The Computer Misuse Act 1990 The Computer Misuse act is in place to prevent users using computers in an abusive way to the owner, whether this is a single owner or business/organisation. It covers activities such as hacking & viruses E.g. Trojans & Worms. The act applies to all users of computers in a business/organisation or single user. There are no obligations by an organisation to comply with the act. However, there must be sufficient evidence that such an offence has been committed. Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 =========================================== This act governs the rules under which it is legal to spy on someone * Tape their phone * Open their mail * Bug their home, office or vehicle * Intercept email * Monitor web usage. The act is in place to protect the rights of humans by public authorities, so they cannot be unlawfully harassed or disturbed. However, if a warrant is issued then authorities have the right to do the needful. In the event of a warrant being issued all communication service providers (CSP’s) may also be obliged to provide the necessary assistance in giving effect to an interception warrant. The CSP’s may also be obliged to maintain permanent access for the authorities. Data Protection Act 1998 ======================== The Data Protection Act 1998 came into force 1st March 2000. The act is concerned with processing personnel information (bank details, National Insurance Numbers, Tax Information etc) and it applies to personnel information held electronically or via paper media. The act requires people who are in a... ... middle of paper ... ...amples were given. www.hm-treasury.gov.uk Although I did not use this site as much as I used the other two sites, this site helped me a fair amount with two legislations in particular. These were: Money Laundering Regulations 2003 & Proceeds of Crime Act 2002. The HM-treasury website is a financial Information site, the above two legislations are financially linked, which is why the site gave in depth information about the legislations. http://europa.eu.int/eur The final website that would be of use would be one to do with EU(European Union) rules and regulations. The United Kingdom is a member state of the EU, therefore must go by what rules and regulations are set by the EU. Although I did not use this site a deal, it always came up when acts or regulations were inputted into the search engine.
The primary purpose of the “Statute of Frauds” (SOF) is to protect the interests of parties once they are involved in litigating a contract dispute (Spagnola, 2008). The relevant statutes are reliant upon state jurisdictions to determine whether the contract falls under the SOF, and whether the writing of the contract satisfies the requirements of the statute of frauds (Spagnola, 2008). However, all contracts are not covered under the SOF. In essence, for a contract to be deemed as legal by definition of the SOF, there must be verification of the following requirements for formation of the contract, which are as follows: (1) There must be least two parties to the contract, (2) There must be a mutual agreement and acceptance on the price to pay for goods and services offered, (3) The subject matter or reason for entering the contract, must be clearly understood by all parties to the contract, (4) and there must be a stipulated time for performance of duties under the contractual obligations (Spagnola, 2008). Lastly, there are five categories of contracts that are covered under the SOF, which are as follows: (1) The transfer of real property interests, (2) Contracts that are not performable within one year, (3) Contracts in consideration of marriage, (4) Surtees and guarantees (answering to the debt of another), and (5) Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) provisions regarding the sale of goods or services, legally valued over five hundred dollars ($500.00) (Spagnola, 2008).
For so many years, this nation has been creating policies and laws to protect the people and their way of life. One particular law that was passed still creates a lot of confusion on whether this law pertains to them or not. The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act is a federal law to protect workers, their families, and society from sudden or unforeseen job losses due to plant closings and massive layoffs. The WARN Act was originally enacted on August 4, 1988, but it evidentially became effective on February 4, 1989 (Department of Labor, 2013).
As you know, Target was infiltrated by malware and resulted with a criminal breach of Target’s security and data systems between the dates of November 27th through December 18th 2013.
Computer misuse Act It is an act of the parliament of the UK redacted in 1990 as a measure to cope to the new technological threats. Old traditional forms of crime such as harassment and fraud offences are being committed electronically via computers or internet nowadays. Lately are appearing new forms of e-crime using new technologies such as Denial of Service ( DOS ) attack and phishing by offenders with good technical knowledge in IT.Thus laws in our society needs to be updated to deal to the new forms of crime. Computer misuse Act has been enacted after some cyber attacks, for instance the hacking attack against British Telecom commited by Robert Schifreen and Stephen Gold, between 1984 and 1985, using conventional devices such as a
Advances in technology has brought many benefits but also problems. The use of new technology creates moral and ethical problems and conflicting attitudes in society. The complexity of the issues and the pace with which technology changes mean that legislators have difficulty making laws that can keep in control of these changes.
