The Uses of Psychology to People at Work
Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
(Hilgard, 1996). An understanding of this can be a useful tool for
many different groups of people in the work environment, who all have
their own interests in what psychology has to offer. Such groups to
benefit include managers, employees, Human Resources specialists and
Trade Unions.
An in depth understanding of human behavioral patterns can be applied
positively in order to get the most out of people and increase
productivity at work. This is achieved by reducing factors that
interfere with the efficiency of peoples' work. This assignment will
aim to focus on factors that are ongoing and socially aroused by the
interaction between people and their environment, namely: dealing and
coping with work stress; lowering the rate of bullying and harassment
in the workplace; and maintaining a high level of motivation and
effort both in demanding and tedious tasks.
Every type of person in an organization is susceptible to suffering
from worry and stress. Stress is a challenge to a person's capacity to
adapt to inner and outer demands, which may be physiologically
arousing and emotionally taxing and call for cognitive and behavioral
responses (Westen, 1999). Stress provokes physical and emotional
disturbances, which have the ability to affect both one's health and
performance. It can lead to tension in the workplace and frequent
absenteeism due to illegitimate claims of sickness, thus its
prevention is beneficial to both employee and organization.
Managing stress can be achieved by the direct approaches of
behavioral tec...
... middle of paper ...
...vol 28, no 3, p
311-30.
· Niedl, 1996, Mobbing and Well-being: Economic and Personnel
development implications, European Journal of Work and Organizational
Psychology, vol 5, no 2, p 251-271.
· Otway, HJ & Misenta, R (1980), "The determinants of operator
preparedness for emergency situations in nuclear power plants", Paper
presented at Workshop on Procedural and Organisational Measures for
Accident Management: Laxenburg, Austria, 28-31 Jan.
· Westen, D (1999), Psychology: Mind, Brain & Culture, Second Edition,
Wiley.
· Wilke, Rutte, van Knippenberg & Ad, 2000, The Resentful sucker: Do
rewards ease the pain?, European Journal of Work and Organizational
Psychology, vol 9, no 3, Sept 2000, p 307-320.
· Yukl & Wexley (1971), Readingsin Organizational and Industrial
Psychology, Oxford University Press.
Shuttleworth, A., (2004). Managing workplace stress: how training can help. Industrial and Commercial Training, 36 (2), 61 – 65.
Aamodt, M.G. (2010). Industrial / Organizational Psychology: An Applied Approach. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning
I believe the school psychologist was not acting ethically. According to Standard I.1.1, "parent consent is required if the consultation about particular child or adolescent is likely to be extensive and ongoing and/or if school actions may result in a significant intrusion on student or family privacy beyond what might be expected in the course of ordinary school activities." Since the counseling group would be considered "extensive", the school psychologist needs a formal approval or denial of the services she intends to provide. The school psychologist also decided to send a letter explaining what the counseling session. While the letter does seem to provide extensive information on the sessions, the school psychologist has no way to know if the parents received the letter, or if the
In the health care field, social workers are faced with one of the most difficult and conflict social problem. Patients who are chronically ill have on occasion if they can end their life at their decision. As a social work, you must follow your code of ethics and the law by denying their right to the end-of-life decision. This is called euthanasia, a practice used to end the life of a seriously ill male or female. There is a conflicting issue on the interplay of person and professional views social workers given to patients who are experiencing or experienced end-of-life decisions. There are multiple conflicts with the use of euthanasia and assisted suicide, one major factor is the lack of training needed to successfully handle the situation. Another factor is that the constitutional laws conflict with the actions of agreeing to end someone’s life. For instance, Dr. Jack Kevorkian performed the act of euthanasia on a chronically ill man and publicly videotaped the procedure. He was at the time in the state of Michigan, a state that bans euthanasia and assisted suicide. He was charged with murder and sent to jail for his
Psychology is the study of the behavior of living organisms. The people that study the behaviors are called psychologists. There have been many studies done by these people to try and figure out why people or animal do the things they do. Psychology's four main goals are to describe what occurred, explain why it occurred, predict what event is likely to occur next, and to change to prevent unwanted outcomes. Psychologists study the process of thinking, learning, cognition, emotions, motivations, and personalities. An example of one study that has been done would be why a dog salivates to the sound of a bell and show. This behavior is due to a conditioned stimulus becoming a conditioned response. Another experiment done was with a baby and a white mouse to see if the baby would be scared if something happened while grabbing for the mouse.
