Mt. Tarawera Eruption 1886
In this essay I will tell you about the 1886 Tarawera Eruption. More specially I will tell you about the effects had on the natural environment and the effects it had on the local communities caused by the 1886 eruption.
10th of June soon after midnight. Mt Tarawera light up like fireworks. BOOM! Molten rock cam flying out of the crater. People as far as Blenheim could hear this thunder like noises but had no idea what it could be. Although the people of Rotorua knew exactly what has happening Mount Tarawera was erupting! The Mt. Tarawera eruption was the largest eruption in New Zealand for 800 years.
After the eruption the land had dramatically changed. In my mind I think the biggest loss would have to be the pink and white terraces. The loss of pink and white terraces was a huge blow to New Zealand's tourist industry. People around the world came to bathe covering 3 ha (hectares) and descending 30 metres the were massive. The pink and white terraces were about to be named on of the seven wonders of the world. No tourists would want to come and see the ash over the terraces. Millions of dollars lost.
After the Eruption. The region of Tarawera was covered in Ash. In fertile ash. The eruption layered the soils with infertile volcanic ash. They could no longer grow their food or graze animals. Maori used to call the central North Island “Kaingaora” Meaning Lean and hungry land. The native bushes and scrub land close to Tarawera's eruption was burnt and a lot of vegetation have never recovered.
Around Tarawera the lakes and rivers became heavily polluted with ash. The lakes turned to mud, lakes and rivers were cut off and covered by the debris. It must have been extremely hard to find fresh water, as all the lakes would have been polluted. South of Lake Tarawera there were fans of eruption debris. Lake Rotomahna now fills up Rotomahana crater.
After the Eruption Rotorua had many Hot springs boiling rivers and mud pools that are still active today.
Before the Eruption, Many people claimed to see a ghostly canoe on Lake Rotomahana. Maori say it was warning them that death is coming.
Kohala Volcano is the oldest of five volcanoes in hawaii. Kohala is estimated of 1,000 years old and it emerged above sea level over 500,000 years ago. The most recent eruptions were 120,000 years ago. That was a long time ago! I wonder when it were to ever erupt again! Hopefully it won't erupt soon! Kohala volcano is extinct. Kohala is so old, that it experienced, and recorded a reversal of magnetic field 780,000 years ago. Kohala is a shield volcano cut by multiple gorges. Between 250,000 and 300,000 years ago, a huge avalanche consumed a slice of the volcano’s northeast flank more than 12 miles wide at the shoreline. The debris spilled more than 80 miles out and onto the ocean floor. The lasting effects can still be seen today in the sheer cliff walls of the windward
On May 22, 1915, an explosive eruption at Lassen Peak devastated nearby areas and rained volcanic ash farther 200 miles to the east! This explosion was the most powerful in a series of eruptions from 1914 through 1917. ...
These differences are in the makeup of the volcano, the impact on society, and the eruption itself. Mount Saint Helens, used to be a wonder of the world, but now a damage site of what happened on May 18, 1980. Mauna Loa is a tourist destination and one of the most active dispensers of lava and magma in the world. As shown, these volcanoes can’t be more different. Yet, each volcano has been a culprit to destruction, and have similarities within themselves. This report has expressed many similarities and differences and brought facts and knowledge to the historical eruptions by these impressive and ancient structures of
The ejecta from the eruption moved over land and through the air: the ash that fired out of the volcano was blown as far east as Nebraska in a huge, dark cloud of plinian ash. A nuee ardente billowed over the rim of the volcano and spread lava to the south, east and north, forming a volcanic outcrop now called the Bishop Tuff. Today, an expanding resurgent dome in the center of the depression indicates current magmatic activity beneath the caldera, and earthquake swarms in the last 25 years could also be linked to subsurface magma movement. Clearly, the Long Valley caldera is not dormant, so understanding the eruption that formed the caldera and surrounding features is essential to assessing the region's current and, more importantly, possible future activity.
