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Introduction Labor unions were established as a way for workers’ needs and grievances to be heard by management. According to Fossum (2012), “forming a union creates a collective voice to influence change at work” (p. 7). The collective voice of workers in a union holds much more power than any single employee’s voice. It can loudly draw attention to mistreatment or abuse of workers. The organized collective voice of workers demands to be treated in a fair way by its management in terms of wages, hours, benefits, and working conditions. The film Norma Rae (Asseyev, Rose, & Ritt, 1979) is based on the true story of textile worker Crystal Lee whose efforts resulted in the establishment of a labor union. The film, set in 1978 rural North Carolina, depicts the struggle of character Norma Rae to organize her fellow workers into a union. With the help of union organizer Reuben Warshowsky, Norma Rae fights to persuade workers that their lives can be better if they use their collective voice to demand better treatment from the mill’s management. Although the influence and membership of labor unions has significantly declined since the 1980’s (Fossum, 2012), Norma Rae provides insight into the groundbreaking work and necessity of labor unions at times when the employer holds total control at the expense of its employees’ welfare and ability to earn a decent living. Summary of Norma Rae Norma Rae takes place at the O.P. Henley Textile Mill in Henleyville, North Carolina. Norma Rae, a young, widowed mother of two, and much of the town’s population are employed at the mill. The working conditions at the mill are far from ideal. The environment is loud, dusty, and hot. The workers must remain on their feet with few breaks. Norma Ra... ... middle of paper ... ...ity of union intervention. Works Cited Asseyev, T., Rose, A. (Producers), & Ritt, M. (Director). (1979). Norma Rae [Motion picture]. United States: Twentieth Century Fox. Clutz, R. (1995). Labour and management: Working together for corporate transformation. Canadian Manager, 20(3), 16. Fossum, J. (2012). Labor relations: Development, structure, process. (11th ed.). McGraw‐Hill. ISBN: 978‐0078029158 Lawler, J. L., & West, R. (1985). Impact of union-avoidance strategy in representation elections. Industrial Relations, 24(3), 406-420. Leiter, J. (1986). Reactions to subordination: Attitudes of southern textile workers. Social Forces, 64(4), 948-974. Stanley, T. L. (2013). Running at peak performance. Supervision, 74(9), 12-15. Study finds grassroots strategy most effective. (1995). Management Report for Nonunion Organizations (Wiley), 18(10), 8.
Gender, race, and class are apparent in every movie, work of art, and book, even if the piece is not directly about those subjects. “Norma Rae” depicts the journey of a young woman from textile worker to union leader. Her gender, class, and wounds she had experienced affected her entire life. Norma successfully overcame issues in her society and became a liberated woman, something most women in her position were not able to do. Norma encountered many obstacles and still managed to triumph and change her place in the world.
The white-collar union organizer affiliates in the case consist of: an office worker and the Office Employee International Union organizer, Nancy Rogers (Sloane & Witney, 2010). Base on Sloane & Witney (2010), “white-collar workers have long felt superior to their blue-collar-worker counterparts and tended to believe that joining a union decreases their occupational prestige” (p.13). It is synonymous to the office worker’s explanation to Rogers on the company’s culture as management’s influence toward nonunion workers to reframe from joining unions has resulted in paying them greater salaries, impose the idea of unions are only for manual workers and inappropriate for white-collar people to join (Sloane & Witney, 2010).This case provided a reference t...
...African-American women domestic workers in Atlanta during the periods between Reconstruction and World War 1 demonstrate they were active participates in the economic, social and political life of the New South. In addition, the private and public spheres accorded to white woman was non-existent for African-American women. Hunter concludes that the strategies employed by the washerwoman’s strike are inconclusive at best and evidence is lacking whether their demands for wage increases ever materialized. She does note however, that washerwoman did maintain the appearance of independence not enjoyed by most workers.
Unions are voluntary associations joined by workers. The Combination Act of 1800, which hindered the growth of unions, states that every workman's goal, who are entering into any combination should not be obtaining an advance of wages, or to lessen or alter the hours, or influencing any other to quit his work. Any workman who did so shall be committed to jail (Doc 1). Although the Combination Act of 1800 prevented the growth of unions, Ralph Chaplin believes that a worker should join the union. He states that there can be no power greater anywhere beneath the sun, but the unions, which makes it strong (Doc 2). Since there's so many workers working in bad conditions, the labor laws came to action.
Rebecca Harding Davis wrote “Life in the Iron Mills” in the mid-nineteenth century in part to raise awareness about working conditions in industrial mills. With the goal of presenting the reality of the mills’ environment and the lives of the mill workers, Davis employs vivid and concrete descriptions of the mills, the workers’ homes, and the workers themselves. Yet her story’s realism is not objective; Davis has a reformer’s agenda, and her word-pictures are colored accordingly. One theme that receives a particularly negative shading in the story is big business and the money associated with it. Davis uses this negative portrayal of money to emphasize the damage that the single-minded pursuit of wealth works upon the humanity of those who desire it.
Unionism is the concept that traditionally business, especially big businesses are inherently going to exploit their employees. Therefore, in order to protect themselves, the workers form organizations called unions, in which all laborers who work at a certain craft, or in a certain industry band together. By this process of “joining forces”, the unions gain power in numbers. Unions traditionally try to protect employee interests by negotiating with employers for wages and benefits, working hours, and better working conditions.
