Capital Punishment Is Wrong To this date, Seven hundred and seventy two criminals in the U.S. alone have been subject to Capital Punishment. (Executions USA 2002). Using specific examples such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Timothy McVeigh execution, capital punishment is seen as inhumane, wrong and an unusual punishment. The death penalty is greatly rejected and discouraged by many countries and states. There are more than one hundred countries who have abolished the death penalty in law or practice, while the United States has increased the rate of executions and the number of crimes that are punishable by death (The Death Penalty…2000). Many politicians claim that they are tough on crimes, but they should spend ninety four percent of criminal justice money on preventing crimes instead of after the crime was committed (Get the Facts…2000). Protocol No.6 to the European Convention on Human Rights to Abolish is an agreement to abolish the death penalty in peacetime. The other two protocols, the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights to Abolish the Death Penalty, provide for the total abolition of the death penalty but allows states wishing to do so to retain the death penalty in wartime as an exception (Facts and Figures…2000). There are several different procedures that are used to execute such as hanging, the electric chair, gas chamber, lethal injection and the fire squad, which is still used in Idaho and Utah (The Death Penalty, 2000). The death penalty is abolished for all crimes under the Human Rights because it is believed to be inhumane, cruel and degrading, but it is still enforced today. The death penalty should also be abolished because the failure to prevent the execution of the innocent and the cost for executions are outrageous. In the eyes of those who are for the death penalty, they believe that the criminal should lose all rights once they commit a heinous crime and they also believe that the cost of imprisoning someone for life without parole is extremely higher than just putting them to death. They also take into consideration that the death penalty is okay by their religion. They believe that God was for the death penalty and they claim that He once killed men who crosse... ... middle of paper ... ... http://www.amnestyusa.org/abolish/factsinnocence.html Amnesty International. (2000). Death Penalty Facts (Online). http://www.amnestyusa.org/abolish/cruelanddegrading.html Amnesty International. (2000). Death Penalty Facts (Online). http://www.amnestyusa.org/abolish/cost.html Amnesty International. (2000). Death Penalty Facts (Online). http://www.amnestyusa.org/abolish/violationofhrs.html Amnesty International. (2000). The Death Penalty in the U.S.A. (Online). http://www.amnestyusa.org/rightsforall/dp/index.html Amnesty International.(2000). Facts and Figures on the Death Penalty(Online). http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/imtcam/dp/dpfacts.htm Civil Liberty. (9 May 2001). Don't Kill McVeigh (Online). http://www.civilliberty.about.com/ CUADP. (2000). Get the Facts, Then Decide (Online). http://www.cuadp.org David McReynolds. (27 April 2001). The Case of Tim McVeigh & Capital Punishment (Online). http://www.zmag.org/mcveigh.htm ECADP. (30 April 2002). Executions USA 2002 (Online). http://www.ecadp.org/forall/cont_exec.html Human Rights Watch. (2000). The DEATH PENALTY(Online). http://www.hrw.org/about/initiatives/deathpen.htm
Marks, R., P.A. Foley, D. Jolley, K.R. Knight, and J. Harrison. 1995. The effect of regular sunscreen use on vitamin D levels in an Australian population: results of a randomized controlled trial. Archives of Dermatology 131: 415-421.
Vitamin D deficiency has been recognized as a highly prevalent condition worldwide and presented in approximately 30% to 50% of the general population [7]. High r...
Because of the necessity of folate protection and simultaneously the need to maintain sufficient vitamin D levels, it makes sense that people inhabiting areas of low or high UV radiation would consequently have lighter or darker skin. The evidence for skin pigment evolution in response to concentrations of UV radiation is therefore the most reasonable explanation for current pigment variations in people today.
Tanning affects the human skin through ultraviolet radiation, part of the spectrum of light that omits from the sun to the surface of the earth. Ultraviolet A rays are the longer ultraviolet rays that are projected, and these rays penetrate deep into the layers of skin, causing a tanning effect (Harvard Women's Health Watch, 2). It does this by penetrating into the lower layers of skin, or the epidermis, and triggering cells known as melanocytes to make melanin, the brown pigment that causes tanning (Hyde, Patrice, MD, 1). They account for most of the ultraviolet components emitted by lamps in tanning beds, because they are associated with an almost immediate tanning effect (Brady, Mary S, 2). The shorter rays are ultraviolet B rays, and these rays only reach the outer superficial skin cell layer, also known as the epidermis (Harvard Women's Health Watch, 2). UVB rays, therefore, are the actual cause of sunbur...
