Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
effects of hypertension essay
effects of hypertension essay
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: effects of hypertension essay
When assessing the relative literature as well as the plight of stroke patients, one finds that there are many causes or reasons why people fall victim to strokes. Accidents, diet, and old age-related factors are most often identified. Similarly, there exists some consensus as to appropriate treatment or therapy, which of course is dependent upon the individual and actual condition. The risk of stroke in all Americans increases after the age of 45. More often that not, clinicians are predisposed to prevention over treatment. Arteriosclerosis has been identified as a frequent cause of strokes, and certain factors have similarly been identified as exacerbating individual's medication conditions. Diet as well a related factors including smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol are considered culprits in this assessment. Hypertension is a manifestation of systemic disease, and is largely treatable. Stroke risk increases directly with elevation in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in women and men regardless of age. Control of hypertension has convincingly been shown to reduce stroke incidence and mortality, and the effect of blood pressure reduction is at least as great in elderly patients as in younger ones. Recently, a prospective study involving more than 400,000 patients in many countries confirmed that the lower the diastolic blood pressure, the lower the stroke and CAD, even in the normotensive range of 70-80 mm Hg. The hypertension connection is most pronounced in black Americans and in those of Chinese and Japanese origin, but it applied universally. At some point it is wise to evaluate high-risk patients for target organ damage, including hypertensive renal changes and LVH. When implementing risk modification strategy with th...
... middle of paper ...
... May Hurt in Stroke," Medical World News, March 30, 1990, Vol. 31, p. 11.______________. New England Journal of Medicine, "The Effect of Low-Dose Warfarin on the Risk of Stroke in Patients with Non-Rheumatic Atrial Fibrillation." Nov. 29, 1990, Vol. 323, p. 1505.Powell and Dysinger. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, "Childhood Participation in Organized School Sports and Physical Education and Precursors of Adult Physical Activity," (1992) 3, No. 5.Weiller, Cornelius, M.D., Francois Chollet, M.D., Karl J. Friston, MRC, Psych., Richard J.S. Wise, M.D., and Richard J.F. Frackowyak, M.D. Annals of Neurology, "Functional Reorganization of the Brain in Recovery from Striatocapsular Infarction in Man," 31, No. 5, May 1992, p. 466.Wolfgang, Fries, Adrian Danek, Klaus Scheidtmann, and Christoph Hamburger. American Journal of Physical Medicine, 1992, 48, p. 369.
Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has deemed hypertension or high blood pressure a global public health issue (World Health Organization, 2013). Not only does hypertension affect over 1 billion people worldwide but in the Unites States alone, about 76.4 million Americans over the age of 20, equating to about 1 in 3 adults, have hypertension (AHA, 2012). This growing health condition occurs when an individual’s blood pressure when the heart beats (systolic) is higher than 140 millimeter of mercury (mm Hg) and their blood pressure when the heart relaxes (diastolic) is 90 mm Hg or higher (AHA, 2012). The higher the blood pressure means more force is used to pump blood from the heart to arteries, which causes several health problems (AHA, 2012). For instance, the increased force stretches out blood vessels which may lead to tears and ruptures (AHA, 2012). This can also form blood clots that can stop blood from reaching other parts of the body which can cause other organs, specifically the heart, to become overworked (AHA, 2012). Unfortunately, hypertension is also known as a “silent killer” as it does not cause any symptoms (World Health Organization, 2013). If left untreated, hypertension can lead to cardiovascular disease and other fatal health consequences, such as heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure (World Health Organization, 2013). In fact, the WHO estimates that hypertension accounts for 9.4 million deaths each year (World Health Organization, 2013).