Australia is dependent on technology, everything from state security, economics and information collaboration is more accessible resulting in an increased reliance on digital networks. The rapid increase in cyber activity has a symbiotic relationship with cyber crime. The evolving nature of cyber crimes are constantly leaving counter measures obsolete in the face of these new technologies. Australia takes insufficient action against cyber crime, inaction is based on Australia’s previous focus on counter-terrorism. This study will use the Australia’s National Security Strategy 2013 to show the increasing trend towards cyber security. Unfortunately the Australia Government is lacking in the presence of this growing phenomenon. Recently cyber crimes including attacks from Anonymous and Wiki-leaks prove that no network is completely secure. This study will conclude that the exponential growth of the Internet has resulted in an inability to properly manage regardless of the governmental strategies being implemented.
Homeland Security is one of the most important departments in the United States. The United States Department of Homeland Security job is to reduce our vulnerability to terrorism and lead a national effort to help prevent terrorist attacks on our nation (Computer Concept, pg. 50). As technology evolves over the course of time, computers end up playing a crucial role in homeland security.
people’s lives. Hackers are not only threatening people’s own cyber security and privacy but also the United States’ economy, security and all citizens’ lives. On mid-November 2011, Russian hackers failed to attack a water plant in Illinois (Nakashima).Therefore, the Cybersecurity Act of 2012 was made. The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 is “a bill to enhance the security and resiliency of the cyber and communications infrastructure of the United States” (“S.2015”)The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 was the battle between the national security and personal privacy.In this paper I will lay out three different position people take on the issue about The Cybersecurity Act of 2012 .
The decision is being made according to rules and regulation of the Australian Computer Society, understanding the textbook concept named ‘The Ethical Technologist’ and as an ethical person. There are various important factor that implied in the case study as listed above. Emily and her team member did good job to accomplish the Michael’s goals and after all the ‘Reaper’ is being fully operational and going as a strong project. In spite of the success Michael looks not to be pleased because there were some ethical issues as his employees created. The significant factors listed in the prioritisation which have an influence to the overall decision that being made here; consequently all the factors being planned in a descending order that is most important factor to the
It is a PC law in the United States that on a very basic level assurances people and relationship against different people who wish to preference from an Internet space name or trademark that is extensively utilized by a business or brand. Going before the approbation of ACPA the lacking validity practice of enlisting the space name of an unmistakable business or brand and a brief while later attempting to offer it to an affiliation that for the most part participates under that name was normal. In a few delineations, the extent name was not offered available to be acquired, but rather the registrant still attempted
Everything is stored on the internet including highly classified government information, and your bank information. How do we make sure no one steals, views, or sells your passwords, and private information? Congress passed a law in 1986 called the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) to protect the government’s information. Many laws have been passed that revises the CFAA. The CFAA has imprisoned many people, and many people want changes to the CFAA today.
ICT and Legislation New laws have been made to deal with issues and problems that have come about with using ICT. These issues include: * Misuse of personal information * Health and safety * Computer Viruses * Intrusion * Fraud Without these laws these problems would be more of a major issue than they already are. These laws were made to protect people from such things as fraud where people can get access to your personal details e.g. credit card details and they can buy things off your credit card. Data protection act (1998) As computers became more advanced, cheaper and more readily available companies started using them to store data which was more efficient and more convenient, but problems arose with this new way of storing data such as: * Information could be copied or changed or seen by the wrong people * Inaccurate * Kept without permission Companies now have to ensure that all data they have is kept under certain conditions: * All information is up to date * Kept for only a relevant amount of time * Kept for only relevant and lawful purposes * Processed fairly and in accordance with the rights of the subject data * protected against loss, damage and unlawful processing Health and Safety at work act (1974) This legislation makes sure that all people at work have a safe working environment and that employer's make there workers aware of the safety issues including: * fire exits must be kept clear * fire doors must be kept shut * any obstacles must be positions so there is no danger of tripping over * plug sockets can not be overload and paper quantities must be kept to a minimum to prevent risk of fire
The Health and Safety Act of 1974 was set up as a means to protect
Recently, the Internet has become the most significant technology in all over the world, which is not only used by the people to contact with each other but also utilized by the business organizations to become global (Taylor, Caeti, Loper, Fritsch & Liederbach, 2006). Computer and internet enable the business organizations to execute the Electronic commerce business model, which has become very popular. Computers and Internet are a powerful source in the success of globalization and international business. Computers are being used worldwide and due to this, cyber crimes are increasing continuously with a rapid growth (Cheeseman, 2006).
Duquenoy, P., Jones, S., & Blundell, B. (2008). Ethical, legal and professional issues in computing. London: Thomson.