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Oil prices and economic effects
Impact of rising oil prices on the economy
The economic effects of the oil crisis
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Over the last five to seven years, the American people have had to pay outrageous prices at the gas pumps, wildly fluctuating from under $2.00 a gallon or less to paying $4.00 a gallon or even higher for gasoline. This issue of paying unreasonable and unpredictable prices at the pump comes from the higher prices of oil. Most will say that oil prices fluctuate so because of conflicts in the Middle East or due to shortages of oil, but the simple reason of the oil prices go up so high is because of oil speculation. Oil speculation is the single greatest problem of higher gas prices further causing more economic problems and compounding living for the middle and lower class individuals and families. The economical truth is that speculation is not a necessary thing. In fact, it inhibits the economic growth of the nation and will either stifle or completely suppress any economic growth or recovery. The solution to this problem is essential to the survival of the future of the United States’ economy and industrialization. Oil speculation is based on the future demand of oil supplies and on current world events. Basically, what it means is that if a crisis in a region where most of the current oil supply is produced or exported (the Middle East), and then the price of gasoline over in the western world will go up. Currently, the civil war in Libya as well as other uprisings in the Middle East, have contributed to prices increasing from up from a pre- revolution low of $2.50 a gallon to the average of $ 3.57 a gallon over a period of a few months. This increase has been attributed to the conflict in Libya and other countries, currently engaged in political upheaval. Libya only produces two percent of the world’s oil supply, which... ... middle of paper ... ...f the market’s contango [meaning spot oil prices were less than the contracted price on the date of delivery].” (Wallace,5) With the issue of the price of oil continuing to go up, continuing to cause the price of gas to go up which causes the consumer at the pump to use more money while the oil speculators continue to profit wildly. The entire problem causes the economy to stall and fail to accelerate. By removing speculators, the fixed price of a barrel of oil will cause the economy to accelerate and prosper. If famed television personality and decorator Martha Stewart could be prosecuted and jailed for stock speculation and seeking to make more profit by driving up shares in her own company based upon her needs, why can’t big oil and its speculators have the same punishment? It all depends upon who wants to rock the boat or turn their head the other way.
Gasoline is one of the many conversation starters anywhere you go. People have different opinions on why gasoline prices are fluctuating at such a rapid pace. Some Americans have chosen a way of thinking towards the prices. Whether it be making up rumors or just plainly trash talking towards our government. You make ask yourself the same questions many economist do, why has the price of oil been dropping so fast?
America is dependent on other nations for their ability to create energy. The United States is the world’s largest consumer of oil at 18.49 million barrels of oil per day. And it will continue to be that way for the foreseeable future considering the next largest customer of oil only consumes about 60% of what the U.S. does. This makes the U.S. vulnerable to any instability that may arise in the energy industry. In 2011, the world’s top three oil companies were Saudi Aramco (12%), National Iranian Oil Company (5%), and China National Petroleum Corp (4%). The risk associated with these countries being the top oil producers is twofold. One, they are located half way around the world making it an expensive to transport the product logistically to a desired destination. And two, the U.S. has weak, if not contentious,...
the gas prices unfairly in order to make a bigger profit. It's true, gas prices
As it stands, oil companies have a firm grasp of the American economy. As the price of oil increases, the price of living also increases. Not only that, but they are getting away with paying dues they owe. "Oil companies have escaped more than 60 billion dollars in royalties because of a loophole to get access to more leases. The United States is the third largest producer of oil in the world, and 31 percent of that production comes from land owned by the federal government" (Offshore Drilling Will Enrich Big Oil Companies 2). America maintains this title even though "America's crude oil productivity has decreased since 1985" (Crude Oil Production 1). Currently, oil is becoming more expensive and damaging the economy while America is becoming more dependent on foreign oil; decreasing productivity and narrowing offshore drilling.
Economist has analyzed the causes of decline in world oil prices. Typically, the price of oil is determined by demand and supply of the world market and forecast advance to invest in which level of demand depends on the level of economic activity and behavioral use of energy from humans. The oil price decline has a benefit for oil importers like China, India, Japan, Europe but unfortunately for oil exporters such as: Kuwait, Venezuela, Nigeria, and Iraq. Crude oil prices fell steadily in the past seems to be a result of two main factors being the levels of demand declining and a level of increased supplies (Economic, 2015)
Today people all around the world are facing unusually high oil price hikes. Oil has become so very expensive that people are trying all kinds of extreme measures to lower the price.
Simmons estimates crude oil prices to average $24 WTI for 2000 and $21 WTI for 2001, with 1Q00 at $28, 2Q00 at $24, 3Q00 at $23 and 4Q00 at $21. For 2001, they see 1Q01 at $22, 2Q01 at $20, 3Q01 at $21 and 4Q01 stable at $21. Their thesis, relying on inventory-price dependence, is as follows.
