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ottoman empire rise and fall
rise and fall of the ottoman empire
ottoman empire and comparison
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Woodrow Wilson had a different solution to the monarchy-vacuum: ethnically-based, national democracies. In a way, he is replacing the adherence to one family's bloodline with adherence to a collective bloodline. The crumbling Ottoman Empire is one power that attempted such a national identity. Britain began to carve up the Ottoman Empire into little pieces, leaving the ethnic Turks, who had been dominant in the empire, with a considerably smaller base of land. In reaction, Mustafa Kemal, a military commander, led them to move their capital inland to Ankara and declare war on the states that were claiming pieces of Anatolia. They rebranded it as Turkey and sought to craft its ideal citizen around that ethnic ideal. Unfortunately, this devotion to their ethnic bloodlines resulted in bloodshed. The Ittihad had already persecuted non-Turkish minorities during the war, sending many of them into exile or execution in a vast genocidal campaign. However, this killing and deportation reignited in the Greek-Turkish War. Some of the minorities that were pushed off their land in this time had lived in that land since pre-biblical times. Thea Halo, author of /Not Even My Name/, suggests that the Pontic Greeks (one of the minorities) may have been there since the mythic Trojan War. /Not Even My Name/ is a memoir of Thea Halo's mother, Sano Halo. Sano (born Themia) is a Pontic Greek woman who was born in the Pontic mountains of northern Anatolia. It tells the story of what life was like shortly after the first world war in her little village, and then, eventually, the tale of her exile from those lands she and her ancestors had called home. Soldiers marched into the village, but this was different from when they took the men to labor camps. Ever... ... middle of paper ... ...e was one of the first people to welcome my father (a black man) into the family. Hearing him talk about his bias in his youth was a little disturbing. When he continued, he was rather absolved, but in a way that turned the story darker still. He spoke about how the Japanese soldiers would hide in these caves. The US troops would smoke them out in some way and when the Japanese soldiers ran out, they would be dowsed with a flamethrower. He said those raids changed his simple view of the war. “All I could think to myself was, ‘Why am I doing this?’” Works Cited Bulgakov, Mikhail. Heart of a Dog. Translated by Mirra Ginsburg. New York: Grove Press, 1968. Doyle, Mark. "Istanbul 1923:nationalism in the Middle East." Lecture, HIST 1120 from Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, November 4, 2013. Halo, Thea. Not Even My Name. New York: Picador USA, 2000.
James Baldwin uncovers a few misconceptions in his essay, ?Notes of a Native Son?, about the discrimination that occurred with in the American Armed Forces during World War II. These misconceptions were not unintentional?the government, to look more political, created these perceptions. The government treated the African Americans unfairly and segregation and discrimination were still not uncommon. Not only were African-Americans rarely let into the army but once in the army they were not given the same opportunities as the other soldiers. This was not only unfair to the African-American soldiers who were willing to put their lives on the line for their country but also for all American citizens who lost their lives in World War II.
In Mikhail Bulgakov's novel The Heart of a Dog satire and humor are used to criticize the cruelty, incompetence and false image of the Bolshevik revolution led by Lenin. Bulgakov criticizes the actions the party had taken and the current state of Russia. Bulgakov satirically represents the transformation of the Russian, regular people into party members, and the resilience of old bourgeois society.
The bombing on Pearl Harbor impaired America, which brought an increase to racial tension. However, this impairment brought all nationalities together. “Thirty-three thousand Japanese Americans enlisted in the United States Armed Forces. They believed participation in the defense of their country was the best way to express their loyalty and fulfill their obligation as citizens” (Takaki 348). Takaki proves to us that the battle for independence was grappled on the ends of enslaved races. The deception of discrimination within the military force didn’t only bewilder Americans that sensed the agony of segregation, but also to the rest of world who honored and idolized America as a beam of freedom for
Mahmoud, A.M. (1972). Al-Islam fe Aasya Al-Wustaa, bayna al-fathayn al-arabi wa al-turki [Islam in Central Asia, Between the Arab and Turkish Conquest]. Cairo, Eygpt: Al-Hay’a Al-Masriyya Al-A’ama Lil-Kitaab
Finally, in the short passage “Japanese-American Internment Was an Unnecessary and a Racist Act.” it says, “Japanese-American 442nd combat team inflicted more casualties and received more decoration than any other comparable army unit.” This proves that the japanese american soldiers were obviously doing something right, in order to receive those decorations. Yet again another reason why the japanese americans should have not been considered a threat.
Shaw, Stanford Jay, and Ezel Kural Shaw, History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, Cambridge University Press
14?Narli, Nilufer. ?The Rise of the Islamist Movement in Turkey.? Middle East Review of International
Black soldiers were sent to war during World War two, and most of them went willingly. Most of them did this to try and ear respect from their white “superiors” by going to fight and perhaps earn an equal standing with the whites. This was not seen, though. For example, Joe Louis, a famous African American boxer joined the army in 1942. The newspaper The New York Amsterdam News depicted Joe serving impeccably dressed white men with the caption of “Why Joe Joined the Army!” This clearly shows how African Americans were treated within the army. This depiction also gives Americans a clear view of the segregation in the army, although they are fighting for the same thing: release the Europeans from the Nazi leader, Hitler. Another example of this, given by Mrs. Charles H. Puryear’s brother, was that when the white lieutenant had Italian prisoners, he wanted the black soldiers to give up their seats to them. He then wonders if one of the Nazi officers would make some of his soldiers give up their seats for prisoners. This sho...
Hassan, Nafaa. "ARAB NATIONALISM: A RESPONSE TO AJAMI'S THESIS ON THE "END OF PAN-ARABISM." Journal of Arab Affairs 2.2 (1983): n. pag. ProQuest. Web. 21 Feb. 2014.
America’s well–entrenched racism against Asians resulted in enhanced levels of brutality against Japanese soldiers, when compared to the other enemy soldiers they encountered during World War II. Legislation in the United States demonstrated racism against Asians for decades. Asian immigrants and citizens fought these discriminatory rulings, only to receive opposition against their plight. Persistent racial discrimination towards the Japanese caused a sense of resentment of Japanese soldiers in the United States military. During several campaigns, American General Infantry displayed ruthlessness against Japanese conduct of war.
Clow, Kate. "Ottoman Empire." Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. Ed. Karen Christensen and David Levinson. Vol. 4. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002. 398-401. World History in Context. Web. 30 Apr. 2014.
The Young Turks, a group of young military officers who wanted to keep their country’s decline from continuing, wanted to improve general conditions for certain peoples in the Ottoman empire. Not only was anyone who was not Muslim treated as second class citizens, they were also required by law to pay more for their taxes than a muslim civilian. Realizing this, in the 1890s and early 1900s, an organization called The Young Turks arose, pressing for political reform calling for the right to vote, a constitutional government and and an end to discriminatory practices such as the aforementioned raised taxes. Eventually, The Young Turks staged a coup successfully in an attempt to change the rule to a constitutional monarchy . This, however, had some unforeseen consequences.
Fulford, Robert.“Surprised by love: Chekhov and ‘The Lady with the Dog’.” Queen’s Quarterly. n.d. Web. 17 November 2013.
Fulford, Robert.“Surprised by love: Chekhov and ‘The Lady with the Dog’.” Queen’s Quarterly. n.d. Web. 17 November 2013.
Michael, Michalis N. “Local Authorities and Conflict in an Ottoman Island at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century.” Turkish Historical Review 2, no. 1 (May 2011): 57-77. EBSCO.