Ischemic Stroke is caused due to a blood clot in an area of the brain, leading to loss of neural function if last for more than 24 hours. In the United States, ischemic stroke affects 2.7% of men and 2.5% of women of age range 18 years and older. In addition, it has reported that annually about 610,000 and 185,000 of new strokes and recurrent strokes cases occur in US1. Moreover, it has reported that patients who have suffered from a stroke have more chances of recurrent stroke, Myocardial infarction, and death from vascular causes2. One of the risk factor of ischemic stroke is formation of plaque in the blood vessels causing blood clot3. Several randomized trials have also reported that antiplatelet medications are efficient in preventing recurrences of stroke in patients who had an incident of ischemic stroke. Antiplatelet medications for preventing recurrences of stroke are aspirin, combination of aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole, and clopidogrel alone4. It ha...
Nowadays, stroke has become one of the major causes of death and lifelong disability in adults
Globally the leading reason for mortality and morbidity rate is stroke. Nearly twenty million individuals can suffer from stroke annually and around five million individuals won't survive [1]. The developing countries account for a median of 85% of worldwide deaths from stroke [2]. Stroke ends up in practical impairments with a median rate of two hundredth survivors who need institutional care once an amount of three months and 15%-30% are going to be disabled for good [3].
A stroke can happen at any age but for patients who are 55 and older, their risk factor will increase due to age and physical activity. “While stroke is common among the elderly, a lot of people under 65 also have strokes”(“About Stroke” page 1). Also at risk are African Americans because of other health issues that can trigger a stroke, for example: high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity. Caucasians and Hispanics are also at. Not only does Ethnicity and age play a factor, but so does other health conditions. Patients who suffer from high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, obesity, alcohol and drug
It goes without saying that everyone’s health is important and should be taken care carefully. Everyone has heard of strokes before but many people do not really know its meaning, types, and the number of individuals of that dies due to this issue. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015), strokes kills an average of 130,000 people a year and it is one of the most common deaths that happen in the United States. An average of 800,000 of people die from cardiovascular disease and strokes and it is also a reason of long-term disability (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Strokes, which can also be called cerebrovascular accident or CVA happen when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted or the blood vessel going towards the brain burst. Then part of the brain dies or become seriously injured because the brain cells do not receive oxygen and they eventually die. People’s lifestyle may also impact seriously on their health and increase the possibility of having a stroke. Some of the risk that can severely increase the cause of stroke would be high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, cigarette smoking, as well as strokes that
In the United States, 795,000 people will have their first or recurrent stroke. Studies show that 10% of strokes are secondary to intracerebral hemorrhage and another 3% are due to subarachnoid hemorrhage. The frequency of stroke varies with age, sex, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. African Americans and Hispanics have the greatest threat of intracerebral hemorrhage and excess risk is mostly observed in young and middle aged people (Liebskind & O 'Connor,2015).
Cerebrovascular disease or the term stroke is used to describe the effects of an interruption of the blood supply to a localised area of the brain. It is characterized by rapid focal or global impairment of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or leading to death (Hatano, 1976). As such it is a clinically defined syndrome and should not be regarded as a single disease. Stroke affects 174-216 people per 10,000 population in the UK per year and accounts for 11% of all deaths in England and Wales (Mant et al, 2004). The risk of recurrent stroke within 5 years is between 30-43%. One problem is that the incidence of stroke rises steeply with age and the number of elderly people in the UK is on the increase. To date people who experience a stroke occupy around 20 per cent of all acute hospital beds and 25 per cent of long term beds (Stroke Association, 2004). The British Government now identifies stroke as a major economic burden on the National Health Service (DoH, 2002).
