Julius Lester
Julius Lester is an African American Jewish Professor at UMass-Amherst who writes children's books along with teaching classes in departments of Judaic Studies, History and Literature. Before Julius was a professor at UMass-Amherst; he was a graduate of Fisk University in 1960, where he began as a professional musician and singer. He then furthered his career to direct the Newport Folk Festival and then went on to host a live radio show. Presently, Julius is known as "foremost among black writers who produce their work from a position of historical strengths." Julius writes children's books to teach moral and political values. In many of his books, he uses African American characters to relate back to the days of slavery. For example in his book; John Henry, he uses an African American character and ,makes him into a hero. The character in the book is able to break through a cave faster than a machine which symbolizes strength and courage among the African American race. In Lester's book, How Many Spots Does A Leopard Have?, he uses n...
Marks, L. (2006). The Loss of Leisure in a Culture of Overwork. Spirit of Change Magazine.
The author was born in Washington D.C. on May 1, 1901. Later, he received a bachelor’s degree from Williams College where he studied traditional literature and explored music like Jazz and the Blues; then had gotten his masters at Harvard. The author is a professor of African American English at Harvard University. The author’s writing
Many individuals would define leisure as time free from paid work, domestic responsibilities, and just about anything that one would not do as part of their daily routine. Time for leisure and time for work are both two separate spheres. The activities which people choose to do on their spare time benefit their own personal interests as well as their satisfactions. While some people may enjoy one activity, others pay not. Leisure is all about personal interests and what people constitute having a good time is all about. Some may say that the process of working class leisure can be seen to contribute their own subordination as well as the reproduction of capitalist class relations. Self-produced patterns of working class leisure can lead to resistance to such reproduction. This leads to social class relations and inequalities, and the fact that it they can never be completely reproduced in the leisure sphere. This film Home Feeling: Struggle for a Community, gives some examples of the role of leisure within a capitalist society dealing with issues such as class inequalities, and how they are different among various societies.
Born on a plantation in Mississippi, Richard Wright grew up in an environment stricken in poverty. When Richard was five years old his father deserted the family. Richard's mother, a school teacher, did her best to support the family but her income was not enough therefor Richard was often sent to an orphan asylum for various intervals of time. Just before Richard's tenth birthday his mother became paralyzed and moved in with relatives in Mississippi. At fifteen he began working in Memphis as a porter and messenger. It was around this age that Richard became thoroughly interested in reading and writing. Due to rules and regulations on segregation, Richard was unable to get some books that could only be found in the library for white people. F...
ways that leisure time is spent by women has indeed benefited them in both the workplace and at home. This position requires a closer look at specific leisure activities; where and with whom they are spent, and the ultimate effect that these activities had on society and gender roles. More significantly however, is how the establishment of leisure activities for women came about, rather than the simple change in availability of such activities. First let s look at Peiss s position on the matter of how cheap amusements challenged gender traditions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Veblen, Thorstein. (1899) Theory of the Leisure Class: An Economic Study in the Evolution of Institutions. New York: Macmillan.
On March 4th, 1974, a nine year old boy was kidnapped and then raped in a baseball field. The nine year old boy said that the man who did it had to be 17-18 years of age. He said that the man had sideburns and had a name like Jim. His uncle thought that it could be a man named Jimmy Bain, who was 19 at the time and had sideburns, so photos were shown to the little boy and he picked out Jimmy Bain. The police questioned Bain at his home the next day. Bain stated that he had been at home watching television at the time of the attack, which was also verified by his sister. However, the police arrested him.
Rojek, C. (2000). Leisure and the rich today: Veblen’s thesis after a century. Leisure Studies, 19(1), 1–15.
Pike, J. (2008), ‘Leisure, Laziness and feeling good’, in Brunton, D. (ed), Place and Leisure AA100 Book 4, Milton Keynes, The Open University, pp.3-10
Hopkins, like her contemporaries, also focused heavily on education in this novel. The ability to read and write seems to be the constituent that has allowed the Negro to progress over the years. Novels, poem, newspapers, and magazines were medium...
In this article “The Danger of a Single Story” Chimamanda Adichie talks about how the exclusively English and American books she read as a child lead her to believe that books were, essentially, about foreigners, and that they “had to be about things with which I could not personally identify.” Not only did this lack of representation of Africans in books make the author feel like books weren’t for or about people like her, but it also led a reader of her books to make negative sweeping generalizations about African people, because her book was the only representation of Africans that that reader had seen. This lack of representation hurt not only the people lacking representation, but the people
As a child, many individuals have free time where they can participate in leisurely activities often. Known as the preparation phase, leisure at this point is usually where a child forms relationships and set goals they wish to achieve in the future. This differs drastically from the establishment phase, where an individual is usually too busy to participate in leisure as much. At this phase, leisure is viewed as purposive, such as taking their child to a museum. The focus is generally not focused on just the individual themselves but rather on acting upon their previous goals to successfully reach them. The final phase is known as the reintegration phase where an individual reflects on the course their life has taken due to the preparation and establishing they have done. At each stage, there are constraints and facilitators that affect what an individual may do as leisure. However, there are other cultural and social factors that affect this as well. Ever since ancient times, an individual’s economic status is a factor that has affected their participation in certain leisure activities that they can afford or not. Today, this still occurs as some people can afford to do activities for leisure while others can not. There are other constraints that an individual can face as well based on where they live, their religion and what race they are. It is unfortunate that not all
In his book Leisure: The Basis of Culture, German philosopher Joseph Pieper provides a broader, deeper definition of leisure as the driving force behind our very existence. He points out that a common misconception regarding leisure is that it is the opposite of work. However, this cannot be true because, once our basic needs are met, is ultimately geared towards leisure. Therefore, it is in order to say that we work so that we can have leisure. As Aristotle put it in Politics, ‘leisure is the center-point about which everything revolves’. In today’s modern society, almost every human activity involves some sort of work. Pieper does not see work as just a form of occupation, but gives it an anthropological definition encompassing the whole concept of man. In his everyday life man works, and since work is about getting leisure, man’s very existence is to find leisure. His culture, way of life, is defined by leisure. BACKGROUND
Lefebvre, Henri. "Work and Leisure in Everyday Life." Everyday Life Reader. Ed. Ben Highmore. Great Britain: Routledge, 2002. 225-36.
Throughout the years, the image of the African American culture has been portrayed in in a negative light. Many people look to African, and African American literature to gain knowledge about the African American culture. The true culture and image often goes unseen, or is tarnished because writers who have no true insight or experience, have proceeded to write about things in which they are uneducated.. For years the world has seen writers attempt to taint and damage the image of the African American. Through strength and determination, several African American writers have been able to portray the true image and struggle of the Negro through various writings and narratives. This has helped give a factual insight about the African and the African American. Three particular authors helped give detailed insight about the African and The African American. African American themes of tribal belief, slavery, and The black family were displayed in the works of Chinua Achebe, Fredrick Douglass, and Ann Petry.