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Magnetic Levitation and Propulsion through Synchronous Linear Motors
MagLev technology is entirely different from any form of transportation in operation today, but the basic principles that lie at the foundation are not beyond the understanding of the beginning electricity and magnetism student. It is in the application of these principles to design and optimize an actual train that things get hairy. The basic idea has been researched since the mid-sixties, but it is only now that economically feasible prototypes are being built and governments are seriously looking towards magnets to propel us into the next century. Leading the race is Germany. Their design, the Transrapid 07, is ready for commercial production. It utilizes conventional electromagnets and forces of attraction to levitate the train. A good web site to find out more about German plans for their design is http://transrapid.simplenet.com/index-e.htm
The Japanese are investigating an entirely different design involving superconducting magnets to generate huge repulsive forces which levitate the train. However, their MLU002N is still in experimental stages. For more information, check out http://www.rtri.or.jp/rd/maglev_E.html
With a little stretching, the average physics student should be able to comprehend the principles of magnetic levitation and propulsion through synchronous linear motors. To facilitate the process of understanding this complex material, we suggest that the student go through this web site in order. Make sure you understand the basic physics before moving on to the page which applies these principles to magnetically levitated vehicles.
Moving Charge --* Magnetic Field
Intro
We know from experiment that a moving charge exerts a fo...
... middle of paper ...
...echnology, yet no group ready to invest because of the shear number of R&D dollars still needed with no real examples of Maglev success in this country.
Judging from the progress of other countries, it is our recommendation that the United States take steps toward a greater use of Maglev to reduce its long term public transportation problems and take advantage of the low cost operation, reliability, and energy efficiency associated with Maglev.
Bibliography:
References
We've stood on the shoulders of giants, and now it's time to enumerate them . . .
Books
1. D. Halliday, R. Resnik & K. Krane, Physics, vol. 2, 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1992.
2. Liang Chi Shen and Jin Au Kong, Applied Electromagnetism, 3rd ed. PWS Publishing Company, 1995.
3. I. Boldea and S.A. Nasar, Linear Motion and Electromagnetic Systems. John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1995.
High-speed railway (HRL) systems have been used primarily over in such countries as Japan since 1964 and France since 1984. Recently the United States has generated interest in the high-speed railway as well. The proposed system would stretch from Miami through Orlando and end in the St. Petersburg/Tampa area. With bullet trains operating at top speeds of 220 miles an hour, the express travel time from downtown Miami to Orlando would take approximately 2.5 hours. Intercity travelers (trips between metropolitan regions) along with longer-distance commuters would enjoy the benefits of a system designed to connect with existing rail, air, and highway systems.
Aristotle, R. P. Hardie, and R. K. Gaye. Physics. Adelaide: The University of Adelaide Library, 2000. Print.
Maglev, short for magnetic levitation, is a new system being used in the design of train railways. These maglev trains are using electromagnetically-driven systems to achieve high –speed transportation. These trains move through electromagnetic propulsion, levitating over a guideway.
* Halliday, David, Robert Resnick and Jearl Walker. Fundamentals of Physics, 5th ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1997.
In the recent century what used to be science fiction is quickly becoming a reality. Things like the space shuttle, super computers and robots are coming out of Hollywood and into the real world. The most recent projection is the space elevator project. It consists of a 62,000 mile long cable elevator to the stars. This project which was previously believed to be impossible and absurd is now on the fast track to success. This recent success can be attributed to both new technological developments and the fact that project barriers are being demolished.
From early childhood rockets, a V-2 rocket, and America’s first orbital satellite, Wernher von Braun’s life inventions really made an impact on history after the completion and success of the Saturn V “moon rocket” that carried man to space and then eventually to the moon with a various string of Apollo Missions. There would be an outstanding amount of components both electrical and mechanical that would be needed to bring together a dream that von Braun had long sought for. This dream invention of his would focus on carrying three astronauts, be comprised of 3 rocket booster stages, lifted initially by the thrust of five F-1 rocket engines, and need a number of things to happen in sequence.
...because of the high power, force, and energy densities possible, all prized features for an aircraft carrier. In the future Navy, weight and volume may be of even higher importance as smaller budgets demand smaller ships, and future design requirements demand more performance out of smaller boxes. Electromagnetics offers this advantage. These systems would also provide the essential controllability that comes with electrical machinery allowing for safer, less mechanically stressing operations. This will lead to extended life of airframes, nose-gear, and tail-hooks. Most importantly, electromagnetic motors will provide high level forces and greater efficiencies, which will permit the future generations of heavier, faster aircraft to operate off a carrier. Systems need to be developed that can produce the necessary performance; electromagnetics offers a viable option.
Bernstein, Jeremy, Paul M. Fishbane, and Stephen Gasiorwocz. Modern Physics. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 2000
Kirkpatrick, Larry, and Gerald F. Wheeler. Physics: A World View. 4th ed. Orlando: Harcourt College Publishers, 2001.
1 David Halliday, Robert Resnick, and Jearl Walker, Fundamentals of Physics, Extended, 5th ed. (NewYork:Wiley, 1997) 361
Schultz, James. "Force Fields and 'Plasma' Shields Get Closer to Reality." Technology 25 July 2000: 20 pars. Web. 25 Oct. 2010. .
2) Fundamentals of Physics Extended: Fifth Edition. David Hanley, Robert Resnick, Jearl Walker. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore. 1997.
A magnet can be made from different materials, but loadstone is the natural form. The most important part of magnetism to make electric motors work is: A magnet has two different ends, or poles a north and a south pole. These poles behave like electric charges, like poles repel and unlike poles attract although magnets have no affect on still charges. The relationship between electricity and magnetism is that each phenomenon is that each generates a field. Electric fields can be pictured by thinking in terms of gravitational forces. Where, any two objects have a gravitational force one another. Any two electric charges have a force between them (either repelling, or attracting depending on polarity). These electric fiel...
Magnetism was not studied or utilized before 1821 as it is today. A few hundred years ago people understood how magnets worked, but didn’t have many applications of the magnet because they were limited by the technology of their time. The applications of magnets today have opened a new door as to how we can harness the power of a magnet. I had a basic working knowledge of how magnets worked, such as polarity, but with researching different aspects of the magnet I have learned that we need to advance the potential capabilities of the magnet and fully understand how we can harness the magnet. In my research I looked at how a magnet works, the physics behind a magnet, the magnetic fields of Earth, why can’t magnets be used as energy, and magnets for pain relief benefits.
Serway, Raymond A, and Robert J Beichner. Physics: For Scientists and Engineers. United States of