1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 COAL WASH PLANT
The wash plant is feed by a 100T bin fitted with a vibrating feeder to aid and ease the flow of coal onto Conveyor belt 18-31. The bin can be filled up to 80T; above that it overflows through the chute connected to its side. Below 30T the bin is interlocked not to feed the wash plant to avoid coal and the bin lining being subjected to impact causing damage and excess fines generation. The maximum feed rate of the vibrating feeder and the capacity of the belt is 200t/h. Coal from Conveyor belt 18-31 is fed onto a feed preparation screen.
To suppress dust and effect screening, pressurized water from the Magnetic separator effluent chute is used. The screen oversize (-75+6mm) is fed into the DMS drum while the undersize (-6mm) also called fines, goes to the effluent tank. The slurry is pumped to the desliming cyclone to recover water and coal. The cyclone overflow is pumped to the thickener where solids will gravitate to the bottom. The thickener slurry is then pumped to the filters press where a filter cake will be produced. Water recovered from the filter press is recycled back to the thickener. The underflow of the cyclone is dewatered on a screen and combined with the sinks (+32mm ) coal to the thermal stockpile by Conveyor 18-33.
The +6mm particles together with the medium are fed to the 200t/h Wemco drum. The medium density, which ranges from 1.42-1.55 t/m³, can be regulated depending on the quality of coal fed and produced. Coal with a bulk density of 1.0t/m³ is supposed to float while the gangue sinks but because of near density material there is a possibility of the gangue reporting to the float (or middlings being displaced). Inside the drum there is a lifter which collects all the sinks and deposits it into the launder. It is then directed to an extended launder onto a screen. The screen drains the concentrated medium from the sinks coal.
Medium is rinsed off from the coal initially with the Magnetic Separator flood water and finally with clean water sprays. The drained off medium goes to the Correct Medium tank (CM tank) while the rinsed off medium goes to Dilute Medium tank (DM tank). The washed coal is then crushed using a rolling ring crusher to a top size of 32mm and conveyed to the thermal stockpile by Conveyor belt 18-33 onto Conveyor belt18-15.
After the rinses, close the stopcock and fill the buret up to the 0.00mL line with NaOH. Quickly, open the stopcock to fill the tip of the buret and then close the stopcock. Record the initial volume of the NaOH to the nearest 0.01mL.
The backbone of the system is the patented bullet system. This is a system entirely designed by the company. It consists of large motors that create vacuum through 8” pvc, which can move linen at a high rate of speed. Counting bins can also be incorporated into this system.It can perform a number of tasks.
To assemble this apparatus all of the following will be needed: a jacketed condenser, thermometer, 50 mL kjeldahl shaped flask, 100 mL kjeldahl flask, vacuum adapter, distilling column and a connecting adapter. Next, clamp the glass joints to the ring stand to properly secure the apparatus. Once finished with assembly, proceed to ad 60 mL of the fermented yeast prepared at the last experiment lab to the 100 mL flask and also add a small spin vane. Then, carefully place the flask into the sand bath. After this is done, let the water run that’s connected to the condenser slowly. At the same time, also slowly heat up the solution. For the experiment to be the most successful it’s important to slowly heat the flask because properly heating the flask will lead to a high percentage purity ethanol distillation. You can also add aluminum foil to the bottom of the flask, as this will help with the reflux process. Keenly observe the reflux process as you continue to slowly heat up the solution. Once the reflux line starts to get nearer to the connection adapter, record the temperatures. Once there’s a good amount of distillate in the 50 mL flask, go ahead and collect 2 to 3 mL of the distillate and transfer this into a labeled vial and give to your TA so he/she can measure out the distillate using a 1000 mL Eppendorf pipette. Lastly, weigh the solution on an analytical balance and record the weight. Using the weight recorded, calculate the density and compare to the density table listed below to determine the percent
The aqueous residues will contain the heavy metal ions of Ag and the organic residues will contain halogenated hydrocarbons so it is important not to dispose of any waste down the sink. Place all residues in the marked beaker in the fume cupboard. At the end of the practical, the two immiscible layers in the combined waste can be
The exhibit will explain how coal has impacted history in environmental aspects and how exhibiting the harsh effects will educate the generations to come of the importance of renewable clean fuel. The exhibit will also instill in mind that without the mining of coal and utilizing it as fuel, we wouldn’t have progressed as an industrial endeavor for more advanced technology to be
trapped it beneath the rock. Press/heat changed some of it to coal, oil, and natural gas;
They previously made due on charcoal but with the ascending popularity of steam engines and furnaces there was a demand for coal. Improvements in the steam engine and development of factories by Arkwright and Watt further increased this growing demand of coal. Mining was extremely dangerous flooding, encounters with explosions from damp gas (explosive gas found deep in the earth) or poisons gas, and collapses were not uncommon. In an attempt to avoid these issues they set up ventilation and had young children called trappers open and close them so coal trucks could pass through. They also deemed it would protect the rest of the coal if an explosion were to occur.
