As with any new monarch in Europe came with them profound changes on the policies and governing of that time period. This was especially true following the birth of the Protestant Reformation and religion. Rulers of the time period were pressed to follow the old ways of religion in Catholicism or embrace the revolutionary Lutheranism or Protestantism movements. A few intelligent, humane leaders decided to be neutral on this issue, and they were defined as the politiques. Elizabeth I, Henry of Navarre and William the Silent were all extraordinary rulers of their respective monarchies. Their tolerance of religion was revolutionary for the time period, and is how they all relate to the singular word, politique. Each had their own degree of tolerance for the opposing religion. Elizabeth I created her tolerant state by symbolic notions, Henry of Navarre was a boisterous ruler always looking to make his policies of tolerance known to his people, and William the Silent took the quiet approach with his inaction to religious persecution. Each of these rulers manifested a politique not only through their toleration of religion, but their varying degrees of tolerance. Politique rulers were often more concerned with their people obeying the laws with which they laid out rather than what religion they were practicing. These rulers usually supported the religion they practiced, but they also tolerated the opposing religion in their land. Each ruler had a certain degree of tolerance with which they accepted the opposing religion. For Elizabeth I it was truly symbolic. At the start of Elizabeth’s reign she began by making selections for her council. In her predecessor’s, Queen Mary’s, council was all staunch Catholics because Mary wanted all o... ... middle of paper ... ...te their own opinions, and that is what he let them do. He let his title of a politique ruler manifest him through silence, which differed tremendously from Henry of Navarre. He never spoke out and sort of just let things be (Harrison 40-42). With any new monarch’s ascension to the throne, there comes with it changes in the policies of the country. From Elizabeth’s new council, to Henry’s documented polices and even to William the Silent’s inaction in response to threats were all policies that needed to be worked out by the new rulers. This group of rulers all had something in common; they chose to let their people make their religious preference solely on their beliefs but they all differed in their ways of letting this come about. This was monumental for the time period in which they lived, but it was something that needed to be done to progress national unity.
One monarch who faced limited royal power due to his relationship with parliament was Henry IV. This uneasy relationship was mainly down to the fact that Henry was a usurper, and was exacerbated by his long periods of serious illness later in his reign. Parliament was thus able to exercise a large amount of control over royal power, which is evident in the Long Parliament of 1406, in which debates lasted from March until December. The length of these debates shows us that Henry IV’s unstable relationship had allowed parliament to severely limit his royal power, as he was unable to receive his requested taxation. A king with an amiable relationship with parliament, such as Henry V, and later Edward IV, would be much more secure in their power, as taxation was mostly granted, however their power was also supported more by other factors, such as popularity and finances. Like Henry IV, Henry VI also faced severely limited power due to his relationship with parliament.
Finally, the Post-Revisionist historians believe that the relationship between Elizabeth and her parliaments was one of “cooperation and consent” in some cases, and “conflict and consent” in others. In cases where they believed that there was conflict, they believe that it came from the Privy Council. In order to answer the question, the different schools of thought need to be taken into account, along with the events that back these views up, and the relationships at the individual parliaments need to be assessed, e.g. Religion, succession, free speech, and the monopolies parliaments. Firstly, take religion, which was discussed at the session in 1559. It can be argued that at this individual... ...
efore be concluded that there were a number of factors which influenced the Elizabethan religious settlement. All of them were as important as each other, and some were repercussions of others. For example, it is difficult to distinguish whether the House of Commons and Lords acted as a result of manners of the Privy Council and Cecil. The issues in question are therefore all inter-related and it is impossible to judge, without further evidence, which influenced the Queen the most. Bibliography ------------
In 1553, Mary I became the Queen of England. Mary married King Philip of Spain in order to secure Catholicism in England. Elizabeth unwillingly became the leader of Mary’s opposition, the British Protestants of the time. She attempted to force her younger sister, Elizabeth, into attending Catholic mass in order to set an example for her followers. Elizabeth was raised Protestant and didn’t want to convert, so she avoided mass by complaining of stomach aches. A man named Thomas Wyatt sent a letter informing Elizabeth that he was planning a rebellion in order to prevent the marriage between the two royals.
Elizabeth II was the first child and was born in her grandfather’s house and was baptized at Bingham Palace on May 29. Elizabeth II holds the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England at the denomination of the Episcopalian faith. She is also a member in the Church of Scotland-a Presbyterian denomination, conflicts to a degree. Anglican denomination that goes back to Protestantism that came after the 16th century reformation. Catholicism emerged into two reforms, after the crowning of her mother Queen Elizabeth I Anglicanism finally came together. Anglicanism prominences on reason, Scripture, and simple religious devotion in contrary to Presbyterian that is broken into two parts: a pattern of religious thought and “government”.