Mann, S. (2004). 'People-work': emotion management, stress and coping. British Journal Of Guidance & Counseling, 32(2), 205-221.
Employees continually encounter various tasks ranging in levels of stress, so it is no surprise that work is one of the top sources of stress, according to the American Psychological Association (White 1). In order to experience stress, one must encounter a stressor, which is a taxing task. However, not all work tasks will be stressful, rather they are benign. An employee decides whether or not a particular work demand is benign or not during primary appraisal when the employee considers the effort of level required for such a demand. Even though the majority of employees view stress negatively, certain types of demands, challenge stressors, do present opportunities to further their skills. On the other hand, hindrance stressors limit such
Psychology is the study of how the brain functions and the responses we, as humans, have to changes around us. Upon entering my Pre-Calculus class in the eleventh grade, I quickly realized that I had been called to become a post-secondary teacher. Psychology is used in many careers such as law, nursing, medicine, and teaching. The role of teachers is unlike any other. They need to know how to maintain order throughout their classroom, commit to their students, and realize that every student is diverse in their learning needs. Before taking Psychology 2012 at Hillsborough Community College, I never realized I would use psychology in my teaching career; however, it has become so evident to me the importance of it that I am now going to minor in Psychology as well as majoring in Mathematics Education.
Assignment: To analyse the Stress management, specifically to study workplace stressors existing among various teams in BITS Embryo and suggest a few steps to reduce those stressors.
The company can use insight from the personal relationships to create ways of alleviating the stress and making the workload more bearable for employees. For example, when in a stressful time period, supervisors have implemented games to play after reaching milestones, which has been effective at removing some of the stress and monotony. This act also builds the morale of employees and helps give them a better disposition, which shows in how they interact with students. The leadership within the company takes a special focus on not only building relationships with employees, but also with the consumers, the students and their
Conte, J., Landy, F. (2010). Work in the 21 Century: An introduction to industrial and organizational psychology (3rd ed). USA: Wiley and Blackwell Publishings
There are many explanations for the origins of modern social psychology. It is therefore important to consider that social psychology cannot be traced back to one single source of origin (Burr, 2003). Hence, this is the reason why there are debates of what social psychology is. Allport (1985) described social psychology as the study an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours which are influenced by the actual, imagines, or implied presence of others. As seen from this definition there is a direct link between social science and the individual psychology (Sewell, 1989). Social psychology cannot be seen as a linear phenomenon. This is because social psychology has been derived from a combination of influences. The development of social psychology can be discussed in two different ways. Firstly, social psychology is argued to be found upon political movements and social philosophies in the United Stated of America (US). Secondly, it can be argued that social psychology has developed in response to social and political needs.
Psychoanalysis presumes that a good understanding of development requires analyzing the symbolic meanings of behavior and the deep inner workings of the mind. It places a huge emphasis on the unconscious and how the unconscious is the precursor to human development.
Luthans et al. (2007 as cited in Avey, Reichard, Luthan, & Mhatre, 2011) argued that PsyCap has a positive impact on attitudes, behavior, and performance of an individual. Prior research has examined the relationship of PsyCap and workplace behaviors. It was found that a person who possess a high level of PsyCap has the higher psychological resource, and tend to execute positive workplace behavior (Roberts et al., 2009). Previous studies have shown that cognitive-behavioral approaches such as PsyCap would be the most effective coping skills to reduce anxiety and improve the perception on the quality of work life (Van der Hek & Plomp, 1997; an der Klink, Blonk, Scheme, & van Dijk, 2001, as cited in Avey, Luthans, & Jensen, 2009). Thus, using the stress-buffering hypothesis, this study predicts that PsyCap will moderate the influence of POO on employee incivility. According to Cohen and Wills (1985), the stress buffering hypothesis suggests that PsyCap may prevent an individual from evaluating situation of event as stressful or PsyCap may strengthen individual capacity to deal with the situation (as cited in Tang, Restubog, & Cayayan
In order to find a solution to the issue of stress in the workplace, it is important to first understand what stress is. Stress is a difficult issue to solve because everyone experiences stress differently. According to the National Institute of mental health, stress can be defined as the brain’s response to any demand (“Fact Sheet on Stress”). When there is any sort of change going on, it usually triggers the stress response. Since people are always dealing with certain changes in their lives, they are always dealing with some type of stress. One of the biggest growing issues with stress is stress in the workplace. According to Northweste...