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the brain injuries caused by stroke are a huge cause of disability in older adults. There are over 1.2 million stroke survivors in the UK and half of all stroke survivors have a disability following their stroke. A person’s age increases their risk of having a stroke. Most strokes occur between the ages of 65 and 75. There are three main types of strokes. 85% of strokes are ischaemic and occur when a blood clot forms in an artery leading to the brain, stopping the blood supply causing a neurological defect lasting more than 24 hours (Alexander et al., 2011). 15% of strokes are haemorrhagic and result from a weakened blood vessel that has ruptured and bleeds into the surrounding brain. It can be
Stroke is one amongst the foremost distressing experiences that can happen to anyone. A stroke is caused by an intermission of the blood offer to half of the brain. The term ‘stroke’ comes from the actual fact that it always happens with none warning, ‘striking’ the person from out of the blue. Worldwide, each year 2/1000 individuals have a stroke. Five out of six strokes happen in individuals over the age of sixty. It is hardly ever obvious why somebody ought to have suffered a stroke. Contrary to widespread belief, stress, and either future or following a sudden event, is not in itself a reason behind a stroke. The most common is obtaining older and alternative factors are high blood pressure (hypertension), smoking, being overweight, having too much sugar in blood (diabetes) and having abundant in excessive amount of cholesterol in blood. Strokes occur once the blood flow within the brain is hampered and brain tissue is broken. There are 2 major varieties of strokes: Ischemic and Trauma. The severity of injury to the brain tissue depends on several factors together with age, area of the brain affected, and alternative medical conditions. If the hand and arm doesn’t have medical aid in real time when stroke, it will reduce the power and muscle management, leading to a claw like look and loss of perform. Activities of the patient daily legal document will be significantly affected.
Stroke is a serious medical condition that affects people of all ages specifically older adults. People suffer from a stroke when there is decreased blood flow to the brain. Blood supply decreases due to a blockage or a rupture of a blood vessel which then leads to brain tissues dying. The two types of stroke are ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. An ischemic stroke is caused by a blood clot blocking the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the brain. On the other hand, a hemorrhagic stroke is when an artery in the brain leaks or ruptures (“About Stroke,” 2013). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and is a major cause of adult disability” (“About Stroke,” 2013). Stroke causes a number of disabilities and also leads to decreased mobility in over half of the victims that are 65 and older. The CDC lists several risk factors of stroke such as heredity, age, gender and ethnicity as well as medical conditions such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes and excessive weight gain that in...
Stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked or condensed. Blood works to transport oxygen and other beneficial substances to the body’s cells and organs, as well as the brain. There are two main types of strokes that are known as Ischemic strokes and Hemorrhagic strokes. When the blood vessels that provides for the brain becomes congested, is it referred to as ischemic stroke, the most common stroke within adults. Blood clots, a cluster of blood that sticks together, are the cause of Ischemic strokes. Ischemic strokes also takes place when arteries become backed up with plague, leaving less blood to flow. Plague is cholesterol, calcium and fibrous and connective tissue that sticks to the walls of blood vessels. Ischemic strokes eternally damage the brain and cause a person's body to no longer function habitually.Some risk factors that may increase stroke are high cholesterol, diabetes, high blood pressure, and obesity. Some stroke factors are also due to old age or having a family that has a history of strokes. Men are more likely to have a stroke but the most st...
Stroke has been classified as the most disabling chronic disease, with deleterious consequences for individuals, families, and society1. Stroke impacts on all domains in the ICF. The body dimension (body functions and structures), the individual dimension (activity), and the social dimension (participation). All domains influence each other2.
Strokes are the most common cause of disability and leading cause of death in the United States. Estimates of the number of stroke survivors in the United States exceed 3 million, and nearly 150,000 Americans died from stroke in 1995. The frequency with which strokes occur and the devastating effects they can have on survivors and their families make provision of general information about prevention and management an essential element of public health education. Previous researchers have found that between 14% and 40% of adults cannot name a single risk factor associated with stroke. This is reason for concern among the medical community.
Stroke is a commonly known disease that is often fatal. This cellular disease occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by either a blood clot halting the progress of blood cells in an artery, called an Ischemic stroke, or a blood vessel in the brain bursting or leaking causing internal bleeding in the brain, called a hemorrhagic stroke. When this happens, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients because the blood cells carrying these essential things are stopped, causing them to die. When the cells in the brain die, sensation or movement in a limb might be cut off and may limit an organism’s abilities. A person with stroke is affected depending on where in the brain the stroke occurs. In other words, symptoms of a stroke