Queen Elizabeth I was said to be one of the best rulers of England. Unlike rulers before her, she was a Protestant and not a Catholic. She was not stupid though. She did go to church and did everything that Catholics did to prevent getting her head cut off under the rules of her sister Mary. Elizabeth was very young when she came to rule. She was only 17 years old when her sister Mary died and she took over.
Since the beginning of the sixteenth century, Western Europe experienced multiple types of rulers which then led to the belief that rulers should be a combination of leadership types. Some rulers were strong, some weak, and some were considered to rule as tyrants. All of these were versions of absolutism which gave kings absolute power over their provinces and countries. Over time kings began to believe that their supreme power was given to them by God in a belief known as Divine Right. The people looked at Divine Right kings as those who would incorporate God’s will into their politics; however, many kings took this power and turned it into tyrannical opportunities. By the time the seventeenth century came around, kings continued to believe in Divine Right and absolute power which continued to create many tyrannical kings and caused many of the people to begin to fight the king’s power by granting some rights to the people. These uprisings led to more people believing that they have certain rights that the king cannot ignore. By the eighteenth century, many rulers started to combine their absolute power with including the newly granted rights of the people. The belief also shifted from Divine Right to one that the people gave the king his power which led to kings like Frederick II of Prussia to rule with his people’s interests in mind.
However, he didn't listen to the duke of york who desperately wanted a say. This could have been another reason for the outbreak of conflict because the people didn't think he always made the right decision and the duke of York didn't like not being listened to. Another problem was with patronage, as Henry was overgenerous, but only to some people, he would give lots of patronage to Somerset and Suffolk but none to York. This was even worse because he had borrowed from York and instead if paying him back, gave patronage to others. He gave away more and more money and land so that there wasn't much left for important times like war and to make people happy or come onto his side.
Parliament addressed Elizabeth, “of whose most lawful right and title in the succession of the Crown, thanks be to God, we need not to doubt” (Beesly 1).
An Analysis of the Absolute Monarchy of France in the 17th Century This historical study will define the absolute monarchy as it was defied through the French government in the 17th century. The term ‘absolute” is defined I the monarchy through the absolute control over the people through the king and the royal family. All matters of civic, financial, and political governance was controlled through the king’s sole power as the monarchical ruler of the French people. In France, Louis XIII is an important example of the absolute monarchy, which controlled all facts of military and economic power through a single ruler. Udder Louis XIII’s reign, the consolidation of power away from the Edicts of Nantes to dominant local politics and sovereignty
Henry VIII and Queen Elizabeth I may have been the English Reformation’s greatest benefactors, all because of self interest. Henry VIII was not originally Protestant, but after the pope denied him of his divorce, Henry VIII took things into his own hands. Due to the power kings had in the Middle Ages, Henry VIII was able to control Parliament and force it to do whatever he wanted. So in 1534, Henry VIII forced Parliament to pass a law he made known as the Act of Supremacy. The Act of Supremacy stated that the king ought to be the head of the Church of England. This law gave the king complete power over the Church of England, instead of the pope. However, the type of church and state relationship did not change. Rather all the Act of Supremacy did was take power from the pope and give it to the king. Surprisingly, the Catholics did not retaliate against this strong change. The pope had always been the head of the church, but now the king had taken his position. This serves as an example of nationalism. The Catholics did not think about how removing the pope could harm their religion in any way. However, instead the people blindly followed Henry VIII because he was the leader of the nation and they assumed he was right. Also, by imposing other laws that punished Protestants, Henry VIII did not give the people much of a choice. Fortunately, for Henry VII, nationalis...
In the late 16th century England experienced poverty, starvation, increase in population, inequality amongst women and men, and lack of opportunity in the work force. During this time England was torn between two religions, Catholicism and Protestantism. England’s economy was primarily agricultural, workers were tied to their land. Due to the social inequality of the 16th century, women were limited to their rights and men were superior. Women worked in the clothing industry and men worked primarily on the farm. Due to the economic hardships in England, men and women migrated to London for a better life. The nation was under the rule of Queen Elizabeth, who surpassed the restrictions placed on women. This paper explores the shortcomings and hardships experienced in Elizabethan England.
Elizabeth wanted to create one religion for the entirety of England, one that would hopefully make both religious groups in England happy. One factor which led to the Elizabethan settlement was her own personal religious preferences, she did not favour one religion over the other however she did quote “There is one Christ, Jesus Christ, one faith. All else is a dispute over trifles”. She tried to make the people of England happy by not persecuting a group like Mary before her did, Elizabeth believed that combining aspects of both religions into one would solve the proble...
One of them was that the strong protestants and strong Catholics both wanted different things. Queen Elizabeth was a Moderate Protestant. To solve this she made a religious settlement. The official religion she made England was Protestant, but The religious settlement of 1559 she made was balanced. For example, a rule that made the protestants happy was that the bible was in English.
Burns, Julia. "Notes MLA 6318". Church and State in Early Modern England. Fall 2013. Dr. D. David.