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Literature review for performance appraisal
Literature review for performance appraisal
Literature review for performance appraisal
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3.0 METHODOLOGY
From the above study, an overview of performance appraisal in relation to management and its importance to the field of Human Resource Department was provided. One problem introduced, is the growing unwillingness on the part of organizations to experiment with performance appraisal approaches. Unfortunately, much of this experimentation does not make its way into the supporting body of knowledge. The other problem concerns performance appraisal research from the employee perspective. Although the reactions of employees to performance are of growing research interest, study lags far behind work done from the managerial or organizational perspectives. These two problems, alone, suggest many avenues of research and any number of potential studies. For this study, a manageable research question emerged: How do employees describe the experience of motivating Performance Communication discussion? This question promised contributions toward both problems. It represented an opportunity to hear the voices of employees as they describe their experiences with a substantially renewed performance management system.
To address these problems and find a response to the research question this study used a phenomenological research design. The purpose of this section is to present the research setting and describe the phenomenological research methods followed in this study.
Research setting:
The study deals with the performance appraisal in Jitambue organization board. This study is based on primary data collected by undertaking a field survey. A structured questionnaire was designed for this study, which was administered to selected sample of 80 employees of Jitambue Head office, London, belonging to all cadres of employme...
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...ulture and a review of contemporary trends, California: Sage publications.
Greene, R. (2010). Rewarding Performance: guiding principles; custom strategies, Routledge/Taylor-Francis.
Grote, R. (1996). The Complete Guide to Performance Appraisal, New York: AMACOM
Harmon, E., Hensel S. and Lukes T., (2006), Measuring Performance in Services, The McKinsey Quarterly
Longnecker C. (2005). Managerial Performance Appraisals: the good, the bad, and the ugly, HR Advisor
Mathis R. and Jackson, J. (2009). Human Resource Management: essential perspectives, Mason: Cengage learning
McElrath, D. (1987). Hazelden: a spiritual odyssey. Minnesota: Hazelden
Milkovich, G. and Newman, J. (2002). Compensation. (9th ed)
Murphy, R. and Cleveland, J. (1995). Understanding Performance Appraisal: social, organizational, and goal-based perspectives, California: Sage Publications.
Qualitative research is an approach that attempts to situate an activity that locates the observer in the world by providing the study to occur in their natural setting and by attempting to make sense of, or interpret information (Denzin and Lincoln, 2005). A characteristic of qualitative research is to use a variety of empirical materials such as personal experience, interviews, and questionnaires. It is imperative to understand the task at hand and how to fully carry out the study when using a qualitative research approach in order to find out the information needed. One view of qualitative research is it involves examining individual’s experiences and documenting those experiences in detail (Jones, 2011). By documenting these observations the researcher is ensuring validity in his or her data and giving the correct creditability to those who participated in the study.
The second chapter is titled, “Setting and Methods” and sets out to make clear to the reader the specific methods and research conducted during the study. This study is the primary purpose of the book, and as with all research studies, how one conducts their research is incredibly important, especially if the study plans to be replicated at any point in time. The topics included in this cha...
The performance assessment and appraisal forms are crucial within the performance management system (Aguinis, 2014). However, the appraisal form within the case study provided is designed for the supervisor’s use thus missing one vital factor throughout the entire process, employee participation. Thus, questioning the validity and reliability of the process. This is especially concerning as the bottom 10 per cent of employees are being fired and the top 20 per cent are being rewarded with $5,000.00 based on what their supervisor records on the form without consultation with employees. Thus, supervisors may not provide accurate scores as they do not have to justify their responses (Aguinis,
Based on your view of the objectives of performance evaluation, evaluate the perspectives about performance appraisal presented by the managers.
There is an array of key components and factors involved in making an organization a successful business. One of those elements consists on evaluating employee’s performance; this sole component is critical in determining how effective is the organization’s productivity and which are the necessary steps to ensure proper functioning. “The performance appraisal may be one of the few times during the year where an employee and the reviewer, typically the employee's supervisor, can sit down and have a lengthy face-to-face discussion about all aspects of the job” (Joseph, 2016). Employees’ performance assessment serves as an instrument to gather important information as to which areas of the job description are being performed according to standards
focused on the key qualitative research methods. For each article review, a brief description, guided by Myers (2013), and a critique, guided Pratt (2009), is provided. A summary of the five articles identifying the research method, data collection technique, data analysis approach and critique is provided in Table 1. The narrative review of each article coupled with figures and tables to organize and visualize thoughts (Pratt, 2009) follows the summary table.