Calcium can be absorbed through two major transport systems: active transport and passive diffusion; about 60% of calcium is absorbed in the small intestine (duodenum and proximal jejunum) (1,2). An important player in calcium absorption is Vitamin D, more specifically in the intestine calcium absorption. Vitamin D in calcitriol form was historically limited to muscle tissue of bones, the kidneys, and the intestine. However, it is now know that calcitriol plays an important roll is other tissue function such as the brain, heart, skin, colon, central nervous system, and pancreas, when receptors were found on these tissues as well. Vitamin D can be obtained in a multitude of ways such as through the sun, supplementation, fortified food sources such as milk and grains, as well as in animal products. This paper will review the ways that Vitamin D maintain calcium levels, types of calcium absorption via vitamin D, vitamin D’s effects on calcium absorption (primarily in the intestine) during deficiency, calcium absorption via vitamin D in the elderly, healthy women, and pregnant women. It is important to focus on women because women overall have a lower bone density than men as well as experience drastic estrogen changes later on in life which both directly correlate with calcium and vitamin D consumption and absorption.
3D printing is primarily for rapid part prototyping and small-run production in a variety of industries. In the meantime, the term additive manufacturing has come to represent the use of 3D printing to create metallic components and final parts, differentiating from conventional subtractive manufacturing processes. 3D printing uses computer-generated designs to create build paths that reproduce a digital model through consolidation of materials with an energy source. The process typically uses a laser, a binder or an electron beam that solidifies material as it is directed along scanned over a pre-placed layer or the build path of material. This method has been used successfully with metals, polymers and ceramics. Metals are still in their infancy in terms of finished part production. Metallic parts produced with 3D printing frequently require additio...
Proponents of capital punishment believe that killing criminals is a moral and ethical way of punishing them. They feel there is justification in taking the life of a certain criminal, when in fact that justification is nothing more than revenge. They also feel that the death penalty deters crime, although there have been no conclusive studies confirming that viewpoint (Bedau).
In the event that you avoid the sun, experience the ill effects of milk anaphylaxes, or stick to a strict veggie lover diet, you may be at danger for vitamin D inadequacy. Known as the daylight vitamin, vitamin D is transformed by the body because of daylight. It is additionally happens characteristically in a couple of sustenance’s including some fish, fish liver oils, and egg yolks - and in sustained dairy and grain items.
Almost all nations in the world either have the death sentence or have had it at one time. It was used in most cases to punish those who broke the laws or standards that were expected of them. Since the death penalty wastes tax money, is inhumane, and is largely unnecessary it should be abolished in every state across the United States. The use of the death penalty puts the United States in the same category as countries like Iran and Saudi Arabia which are two of the world’s worst human rights violators (Friedman 34). Lauri Friedman quotes, “Executions simply inject more violence into an already hostile American society.”
Vitamin D deficiency is one of the fastest growing epidemics in the world today. Approximately 75 percent of U.S. teens and adults have low vitamin D levels. Some experts are attributing the high percentage of vitamin D deficiency to the increased use of sunscreen and long sleeve shirts after recent skin cancer-prevention campaigns… But a person does not have to tan or sunburn in order to get vitamin D. (Lite 1)
The United States is one of the 58 nations that still uses the capital punishment. It is only legal in some states, but there is a general regulation of the federal government that determines which cases can be punished with the death penalty. In order to sentence a person to be executed, he or she must have committed a capital offence, which is a crime that is condemned with death in the United States. The capit...
Capital punishment or the death penalty is a commonly held practice in many countries. It has been used to permanently punish prisoners and the different methods including gassing, shooting and lethal injection. Lethal injection is still considered a new method, but lawmakers, prisoners, and the community have all agreed that it is more humane for the prisoner and less damaging psychologically on the administrator. Many countries have legalized the death penalty, one of which is China.
In the article of Zittermann et al. (2011, p. 1), vitamin D is received largely from ultraviolet B rays that induced in the skin. Furthermore, Prentice (2008, p. S153) describes that a plasma metabolite of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) is a valuable risk marker to determine the paucity of vitamin D, she further reports that this substance is produced in the liver and synthesizes from the skin.
Vitamin D can often be obtained with two different methods. The main method is the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin into Vitamin D3 via sun exposure to absorb ultraviolet B radiation with a wavelength of 290-315nm (Holick 2007). The other method, is through consumption in diets through plants in the form of Vitamin D2; or fatty fishes, supplements or fortified vitamin D products in the form of Vitamin D3 (Lavie, Lee & Milani 2011). Vitamin D undergoes hydroxylation twice; first with the enzyme 25-hydroxylase to form 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Calcidiol) (Al Mheid et al. 2013). Then, Calcidiol is converted to the most active form of Vitamin D, 1,25-dihidroxyvitamin D Hormone (Calcitriol) with the help of renal 1--hydroxylase in the kidney (Al Mheid et al. 2013). Vitamin D2 and D3 are relatively similar since share the same hydroxylation pathway to produce Calcitriol (Tripkovic 2013), however, D3 has shown to have a greater influence on Calcidiol levels and thus more effective in maintaining Vitamin D health (Heaney et al. 2011).
Heat treatment is mainly used in manufacturing industries for materials such as glass and metals. Material is either cooled or heated during heat treatment process. After completing the whole process, the material is supposed to reach the desire results; hardened or softened. Heat treatment can be classified into different types based on the changes in the structure of metal. Heat treatment includes full annealing, process annealing, quenching, stress relieving, age hardening, tempering and so on.