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Psychoanalytic perspective child development
Psychoanalytic perspective child development
The psychology of ocd
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Children with mental health illness’s have recieved insufficent attention particuarly in the the domains of research, practice and funding within health care services. Nevertheless, there has been an greater emphasis placed on psychosocial and pharamogolical treatments that are tailored to children rather than a extension of adult mental health practices (Pyle, Jordan, and Saklofkse, 2009). As many childhood disorders were once believed to to dissipate as children aged, it is essential to acknowledge that these disorders, actually have a large effect on future development (Fichter, Kohlboeck, Quadflieg, Wyschkon and Esser, 2009). As such, knowing the development and stability of psychopathology from childhood into adolesnce provides important infformation for the prevention and treatment of mental health illnesses. Obsessive Compulsive disorder in middle childhood, commonly referred to as pediatric obsessive comulsive disorder (OCD) has been found to be the most common mental health illnesess of childhood. It was once considered to be rather uncommon among children but recent data indicates prevalance rates between 0.5% and 2% It is a persistent, impairing disorder that creates serious long-term risk for children who are affected (Peris and Piacentini, 2014). Previous research has found that when assessing OCD the defintions for age of onset varies however, for OCD in middle childhood the age of onset has been found to range from 7 to 10 years of age ( Anholt et al. 2014). For children with OCD it is of utomost importance that an assessment is completed in a timely and accurate manner. An assessment of present symptoms is esential to identify the severity of their presenation, recommend possible treatments, and monitor the ... ... middle of paper ... ...with exposure and response prevention. Neuropsychiatry, 2(4), 291-300. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/npy.12.38 Peris, T. S., & Piacentini, J. (2014). Addressing barriers to change in the treatment of childhood obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Rational - Emotive & Cognitive - Behavior Therapy, 32(1), 31-43. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10942-014-0183-6 Pyle, N., Jordan, J., & Saklofske, D. H. (2009). Childhood mental health disorders: Evidence base and contextual factors for psychosocial, psychopharmacological, and combined interventions. Canadian Psychology, 50(1), 49-50. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/220820260?accountid=14068 Stewart, S. E., Hezel, D., & Stachon, A. C. (2012). Assessment and medication management of paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. Drugs, 72(7), 881-93. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11632860-000000000-00000
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a disease that afflicts up to six million Americans, however all its characteristics are yet to be fully understood. Its causes, triggers, attributes, and variations are still unknown although effective medicines exist to treat the symptoms. OCD is a very peculiar disease as Rapoport discusses it comes in many different forms and have different symptoms yet have many similarities. One sure aspect is that it appears, or at least its symptoms do, out of the blue and is triggered either by stressful experiences or, most of the time, just appears out of nowhere. One example is a boy who's father was hard on him for being affected by the worlds "modern ways", the boy at a high school party tries LSD ( a hallucinatory drug), after that thoughts of whether his mind was dangerously affected by the drug. What seemed like completely appropriate worrying and anxiety turned into attacks of anxiety, he couldn't shake the thoughts that something was wrong with his mind. Essentially he had "his mind on his mind" constantly and that haunted his days his thought were as follows: " did the lsd do anything to my mind? The thought never went away ; instead it got more and more complicated. There must be something wrong with my mind if i am spending so much time worrying about it. Is there something wrong with my mind? Was this from the lsd? Will it ever get better?" (The boy who, J. L. Rapoport 125,126) Dr. Rapoport promptly put him on Anafranil (an anti-depressant, used for OCD, not marketed in the U.
Stagman, Shannon, and Janice L. Cooper. "Children's Mental Health." WWW.nccp.org. Ed. Columbia University. Columbia University, n.d. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. .
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder which causes people to develop an anxiety when certain obsessions or compulsions are not fulfilled. OCD can affect both children and adults with more than half of all adults with OCD stating that they experienced signs as a child. People living with OCD display many obvious signs such as opening and closing a door fifty times because they have to do it “just right”. Others exhibit extreme cleanliness and will wash their hands or take showers as often as they can because they constantly feel dirty. OCD devastates people’s social lives as they are fixated and obsessed with perfection that can take forever to achieve. However people living with OCD are often found to have an above average intelligence and typically excel at school due to their detail oriented mindset, cautious planning and patience. OCD can be caused by many different factors such as genetics or the ever changing world a...
Problem: The prevalence for mental disorder is one in five (Insel, 2013). Brain disorders are usually not diagnosed until later in life with the onset of a change in behavior, consequently it is the last sign of a mental illness (Insel, 2013). Significant change can be made if we assist young children and their parents manage difficulties early in life may prevent the development of disorders. Logically once mental illness develops, it becomes a regular part of your child 's behavior and more difficult to treat (NIH, 2009).
