labor Trends Report August 2000. US Embassy. Found 9/7/2000. http://www.usembassy.state.gov/posts/cb1/wwwh0020.html
Asian Development Bank, Asian Development Outlook, 1997 and 1998
Cambodia, Laos 1999-2000: Country Profile. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1999.
Cambodia, Laos 1999-2000: Country Report, 1st quarter 2000. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1999.
Cambodia. January 2000. The World Factbook 2000. CIA. Found 9/7/2000.
http://www.odce.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/cb.html
Lynch, Russ. “HEI subsidiary in deal to build power plant in Cambodia.” Honolulu Star Bulletin 20 March 1996, business.
McLellan, Janet. “An Evaluation of Resettlement and Adaptation. March 20, 2000.” Center for Refugee Studies. Found 9/7/2000. http://www.rcmp-learning.org/docs/ecdd1281.htm
The amount of funding for education was the most difficult to determine. This education system seems to be very inefficient and the huge backlog of teacher pensions restricted the more favorable budget. Well educated students leads to a more productive economy but there are many who do not take ad...
Westoby, P., & Ingamells, A. (2010), ‘A critically informed perspective of working with resettling refugee groups in Australia’, British journal of social work, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 1759-1776.
The Cambodian Genocide has the historical context of the Vietnam War and the country’s own civil war. During the Vietnam War, leading up to the conflicts that would contribute to the genocide, Cambodia was used as a U.S. battleground for the Vietnam War. Cambodia would become a battle ground for American troops fighting in Vietnam for four years; the war would kill up to 750,00 Cambodians through U.S. efforts to destroy suspected North Vietnamese supply lines. This devastation would take its toll on the Cambodian peoples’ morale and would later help to contribute that conflicts that caused the Cambodian genocide. In the 1970’s the Khmer rouge guerilla movement would form. The leader of the Khmer rouge, Pol Pot was educated in France and believed in Maoist Communism. These communist ideas would become important foundations for the ideas of the genocide, and which groups would be persecuted. The genocide it’s self, would be based on Pol Pot’s ideas to bring Cambodia back to an agrarian society, starting at the year zero. His main goal was to achieve this, romanticized idea of old Cambodia, based on the ancient Cambodian ruins, with all citizens having agrarian farming lives, and being equal to each other. Due to him wanting society to be equal, and agrarian based, the victims would be those that were educated, intellectuals, professionals, and minority ethnic g...
Vietnam’s economy is a former centrally planned economy and is now a developing planned economy and market economy. As opposed to the United Kingdom’s economy, Vietnam's economy generally focuses on the primary sector and specialises mainly in agriculture. Vietnam has become a leading agricultural exporter and relies heavily on foreign investment...
Job growth is at an all-time low, and it is because of the pay that Americans have to have in order to survive in the United States. The largest companies in the United States are finding that there are workers that are just as qualified in other countries that do not require as much pay. The article Vanishing Jobs says, “Nationally, layoffs are eliminating jobs far beyond blue-collar workers... in the ever shrinking manufacturing sector” (Katel). This quote interprets the idea that business will do anything to make a greater profit through cutting costs. Most politicians say that the issue behind job loss in the United States is because of lack of education. This to some point is true; however, the evidence provides the information to conclude that the degree holders are mostly the ones losing their jobs because of the higher wage that is obtained by the degre...
The Kingdom of Cambodia is a country that is situated within the mainland of South East Asia. Much of Cambodia's pre-colonial history revolved around the Angkor Empire, which was at the height of its power from the 900s to the 1300s, and most citizens today believe themselves to be descendants of those from the empire called Khmers. After the 1300s, the Angkor Empire, now known as present-day Cambodia, began to lose power and suffered blows from attacks courtesy of its bordering neighbors ("Cambodia," CIA). Cambodia was established as a protectorate in 1863 under the jurisdiction of France, and historically became a part of Indochina later. This agreement was made between King Norodom I and the French in order to defend Cambodia against its
Cambodia has come a long way from its days under French rule and the disastrous rule of the Khmer Rouge. With 14.9 million people living a relativity peaceful and prosperous life, Cambodia still has a long ways to go to join the ranks of world powers. Education has flourished in Cambodia with most its population attending school and have gone on to even higher education. The main goal is to make sure all of its population is literate so they can be active in life. The government is taking an active role to provide the best for its people whether through reform whether through education or elections. It makes sure to never repeat it’s dark past and always have a bright future.