Performance appraisal is perceived by most as a tool to reward or penalize employees for their good or bad work respectively by the end of a year. This notion is a challenge in itself to deal with. The whole exercise becomes dull for both supervisors and their subordinates and they tend to look at it as an additional responsibility which they have to finish. In the end, there is little or no value addition for either the employee or the organization. There are, however, better ways of looking at and conducting performance appraisals. It can give much needed feedback to both performers and laggards to improve upon and if done properly can even boost their motivation. More importantly, they provide a chance to employees to have a say in their goal setting and thus aligning it with the departmental and organizational goals. Also, the process itself has a value in team making.
In this paper I critically reflect on five different self-assessments: locus of control (LOC), emotional intelligence (EI), listening self-inventory, team member type and conflict management. Throughout my discussion, I focus on their correlations and apply the gathered information to my work-life experiences. I will also provide a systematic assessment of each of these questionnaires. This evaluation will address any possible weaknesses I had found within the tests and prepare my final conclusions based upon those final educated results.
Qualitative and Quantitative study designs both can be beneficial in research design. They both provide valuable options for researchers in the field. These techniques can either be used separately in a research study or they can be combined to achieve maximum information. This paper will define the terms qualitative and quantitative; describe the similarities and differences between each; discuss how qualitative and/or quantitative research designs or techniques could be used in the evaluation of my proposed research; and discuss why linking analysis to study design is important.
The manager communicates with the members of staff individually on a regular basis providing all the necessary information about the employee’s overall performance as it relates to their roles in the workplace. This performance appraisal is beneficial to employees as it allows them to create an outline for their goals with the greatest effort it should not be used to lower the employee’s level of motivation but seek to increase it.
Organization is a group of people brought to gather to achieve specific goals. Goals can be achieved if team member are performing well. Performance is the results of activities given to the employees in an organization to be achieved within specific period of time. Evaluating the current performance of employees against past performances and organizational standards is known as Performance Appraisal (Dessler, 2005). Furthermore performance appraisal helps the company know how individual employees are performing and how to improve their performance thus improving the performance of the company (Grubb, 2007). A performance appraisal is propose in which the performance management system in an organizations set work goals, determine performance standards, provide performance feedback, determine training and development needs and distribute rewards as well as evaluating an employee’s job performance during a period of time. The performance of team member is much more than appraising individuals’ works, it is managing the business, so the performance of an employee is influences by the performance of an organization. It is target to achieve the best results for the planned strategic by managing activities of employees. There are many different opinions on the performance appraisals, some organizations do performance appraisals without any aim just follow others., where some organizations do performance appraisals to make sure they have a record of a piece of paper in the employee’s file – they are careless about do corrective action. But successful organizations understand the importance of combining performance appraisals into their performance management process and strategy plan as the success of any organizatio...
There are several reasons organizations initiate performance evaluations, however the standard purpose for performance evaluations is to discuss performance expectations; not only from the employers perspective but to engage in a formal collaboration where the employee and the manager are both able to provide feedback in a formal discourse. There are many different processes an organization should follow when developing its performance evaluation tool; in addition essential characteristics that must accompany an effective performance appraisal process. I will discuss in detail the intent of a performance evaluation, the process an organization should follow in using its performance evaluation tool, along with the characteristics of an effective
The performance method can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of employee at work through performance appraisals
The research was designed using qualitative model based on exploratory design. This was done to facilitate multi-faceted study with a broader prospective. Basic percentage analysis was done to supplement qualitative analysis. The study was conducted with the help of a Questionnaire. To deepen the understanding data was collected from a variety of books, Internet web pages, and articles of different kinds conducted was descriptive in nature. Descriptive research includes survey and facilitating enquiries of different
Banner, D. K., Graber, J. M. (1985). Critical issues in performances appraisal. Journal of Management Development. Issue 4. Pp. 27-35.