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Can a pedophile be treated
Case study of pedophilic disorder
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1. Define pedophilic disorder, being sure to describe the “typical” individual with this disorder. Second, describe a form of therapy that has been used with pedophiles. (233) Pedophilic disorders are where the individual experiences consisted and frequent sexual urges, fantasies, or behavior that involve touching and rubbing a non-consenting individual. It is also said that men with this disorder usually have other psychological disorders. Individuals, usually develop this disorder in adolescence and have been abused, neglected, punished, or deprived a close relationship during their childhood. Also they are usually married and have problems especially sexual difficulties that lead them to seek to be the master instead of the immature individuals they are. Their social and sexual skills maybe lacking and lead them to distorted thinking like it’s all right to have sex with a child as long as they agree, but they also blame the child if they’re caught or say the child benefited from the encounter. Individuals with this disorder usually experience greater arousal from prepubescent or early pubescent children, but other are attracted to adults (Comer, 2014, p.411). The treatment for this disorder is about the same as other paraphilic disorder with aversion therapy, masturbatory satiation, orgasmic reorientation, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and antiandrogen drugs, but the most effective treatment for some is in the cognitive-behavioral therapy which they call relapse prevention training. It is the same treatment used for substance abuse where the individual identifies what triggers their pedophilic urges and actions. Then they learn new techniques for avoiding or coping with those urges and actions (Comer, 2014, p.413). Referen... ... middle of paper ... ...horia, but there has not been sufficient knowledge about the effects in humans. Rats, male rat to be precise have shown it helps regulate their sexual behavior. Which may be why clinicians believe guys who have gender dysphoria may have a biological difference them uncomfortable with their gender (Comer, 2014, p.417). Some of the treatment options for gender dysphoria are psychotherapy or biological interventions. Some individuals with this disorder change their sexual characteristics with hormone treatments. Men trying to change to a woman will receive estrogen and women trying to change to a man receive testosterone treatments. Some individuals go as far as to change their identity through a sex change or sexual reassignment surgery (Comer, 2014, p.418, 420). References Comer, R. J. (2013) Abnormal Psychology, 8th Ed. New York, NY: Worth Publishers.
When a late adolescent or adult is primarily or exclusively attracted to a minor child sexually they become diagnosed with the psychiatric disorder pedophilia. Mostly a person is not diagnosed with this disorder unless they have had this attraction for six months or longer. This attraction can be in the form of fantasies which are sexually arousing to the perpetrator, or the urge to engage in sexual activities with a minor child. In addition, in order to be diagnosed the molester will have to have acted on these urges or suffered from some type of distress, which will be result from having these feelings. Also the molester should be at least sixteen years old with the victim being younger than them by a minimum of five years.
The effects of childhood sexual abuse carry on with the children forever. To what extent and to what effect does abuse have on children during adulthood? What are the main issues that adults have been abused suffer from in adulthood? Do they have more of a physical issue with preforming with their partner in the bedroom or do they have more of a mental block due to their trauma? The world had been asking these questions for far too long and we need answers on how helping the children of our world. The questions that have been stated have been answered through the two articles that will be summarized below.
Sexuality is very diverse, in some instances normality is based on the cultural context of the individual 's society. In "The other side of desire" by Daniel Bergner, the author goes in depth into the lives of four individual 's whose lust and longing have led them far down the realms of desire. The current paper addresses the four individual 's Jacob, the Baroness, Roy, and Ron each exhibits a paraphilia that may or may not meet the full criteria in the DSM-5. Furthermore, each person’s specific paraphilia is conceptualized and explained in depth. Countertransferential issues anticipated before working with these individuals is analyzed and clarified. Also, the apprehension of sexual arousal and sexual behaviors is conceptualized into normality
Also note that I am using the term ‘child molester’ almost exclusively. This is because there is a difference between a pedophile and a child molester. Pedophilia is a psychological disorder in which a sexually mature adult is attracted, either preferentially or exclusively, to pre-pubescent childr...