People from all walks of life can get a diagnosis of OCD. It can be found in multiple groups of people in all social and ethnic groups and found in both male and female. Most symptoms are formed in early childhood, the teenage or young adult years. If the appearance of OCD suddenly appears later in life could merit a thorough medical evaluation to ensure that another illness is not the underlining causes of these symptoms. This paper will discuss what OCD is, who actually gets it is, what the actual causes of OCD are, and what the effective treatments for OCD are available out there (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, OCD, ...
Mental health is defined as ‘not being present when psychological distress or maladaptive behavior is appropriate given a child’s age’ by The Health Advisory Service Report (HAS Report, 1995, Cited in Dogra, Parkin, Gale and Frake, 2008). This definition offers a fundamental basis to consider the source of a child’s mental health. In addition, The World Health Organisation (WHO) (2001, Cited in Dogra et al.) mentioned that mental health is a key component of health through which individuals are able recognise their own abilities. Mental disorders can affect mental health in numerous ways and are able to prevent or even reduce the likelihood of accomplishing any goals such as coping with the stresses of life.
Tuma, J. M. (1989). Mental health services for children: The state of the art. American Psychologist, 44(2), 188.
...rse childhood experience and obsessive-compulsive symptoms and beliefs: The role of anxiety, depression, and experiential avoidance. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 1037-1046. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.07.004
There are several things that are included in OCD, including its symptoms, treatments and its involvement with the brain. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder recognize their symptoms to be ego-dystonic which are thoughts one would not usually have and not within one’s control but is still a product of one’s mind. The two common symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder are obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions take the form of persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, images, impulses, worries, fears or doubts. An anonymous writer wrote about his/her images, “These images included hitting, stabbing, poisoning and shooting people, even the people I loved the most…” However, compulsions are either repetitive physical behaviors or mental thought rituals that are performed over and over again to help relieve a person’s anxiety. Over time compulsions can become more elaborate and time- consuming. Shirley Brinkerhoff mentions in her book Amanda, a high school girl facing OCD, said, “Then I started having to count my steps. Like, 387 steps to the bus stop, and if missed...
Always washing your hands? Or perhaps you are always counting things or checking things. Are these actions taking over your life or constantly occupying your mind? Perhaps you have obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). It was once thought that OCD was rare; however, recently it has been found that 2-3% (or 7 million Americans) of people have OCD. People with OCD are usually diagnosed by between the ages of 20 and 30, and about 75% of those who will develop OCD will show symptoms by age 30. (1) This leads to a couple questions that need to be answered: What is OCD? What causes it, and what is the most effective treatment? These questions will be answered throughout the paper.
Is childhood generally a happy and carefree time without any significant pressure and burden? Surprisingly, it is not the case. Clinical depression, a severe mental problem that is characterized by a persistent depressive disorder, is largely influencing children in our society (NIMH "Depression"). Depression rates among young people in America have been increasing steadily for the past fifty to seventy years (Gray). Research shows that today, one in five children in the world have a diagnosable mental, emotional or behavioral disorder, and up to one in ten may suffer from a serious emotional disturbance (Sokolova 1). Unfortunately, even though the issue of childhood depression has become so serious, it is still an often thought among the public
University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital (2006). Children and adolescent mental health glossary. Retrieved November 24th, 2017 from http://www.uchicagokidshospital.org/online-library/content=P02566
People spend thousands of dollars on the works of treatments medicines and services for their children. We need to increase the availability and accessibility of treatment centers for children who develop these disorders. Pediatricians, teachers and mental health specialists should inform children on mental health so they are aware. Some programs and services that parents have available should include therapy, the National Institute on Health, Mental Health Programs, Family Health Services and Health maintenance organization to help parents in case they notice behavioral difference in their child.
Childhood depression has only been recognized as a real clinical problem for about twenty-two years. Before that time, children that exhibited signs that are now recognized as depression were thought to be behavioral problems that the child would grow out of. Psychiatrists believed that children were too emotionally and cognitively immature to suffer from true depression. Childhood was thought to be a carefree, happy time, void of worry and concerns and therefore it was thought that their problems were not serious enough to merit depression. Traumas such as divorce, incest and abuse were not clearly understood how they could effect children in the long range. Childhood depression differs in many aspects from adult depression and widely went unrecognized academic performance, withdrawal and rejection of friends and favorite activities. Some exhibit hyperactivity, while others complain of fatigue and illness often. Many times these symptoms are thought to ‘be just a phase’ in their children, and overlooked as signs of depression.
National Institute of Mental Health. Transforming the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses. Depression in Children and Adolescents (Fact Sheet). Retrieved March 6, 2014, from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/index.shtml