Comment on class result with respect to differences in filter types, differences in filter assemblies, and overall on the confidence you would have in using this type of sterilisation process in preparation of pharmaceutical products. List the factors that may cause contamination during filtration. (20 marks)
Coal is one of the world’s most abundant fossil fuels. Coal was formed during the Carboniferous Period when dead plant material was buried and subjected to high pressure and heat. Coal is classified by moisture content and composition. There are four d...
This fluid is made up of 32.5% urea in 67.5% de-ionized water. This mixture is then injected into the exhaust stream using an advanced catalyst system. When DEF is released into the exhaust stream the hot exhaust causes the fluid to release ammonia which then breaks down the greenhouse harming gas of NOx into nitrogen and water. This fluid must be refilled at approximately every 10,000 miles (Voelcker).
As the laboratory generates waste, it is accumulated following the procedures list in this document.
Lower quality coal is used for generating electricity. To generate electricity they burn the coal in a power plant to produce steam. The steam then travels through a turbine and generates power. The higher quality coal is used for making iron and steel. Coal is retrieved from nature by mining, either from an underground mine or from an aboveground mine. Due to the difficulty of underground mining coal from underground mines sells for more money. After the coal is mined it is processed to remove impurities from it. Lastly it is transported, “The cost of shipping coal can be more than the cost of mining it.” (US Energy Information Administration, 2013). Transportation methods include, truck, barge, train, and pipeline.
Yasui H. and Shibata M., 1994. An innovative approach to reduce excess sludge production in the activated sludge process. Water Sci. Technol. 30, 11-20.
... temperature of 112 0C also and a pressure 2.5 bar. Cooling water is used to condense the vapor exiting column. Remaining methane and hydrogen are separated in reflux drum where the vapor stream is combined with other gases streams. The overhead of first and second separator are combined to form fuel gas. The liquid stream exiting in the bottoms of the reflux drum is pumped at pressure of 3.3 bar for discharging pressure. The pump stream is separated in two streams. One stream is to feed to tray one of the column and the other one stream is cooled down to 38 0C in heat exchanger. Then, the cooled product stream is sent to storage.
The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is a machine used in factories, to clean out the waste solid particle, for example ash from the exhaust gas, allowing clean exhaust gas exit through the chimney. The electrostatic precipitator functions by using first allow the exhaust gas with the waste solid particles pass through the Nozzle as shown in the diagram below. Then the exhaust gas passes through inlet gas distribution, which evenly distributes the gas as shown below in a turquoise color, and starts going through the Discharge electrodes and the collector plates, which is shown in the diagram red and blue respectively. The discharge electrodes, which are powered by high voltage direct current, ionize the gas along with the other solid waste particles negatively. The collector plates are also charged with high voltage electricity, but it is positively charged, therefore attracting the negatively charged solid particle, because oppositely charged particles attract. This allows the clean exhaust gas pass through the other end, while the solid waste particles are trapped in the collector plates. Eventually when there are enough solid waste particles collected on the collector plates, the collect plates shakes off the collected waste, where it drops to the bottom of the shaft as shown in the diagram as “Hopper”.