The first problem with the renegotiation of this contract was the projected demand for VCM creating a “buyers market”, according to the textbook, “the demand was high, but the supply was to increase exponentially” (Lewicki, Saunders, and Barry 2010) Reliant was already locked into a five year contract with Pacific Oil, but there would be stiff competition at the expiration of the that contract. Knowledge of this market situation put Reliant in a position of leverage and trapped Pacific Oil into a desperate sign at all costs scenario. Gaudin and Fontaine assumed that even with a fluctuation with price; Reliant would sign a new because of their established relationship Pacific Oil. Gaudin and Fontaine’s assumption opened themselves up to more concessions by not attaching conditions to the price adjustment. They could have countered with a reduction of the formula price on the condition of contract length.
The main reason for the price increase is that OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) has decided to cut back on its oil production. What is the reason for this? Simply stated, OPEC knows that they have the United States under their control in terms of what price they want to sell crude oil to us at, and how much they want to ship. With the present economic prosperity in the U.S., it didn’t take long for OPEC to seize the opportunity to make more money by cutting production of crude oil, and thus forcing consumers to pay more for fuel. Just how much higher are prices you ask? “Crude-oil prices in early March hit $34 a barrel, while a year earlier it was selling for $12 a barrel, which is nearly a 75% price increase since last year. This equates to an additional 48 cents a gallon” (Logistics Management 15).
Mast, Tom R. Over a Barrel: A Simple Guide to the Oil Shortage. Austin: Hayden, 2005. Print.
... production costs is amongst the lowest in the world. Iraq has the potential of overthrowing OPEC's regime if OPEC countries like Russia and France are ready to develop Iraq's oilfields so that it can be used to full efficiency. Does this mean that, to stop a monopoly, another monopoly must be used to overcome it? Time will tell, especially when UN sanctions are lifted and the new Iraqi government is formally established.
In conclusion, the supply and demand of oil is a complex issue that depends on several factors. Geopolitical affairs are the major issues that affect supply and demand of oil. Geopolitical factors include wars, uprisings and political inconsistencies in the world. Other factors that influence the demand and supply of oil include market domains, availability of oil, recession and the world GDP. Since 1859, the price of oil has been inconsistent. Despite the fact that oil prices increased and fell, there has been a considerable rising trend in those prices. In most cases, the falling of the price reaches the previous price level. However, increase of prices goes beyond earlier prices. This trend has seen oil prices rise over the years. With this in mind, it is clear that by 2020 the real price of oil will be more than 200 dollars.
Bayon's first body paragraph illustrates America's economic vulnerability in order to prove the topic of America's dangerous overdependence on oil. We consume more than our domestic oil supply due to being so oil dependent, and as a result the author indicates Washington D.C. is practically forced to do business with hostile countries for oil. This creates economic vulnerability of the United States to oil price spikes and inflation possibilities. In 2008, "The United States imported 4 million barrels of oil daily, or 1.5 billion barrels yearly from "dangerous or unstable" countries at a cost of about $150 billion per year. (www.americanprogress.org)." These oil prices of $150 billion dollars per year can be decreased if hydrogen fuel cells were in greater use. As a result of the laws of supply and demand, the United States will have no power over the increasing prices o...
Oil is Important it makes more things possible than most people know. It has far reaching effects on countries. Crude oil is broken down into many everyday products. There are many products that many people don’t even realize are produced from oil being separated. The most important being gasoline. Gas is needed to transport all items that ride on trucks and all people drive. Gas Prices can affect how well off a countries economy is. A good economic situation can determine how help business flourish and give people money to help keep the economy going through consuming goods. Gas prices have risen and fallen through history and has affected everyone form OPEC (Organization of the petroleum Exporting Countries) to the average American consumer. Government policy, scarcity, and abundance can all effect gas prices. The price of Gas has many obvious effects and many effects that may remain unforeseen for quite some time. Gas Prices are important and have cause and effect variables that can be explained and regulated.
A sharply higher oil prices can set difficult economic challenges for oil importing economies as it can simultaneously slow economic growth while stoking inflation. In net oil-importing countries, high and volatile oil prices ripple through the numerous segments of the economy. As prices move up and down, so does the cost of production, which has far-reaching effects on the economy, fiscal and trade balances, businesses, and household living standards. As Petroleum Products consumption form significant part of economy, oil availability and prices thus affect the output capacity, rate of growth and level of inflation and hence oil price fluctuations can have important macroeconomic repercussions depending on the composition of oil sector in the economy.