Imagine a four year old girl growing up in contemporary Cambodia. Each morning she wakes up miles from home, homesick and scared. She is forced to beg for money for the brothel that she belongs to, and all of her earnings go straight to her master. Then, that night, about seven men come to the brothel. These men, some as old as fifty, often pay as little as two dollars to partake in sexual intercourse with these school-aged children. The toddlers enslaved in the horrific sex trade are forever stripped of their purity, making human trafficking a major issue in present day Cambodia. Over 30,000 children are sexually exploited annually (“Children for Sale”), and millions have been forced into human trafficking in the past ten years. Additionally, multiple calculations by human trafficking specialists show that, “at least ten times as many girls are now trafficked into brothels annually as African slaves were transported to the New World in the peak years of the trans-Atlantic slave trade” (Kristof), putting the issue as a high priority to abolish. Moreover, with such a large number of prostituted girls in Cambodia, the birth rate has skyrocketed in the years after the Cambodian genocide, when the sex-trade developed due to cultural differences and ethnic diversity in the country. A corrupt communist government, the Khmer Rouge, executed over thirty percent of the population of Cambodia in just four years. However, the ethnic conflict has led to more brothels, causing a larger population. This large birth rate has created overpopulated cities and poor sanitation. Furthermore, education is an issue due to the lack of responsible teachers and classroom availability, and many girls are rejected by their fa...
Cambodia isn’t really thought of when people are asked to think of a foreign country, they usually think of China or India. Cambodia is a southeastern country located between Vietnam and Thailand. Imperialism, capitalism and wars have really changed Cambodia, from the government, to the civilians.
The lack of profitable education taught in Middle Eastern schools leads to unpreparedness for the workplace and mass unemployment. The learning crisis extends to the workplace and affects people’s ability to perform simple life skills such as communication and critical thinking. Since these basic skills are not being learned and taught in schools, forty percent of employers in the Middle East say skill-shortage is a “top constraint to business operation and company growth” (Jalbout). As the job market picks up, the education in the Middle East is declining and problems arise. Studies show that only about one-third of new Middle Eastern graduates are ready for the workplace. There is a “chronic misalignment of the education system and employment markets,” which ultimately sets the children up for failure in the workplace (“Education Failures Fan the Flames in the Arab World”). In a knowledge-based economy, the amount of people who possess relevant skills are limited, which is detrimental to the workplace and to their economy. The education crisis is toxic to the Middle East’s economy and causes civilians to be out of work and ill-prepared for the
As u can see in the chart Cambodia population in 1960 was very poor due to the lake in sources of life there. But the population density is rising with the Growth rate till our day 2014. Cambodia is 181,035 km² size. The religion of Cambodia is Theravada Buddhism since it has the most or the authority of the population which is polished by 95 percent, Much the same as that of Thailand, Burma, Sri Lanka. In Cambodia people speaks Khmer as the official language. is the main crop that Cambodia known of. It is important nourishment and in times of peace it’s the most vital fare merchandise. Rice has become the greatest part of the nation’s aggregate developed area territory. Cambodia is also known for its Incense in all over the world as high quality Incense with good
Stanley, J. (2009, March 11). Development-induced displacement and resettlement. Retrieved May 18, 2014, from Development-induced displacement and resettlement: www.forcedmigration.org
Many years of war have had a major impact on the educational system of Cambodia. During the Khmer Rouge regime, teachers and all other educated people were killed, schools were destroyed and books were burned. This has resulted in countless of obstacles to the point where it challenges Cambodia’s aptitude to provide quality education access to the youth. Lack of schools exceptionally in slum areas like Phnom Penh has a high number of young children with little to no access to basic education. For these young children a lack of education can mean a life of poverty, limited opportunities, and poor health. In these slum areas poverty forces these kids to drop out of school to support their families. Many families can’t afford the cost of transporting their kids to school so instead of having their children to pursue an education they have them working for low wages. To offset these inequalities in Phnom Penh the Attitude Centre for Education (ACE) NGO is working to implement free education programs for the youth. The primary focus of ACE is to provide the youth with the confidence and leadership skills to bring about positive change in Cambodia. ACE works to create a generation of leaders and supports the youth to becoming effective role models in their communities.
It is noticeable that the system of education is changing from time to time based on financial issues and how the world is growing. In the past, individuals taught the education system from the oldest member of the family to children, and their members were charging fees from the families that sent their children to them. Which meant that education was an important thing in all ages. Nowadays, the education is shaped to an official system run by professional people in governments and many countries invest high amounts towards education which makes evidence of how important it is in our current life. Every country has a different system of education based on their financial stability, government infrastructure and the standard of the government officials. It is noticeable that there is a big difference between the education in developing countries and the prevailing system in developed countries .In my essay I will discuss some reasons for these differences...