Through case study, the psychodynamic approach was developed by Sigmund Freud. Freud visited Charcot’s, a laboratory in Paris investigating people suffering from hysteria. There, Freud began patient case studies (Crain, p. 254). Freud developed 5 stages of human development known as the Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency and Genital stages. The Oral stage is from the ages of birth to 18 months. This stage engages in oral activities such as sucking. Next the Anal stage begins around age 18 months to 3 years of age. Freud suggests that during the Anal stage a child focuses on the pleasure of purging from the rectal area. The Phallic stages, none as the masturbation stage, when a child get’s pleasure from focusing on his genital areas usually happens during ages 3 years to 6 years of age. After the Phallic stage come the Latency stages. Latency is when children at the ages of 6 to 12 years old work to develop cognitive and interpersonal skills suppressing sexual interests but those 12 years and older fall into the Genital stages. During the Genital stage those suppressed sexual interests re-occur and the need to find gratification dependent on finding a partner (Craig & Dunn, p 12)
Genetics, abnormal hormonal levels and brain dysfunction have all been linked to sexual offending. To date, there is no evidence of a genetic in sex-offending (Langevin, 1993), although case reports of pedophilic fathers and sons have been reported (Gaffner, Lurie & Berlin, 1984). Some researchers have hypothesised this to be reflective of neuro-endocrine abnormalities, such that abnormal hormonal levels may disrupt the sexual arousability of an individual. This is based on the belief that the endocrine system drives sexual behaviour (Langevin, 1993). There is some evidence for this in the literature with peripheral blood samples of pedophiles indicating abnormal testosterone levels (Bain et al., 1988) and increased plasma testosterone levels in rapists (Berlin, 1989). However, the use of anti-androgen medication in the treatment of sex offenders aims to reduce sexual arousal by decreasing testosterone levels (Maletzky & Field, 2003). Therefore, there does appear to be some current support for the belief that biologically driven sexual urges may contribute to the motivation of sexual offences.
Homosexuality was once considered a mental illness which lead to attempts to “cure” it. One of the main theories of homosexuality is that it stems from deviant behavior experienced in childhood. Some men develop homosexual attractions due to a bad relationship with a distant father or in response to childhood molestation (Shapio 5). While some homosexual attractions have been caused by these issues, most homosexuals have not been exposed to molestation or family issues. One of the methods to cure homosexuality is conversion therapy. Conversion therapy consists of a variety of methods, both physical and psychological. Some of these methods include praying away the gay, electroconvulsive therapy, hypnosis, and drugs (“11 Ridiculous” 1). There are many camps which are designed for conversion therapy but many of their practices remain secret. There is little information to be found online regarding these camps because they realize that they are behaving inappropriately so they hide their acts. In the 1980s, homosexuality was determined to have a biological cause; this created two sides – supporters of conversion therapy and its detractors (Friedman 1).
It is important to understand the difference between gender and sex. The English language defines “sex” by using the anatomy that an individual is born with. In other words, the reproductive organs that makes someone female or male. “Sex” also includes the chromosomes that someone obtains to make them male or female, the different gonads, sex hormones and the inner and outer genitalia. When defining gender dysphoria and its connection to sex. Within the gender dysphoria disorder, which is a sex disorder, there are other developments that affect the normal and natural indications of each sex assignments. The use of “cross-sex” hormones, are very popular when someone is trying to masculinize or feminize the individuals original gender.
Today it is more popular than before the use of paraphilia. Paraphilia is described as uncommon types of sexual expression (Crooks and Baur 488). The types of sexual behavior can range from fetishism to voyeurism. Adults engage in such behaviors because they fantasize about these acts. The following will explain the reaction of a young person towards its parents engaging in sadomasochistic behavior, transvestism, and internet sex.