Zieger, R. (2007). For jobs and freedom: Race and Labor in America since 1865. Lexington, KY: The University Press of Kentucky.
Beginning in the late 1700’s and growing rapidly even today, labor unions form the backbone for the American workforce and continue to fight for the common interests of workers around the country. As we look at the history of these unions, we see powerful individuals such as Terrence Powderly, Samuel Gompers, and Eugene Debs rise up as leaders in a newfound movement that protected the rights of the common worker and ensured better wages, more reasonable hours, and safer working conditions for those people (History). The rise of these labor unions also warranted new legislation that would protect against child labor in factories and give health benefits to workers who were either retired or injured, but everyone was not on board with the idea of foundations working to protect the interests of the common worker. Conflict with their industries lead to many strikes across the country in the coal, steel, and railroad industries, and several of these would ultimately end up leading to bloodshed. However, the existence of labor unions in the United States and their influence on their respective industries still resonates today, and many of our modern ideals that we have today carry over from what these labor unions fought for during through the Industrial Revolution.
The movie Norma Rae is a 1979 drama film about a textile worker from Alabama that becomes involved in labor union activities in the factory where she works. Though it is a film, it is based on the true story of Crystal Lee Sutton, a textile worker from North Carolina, who worked for J.P. Stevens textile plant, and was fired from her job for trying to organize a union (southerstudies.org, 2009)…………… The analysis and information provided will provide a summary of the movie, detail the motives of the workers to join a union, show managements reaction to the organizing, and discuss what the workers were hoping to achieve by gaining union representation, describe the union representation process,…………….
Factories were known for their ill treatment of their employees, long hours and dirty and unsafe conditions. In 1866, unions started to form to improve working conditions for the workers. A fundamental problem faced by democratic societies is as long as people live their lives individually and go their separate ways and be selfish individuals, they are unlikely to meet collectively to resolve issues. There needs to be meaningful unity among people to alleviate this problem to get people obliged to one another, so there is a willingness to sacrifice for shared goals. Bonding of its citizens creates a democracy. Unions seemed to offer the middle class a chance to become a crucial part of fostering institutions of constitutional democracy. The unions have went through several transitions, but have always worked for the working force. I will discuss the history of the various unions, their wins and losses, and the struggle of the employee to achieve democracy in the workplace.
He reacts unconcerned, and relates that this is simply a normal, common problem for the workers. Norma Rae’s concern with the factory working conditions prompts her to work with a visiting union labor organizer from New York, Reuben, in order to unionize the factory and improve conditions for the employees. During the course of the film, they must overcome pressure from management against unionization, work with indirect dangers, and convince the employees that unions are the way to go. Within the movie, there are many examples of labor vs. management interactions including unfair labor practices by both management and the union. Norma Rae takes the viewer through the process of unionization, and progresses through most of the stages required for employee organization and unionization. Conflicts include management attempting to persuade the factory workers to keep the union out, and some workers, led by Norma Rae, struggling to develop worker unity and become unionized in order to provide more favorable working
Labor unions have been in America for a very long time. There are many unions in a myriad of different fields. Labor unions were and are used to allow for equal treatment of workers. Employers always want to maximize their profits and they try to give the least to get the most in return. For reasons such as this is why unions were formed. Generally a union boss is appointed or hired to protect the rights and privileges of the employees. The union boss is generally very representative of the demographics of the workers. The leader of the employees needs to know what they want and what is fair for them and this is why he tends to represent one type of work force, such as the teachers union. This type of representation is made easier when most of the workers come from the same background. Background meaning family size, education, race, etc. Labor unions have helped shape the American work force, as have the backgrounds of the men and women who have worked in them. America was founded on diversity and the freedom to choose. Many different backgrounds have found their way into America and labor unions. As stated earlier, labor unions have people of the same background in them. America’s first settlers were generally of the same background and because of that, so were the members of the first labor unions. As the United States expanded so did the work force and the diversity in it. Diversity and understanding the challenges and benefits is what enables America to be great. In the pages of this paper we are going to look at the change in the make-up of labor unions by the entrance of African-Americans and how they have influenced America and the labor unions for the better. This paper is and expansions on my paper “A Shield Against the Power of Industrial Capitalism”.
Throughout American history, labor unions have served to facilitate mediation between workers and employers. Workers seek to negotiate with employers for more control over their labor and its fruits. “A labor union can best be defined as an organization that exists for the purpose of representing its members to their employers regarding wages and terms and conditions of employment” (Hunter). Labor unions’ principal objectives are to increase wages, shorten work days, achieve greater benefits, and improve working conditions. Despite these goals, the early years of union formation were characterized by difficulties (Hunter).
David Brody argues that the rise of contractual or collective bargaining relationships during the post WWII era formalized the relationship between employers and unions, but simultaneously began to put a break on shop floor activism. Explain Brody’s argument and, where relevant, incorporate Weber’s theory of bureaucracy.
This film is based on the real life story of Crystal Lee Sutton and her involvement with Ruben Warshovsky and the organization of the textile workers at the J.P. Stevens Company in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina (Labor Films). Sally Field plays the lead role of Norma Rae (Crystal Lee Sutton) fighting poor working conditions at O. P. Henley Company in 1978. This company is a southern textile mill, working with a union organizer to overcome pressure from management, implied dangers, and the struggle to organize her fellow employees. Although, the film is very entertaining, there are many examples of labor and management interactions including unfair labor practices by management, unfair labor practices by the union, and the procedural process of unionization process.