Intensifying Racial Segregation
"When you control a man's thinking you do not have to worry about his actions. You do not have to tell him not to stand here or go yonder. He will find his "proper place" and will stay in it. You do not need to send him to the back door. He will go without being told. In fact, If there is no back door, he will cut one for his special benefit. His education makes it necessary.
"History shows that it does not matter who is in power those who have not learned to do for themselves and have to depend solely on others never obtain any more rights or privileges in the end than they had in the beginning."
Policy analysts, program developers, and managers in the public and nonprofit sectors, face special problems as they seek to improve the well-being of particular groups in society. This concentration provides students with an understanding of the policy, management and programmatic issues and the difficult choices facing professionals working to improve the economic well-being and social functioning of diverse groups while seeking to further social integration in U.S. society.
Housing and Community Development
The concentration in housing and community development focuses on innovative approaches for improving the quality of life within low-income urban communities, including affordable housing and workforce development. It situates housing policy and community development within the context of racial discrimination, global, national and regional economic trends, the devolution of government responsibilities to the state and local levels, the growing role of community development corporations and other nonprofit organizations, and the implementation of welfare reform. In addition to lectures...
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...nd still is based on institutionalized segregation and racism. The "Plantation system" mentality still permeates through every fabric of society as if we lived in city-state Athens in 500 B.C.E., where the "citizens" have access to ALL rights and privileges warranted to them; the "metics" are given limited access, and the "slaves" have no rights or say what so ever within the "Democratic" society. So it comes as no surprise that today, the ancestors of slaves, both indigenous and expatriate, see, feel and live a reality that systematically and innately excludes them from the full benefits of the system. Even with such "progressive" statues as Brown-vs-Topeka, racial segregation still exists and not only in schools, employment, neighborhoods, politics and every aspect of life.
Bibliography:
http://www.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/depts/edu/570/assignments/index.html
The United States’ government has always had a hand on our country’s housing market. From requiring land ownership to vote, to providing public housing to impoverished families, our government has become an irremovable part of the housing market. The effects of these housing policies can affect American residents in ways they might not even recognize. As several historians have concluded, many housing policies, especially those on public housing, either resulted in or reinforced the racial segregation of neighborhoods.
Instead of focusing on the relationship between federal housing policy and segregation, as does Mohl, DiPasquale explores how rental housing and federal policies affect each other. In her article, “Rental Housing: Current Market Conditions and the Role of Federal Policy,” DiPasquale challenges the federal policies that were in place at the time she wrote her article. She brings to attention her belief that in the past, government policies have given much of their focus to homeowners and little to the renter. Through her research, DiPasquale had found that rental housing had become increasingly less affordable, especially to poorer tenants, who are spending a greater portion of their income on rent. This not only poses a problem to the renters, but also to the landlords, for if the renters cannot pay the rent, the landlords get a vacancy and no income from their property. She also asserts her belief that homeownership is not for everyone, and uses evidence from the recent housing crisis to support her claim. Her article calls for a revamping of current federal policies to level the playing field between home owning and renting. By doing so, households will have more choices available to them when it comes to choosing suitable housing for them
America has been the site of discrimination in race for years. The Black Codes were laws each state came up with on their own that limit certain rights, prevent them from voting, and keep the black slaves under white control. Even after the Black Codes ended, a new way to keep African-Americans unequal came up. The Jim Crow laws were a series of laws passed in order to keep African-Americans unequal from white Americans. Every state had their own form of the Jim Crow laws. African-Americans used to be treated very poorly by the rest of the United States. They were still treated as though they were slaves until the end of the Jim Crow laws. Even after that, southern states still attempted to keep African-Americans from being equal to the rest of Americans. Taxes were put up in order to vote, which kept African-Americans from doing so because most were very poor. They still did not have equal opportunity in the work force either. African-Americans were not the only ones being treated like this either. Native Americans and Hispanics were treated the same way that African-Americans were. The United States used to treat immigrants inadequately.
For those of us with warm roofs over our heads and groceries on the table the problem of affordable housing does not often surface. But for low-income families, where half the income can disappear simply trying to keep the family sheltered in an acceptable home, the problem is a daily one. President of the BRIDGE Housing Corporation Donald Terner and columnist Brad Terner argue that affordable housing is a problem that should involve everyone. From your local supermarket clerk to your child’s science teacher, the problem of affordable housing can affect us all.
Forty-seven years ago the Civil Rights Act was passed to end racial discrimination in America. And later on the 24th Amendment to poll taxes, then the Voting Rights Act to allow every man to vote and not be discriminated against. Black Power, the Nation of Islam, and the Southern Christian Leadership conference were just some of the groups that tried to end segregation and promote the African American race. Although these groups did help end it, it still exists in today’s world and many studies have been done to prove it in the past couple of years.