When it comes to gender identity, one’s perception on which gender they would prefer has a sociological effect on them. The minor details in our environment can have a major effect on a person such as television shows, books, and many other things. What people are unaware of is this spectrum called a gender continuum that can help show the different ways people identify their selves; a gender continuum is an extension of the gender spectrum that includes various types of “genders”. Many people struggle with gender identity and they are thought to have gender dysphoria. Gender dysphoria is deemed as a mental illness in which a person feels distressed at the fact of them not being able to express their inner identity (web m.d.). Many people that suffer with this disorder go searching for a way to “treat” themselves, but there isn’t a treatment for GID. Psychologist often suggest the best way to help you deal with your gender identity struggles is to go have a talk therapy session with a therapist. It takes a conscious mind to deal with gender identification
Another study shown by Seto, Michael C. surveyed 50 members of a Dutch working group on pedophilia, this study was done by Bernard (1975). It revealed that most of the respondents preferred boys, others preferred age being age 11 or 12. Also, more than half of the respondents were currently having sexual contact with a child, and more than half had been charged for sexual behavior against children. Bernard’s study proved that pedophilia is different within any person who possess it, it can vary within a good amount of characteristics. As stated by Seto, Michael C., Bernard found that, some respondents indicated that they were quite young when they became aware of their sexual interest in young children, and 90% indicated that they did not wish to give up their sexual contacts with boys, despite criminal discipline or involvement in treatment. There were also clinical samples done according to Seto, Michael C. These clinical samples presented a further source of enlightenment. Galbreath, Berlin and Sawyer (2002) reported data from 39 individuals who used the internet for sexual purposes. The study Galbreath, berlin and Sawyer managed disclosed that, 55% percent of the outpatients had downloaded child pornography, and 34% had attempted to meet a minor for sex through the internet.
For many individuals, sexual and gender identity is a highly controversial topic to discuss. Those who have inconsistency with their internal or mental sense of gender compared to their physical gender is now described as a psychological disorder and is found amongst adults and adolescents. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders gender dysphoria also known as gender identity disorder refers to the stresses that accompany with the variances between one’s physical gender they were assigned at birth and one’s expressed or emotional gender (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Gender dysphoria can be contributed to many different stressors determined by ones social interactions. Throughout the years the diagnosis of gender dysphoria has evolved due to the progression of medicine and new treatment discoveries to help limit further mental issues that come with sexual identity disorders.
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a common sexual problem for both male and females where there is an absence or deficiency of sexual fantasies and sexual activity which is causing distress to one’s lifestyle. It affects approximately 33% of women and 17% of men ages 18-59. Unfortunately for those who suffer from it, it is a complex dysfunction as a result of having many different causes. The three major categories for factors of HSDD are physical (like aging or hormone imbalances), psychological (things like anxiety, relationship problems, or poor body image), and medication (like certain antidepressants or blood pressure medications) (Kingsberg, 2010.) According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Throughout the world, the protection of children is the main priority. When it comes to the United States, pedophiles are recognized as a threat to the wellbeing of kids of ages of 13 and under. Pedophilia is a mental disorder that can be treated; however, there is no cure for it. This means that pedophiles could be aided in a manner that protects both the pedophile and the youth. In the United States pedophilia is viewed more as a criminal case than a mental disorder resulting in criminal cases of pedophilia not decreasing and the endangerment of the pedophile and their mental health.
The American Psychiatric Association does not define atypical sexual interests as a disorder unless it causes personal distress, causes another person psychological or physical injury, or involves a person unwilling or unable to give legal consent. These distinctions were made to show that individuals who engage in atypical sexual behavior must not be inappropriately labeled as having a mental disorder. When we think of sexual orientation, we usually think of the continuum of gay, straight, and bisexual, but sexual orientation is a deep-seated attraction toward a certain kind of person. Erotic desire includes attention, attraction, fantasy, thoughts, urges, genital arousal, and behavior. It is further complicated by variations of dominance or submission, sadism and masochism, fetishes, and consent or no consent. These interests may be single or multiple, exclusive or nonexclusive, idiosyncratic or opportunistic, stable or fluid. Possible legal consequences, lack of opportunity, and unwillingness or inability to act all work to constrain our behavior. The sooner we learn this concerning human sexual behavior, the sooner we shall reach a sound understanding of the realities of sex. The reasons for our sexual choices are analyzed obsessively, imposing an undue emphasis on categorization rather than accepting the great diversity of same-sex attractions. But the act of categorizing all of these atypical sexual attractions does not mean that acting on them is either legal or morally acceptable nor unacceptable. Explanations for all of the elements of our sexual attractions are complex and probably unknowable. All research runs the risk of reductionism, but when research on sexuality focuses exclusively on genital sexual activity --to the exclusion of considerations of attraction, affection and affiliation--it falls short in understanding our