Plasma Amino Acids

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Seventeen plasma amino acids were estimated. Plasma amino acids were assorted into four groups. They are (1) Essential amino acids (EAA): Total plasma concentrations of phenylalanine, valine, threonine, isoleucine, methionine, histidine, leucine and lysine were included as essential amino acids. (2) Non essential amino acids (NEAA): Total amino acid concentrations of aspartate, glutamate, serine, glycine, arginine, alanine, proline, tyrosine and cystine were included as nonessential amino acids. (3) Total amino acids (Total AA): Total plasma concentration of all amino acids (4) Branched chain amino acids (BCAA): Total plasma amino concentrations of valine, leucine and isoleucine Ratios between certain amino acids or groups of amino acids which are metabolically related were calculated: (1) Fischer ratio: Fischer ratio, defined as molar ratio of branched chained amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine) to aromatic amino acids (Phenylalanine, tyrosine). Branched chained amino acids are mainly metabolized in muscles and aromatic amino acids are metabolized in the liver. Numerous reports have suggested that amino acid imbalance between branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids, leading to a decreased Fischer ratio in both experimental and clinical liver failure. (2) Phenylalanine / Tyrosine ratio (Phe / Tyr ratio): Elevations in the plasma phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio have potential value for estimating the presence of an inflammatory disease and the catabolic state (Wannemacher RW et al, 1976). (3) Glycine / Branched chain amino acids ratio (Gly/BCAA ratio): Changes in glycine to branched chain amino acids would indicate protein intake (Oberholzer VG and Briddon A, 1990). (4) Glycine / Valine ratio: (Gly / Val... ... middle of paper ... ...ients (table 12.1-E), as well as diabetic and non-diabetic CP patients, in comparison with controls (table 12.1-D). In addition, glycine to branched chain amino acid ratio was significantly elevated in tropical CP patients when compared to alcoholic CP patients (table 12.1-D). Glycine to valine ratio, an indicator of protein malnutrition was significantly elevated in CP patients, diabetic and non-diabetic CP patients and tropical CP patients in comparison with controls. Relation between pain and plasma levels of glutamate and glycine Plasma glutamate and glycine concentrations were significantly higher in CP patients with pain, when compared to patients without pain (p < 0.001) (fig 12.1). More patients with pain had high (>90th percentile) plasma free glutamate (88.5% vs 2.2%, p<0.001) and glycine (36.2% vs.2.2%, p<0.001) as compared to patients without pain.

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