It is often easy to castigate large cities or third world countries as failures in the field of affordable housing, yet the crisis, like an invisible cancer, manifests itself in many forms, plaguing both urban and suburban areas. Reformers have wrestled passionately with the issue for centuries, revealing the severity of the situation in an attempt for change, while politicians have only responded with band aid solutions. Unfortunately, the housing crisis easily fades from our memory, replaced by visions of homeless vets, or starving children. Metropolis magazine explains that “…though billions of dollars are spent each year on housing and development programs worldwide, ? At least 1 billion people lack adequate housing; some 100 million have none at all.? In an attempt to correct this worldwide dilemma, a United Nations conference, Habitat II, was held in Istanbul, Turkey in June of 1996. This conference was open not only to government leaders, but also to community organizers, non governmental organizations, architects and planners. “By the year 2000, half the world’s people will live in cities. By the year 2025, two thirds of the world population will be urban dwellers ? Globally, one million people move from the countryside to the city each week.? Martin Johnson, a community organizer and Princeton professor who attended Habitat II, definitively put into words the focus of the deliberations. Cities, which are currently plagued with several of the severe problems of dis-investment ?crime, violence, lack of jobs and inequality ?and more importantly, a lack of affordable and decent housing, quickly appeared in the forefront of the agenda.
behind by the soldiers who fought for either side. The Gettysburg war took place in 1863. Eighty
Have you ever heard about segregation? What affects it had in our Civil Rights Movement? Segregation had it’s biggest impact in the separation of the American people by color and race. Many children had to go to different school because of their color, this was the beginning of the Jim Crow Laws which led to Plessy V. Ferguson and ending with Brown V. Board of education. Although the decision did not succeed in fully desegregating public education in the United States, it put the Constitution on the side of racial equality and galvanized the nascent civil rights movement into a full revolution.
Sidney, Mara S. 2003. Unfair Housing: How National Policy Shapes Community Action. Lawrence: Univ. Press of Kansas.
After emigrating to America in my later adolescence, I was astounded by the increased level of poverty that existed. I also realized that the social policies are not always in the best interest of the more vulnerable populations. As such, when it was time to attend college, I decided to study Social work as a means of gaining knowledge and experience to better understand how policies affect social justice, and impact the lives of minorities and individuals on the lower socio-economic scale. I also wanted to gain the opportunity of being a part of encouraging and creating changes to aid in improving the well-being of the less fortunate
After the Mexican-American war, most Hispanics living in the U.S. became American citizens in southwestern U.S. Although, the citizens were promised the protection of their rights, they were mistreated, racially categorized along the border, had fewer opportunities, and experienced segregation in schools. For instance, in the 1900, “Mexican enrollment was 17.3 percent, while Anglo enrollment was 38.9 percent.” (Guadalupe) This illustrates the racial disparity of Mexican Americans in southwestern U.S. public schools. Moreover, in 1945, the Mendez v. Westminster was the first case to rule against racial segregation in Orange County, California. Overall, U.S. colonization caused racial inequality and segregation of Hispanic Americans. Today, Hispanics are still trying to preserve their culture and fight against past stereotypes that were created after the Mexican-American war.
At the time of the African-American Civil Rights movement, segregation was abundant in all aspects of life. Separation, it seemed, was the new motto for all of America. But change was coming. In order to create a nation of true equality, segregation had to be eradicated throughout all of America. Although most people tend to think that it was only well-known, and popular figureheads such as Martin Luther King Junior or Rosa Parks, who were the sole launchers of the African-American Civil Rights movement, it is the rights and responsibilities involved in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision which have most greatly impacted the world we live in today, based upon how desegregation and busing plans have affected our public school systems and way of life, as well as the lives of countless African-Americans around America. The Brown v. Board of Education decision offered African-Americans a path away from common stereotypes and racism, by empowering many of the people of the United States to take action against conformity and discrimination throughout the movement.
Today, the United States is still a racially segregated society. Getting into college is the first step in a student’s postsecondary educational journey, an academically strong start in college is the second because grades can either expand or limit opportunities for successfully completing a college degree . College students face many obstacles throughout their pursuit of higher education. Racial Segregation can affect college academic performance in a variety of ways. Segregation represents a major structural feature influencing success in college. Segregation experienced in childhood can influence later academic performance through a rage of channels. Segregation has other, more contemporaneous influences on academic performance. Massey
“When you control a man's thinking you do not have to worry about his actions. You do not have to tell him not to stand here or go yonder. He will find his "proper place" and will stay in it. You do not need to send him to the back door. He will go without being told. In fact, if there is no back door, he will cut one for his special benefit. His education makes it necessary.”
Racial segregation is the separation of humans into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life. It may apply to activities such as eating in a restaurant, drinking from a water fountain, using a public toilet, attending school, going to the movies, riding on a bus, or renting or purchasing a home (Wikipedia, 2017). Segregation is defined by the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance as "the act by which a (natural or legal) person separates other persons on the basis of one of the enumerated grounds without an objective and reasonable justification, in conformity with the proposed definition of discrimination (Explanatory memorandum, Para. 16).