The most iconic volcanic eruption in history was the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 A.D. Mt. Vesuvius is located on the west coast side of Italy. Pompeii was the ancient town five miles from Mt. Vesuvius where people would flock to the area in 79 AD to be near the Bay of Naples. Little did they know that the volcano would erupt into the most destructive volcano in history. Mt. Vesuvius has erupted about three dozen times and was the most disastrous due to the large population around the area. The volcano, which is still active today, is a stratovolcano. A stratovolcano has pyroclastic flows and erupt explosively and violently. Pyroclastic flows don't necessarily look exactly like “flowing eruptions”. These eruptions are not the “flowing” type of eruptions because they are eruptions with explosions and blowing clouds that fill the air. These clouds are usually dark clouds that are made up of ash. Pompeii had some signs of the volcano erupting, but the technology was not like the technology of today where scientists can monitor the volcanic activity.
The history of volcanic activity at Yellowstone starts with its first eruption at Huckleberry Ridge 2.1 million years ago, the leftovers reached as far as Iowa and central Texas. Then 800,000 years later, another eruption took place in Mesa Falls creating Henry Fork Caldera near Park, Montana. The last eruption took place 630,000 years ago, called the Lava Creek eruption, spewing 240 cubic miles of debris, and spreading as far as Louisiana and California.
Ash fall is a very serious hazard presented by volcanism in New Zealand. Ash consists of rock, crystal particles and volcanic glass. It is ejected from the volcano into the air with large particles between 0.1-10m in diameter usually landing about 1-2km from the vent while finer grained material only millimetres in diameter can be deposited much further away (GNS Science, 2010) [2]. It can affect those in close proximity to the eruption as well as those at greater distances. Ash can be hazardous to the environment, buildings, property and to people’s health. During the 1945 eruption of Mt Ruapehu, ash fall was a major hazard to both people and the environment. Ash is very irritant to people’s eyes and can cause breathing difficulties
Mount Vesuvius is one of history’s most recognizable Volcanoes, as each of its eruptions have gone down as a significant event in geologic history. The events that transpired during and after these eruptions have shaped the way scientists and people view the sheer power that these volcanoes possessed. This report will take a look at Vesuvius’ most prolific eruption in 79 AD. The geologic setting of the mountain, precursor activity, and the impact the eruption had on the surrounding populations and towns will all be detailed. Along with these details, this report will also look at the further history of Vesuvius’s explosive past by detailing its eruption cycle. Finally, the current state of Vesuvius and the possible danger the current population living near the mountain could face should it erupt explosively again.
...in the region have become fruitful where the volcanic ash had built up and the marine life can develop from the iron and the silica from the volcanic ash. The caldera eruptions have only happen two to four events per million years.
Kilauea is the youngest volcano on the Big Island of Hawaii. Still active, there have been 34 eruptions since 1983. Kilauea is a shield volcano, meaning it covers a wide range of area, and has sloping sides. Kilauea is usually confused as being a smaller part to the neighboring Mauna Loa volcano, but it has it’s own lava flow system which makes it special to the Hawaiian islands. The history of eruptions from Kilauea is lengthy and the volcano’s name actually means, “spewing.” The oldest documented samples of lava date back almost 3,000 years and the oldest human documented eruption happened in 1823.
The eruption on Mount Saint Helens has a specific cause and comes with many effects. A multifold of people would say that the “mountain looked like the site of an atomic blast” (Bredeson 30). That is a very accurate depiction as it took great power to inflict as much damage as it did. The reason for this impressive amount of force is that when magma is built up with pressure and an earthquake hits, the pressure gets magnified and the volcano explodes (Lewis). This is exactly what happened inside Mount Saint Helens. Furthermore, it has been revealed that “The earthquake that triggered the explosion was a 5.2 on the Richter scale” (Gunn 559). The earthquake to the magma can be compared as a match to gasoline. Even though the earthquake was not huge, the scale of the eruption was much greater than that of the earthquake (Gunn 560). The earthquake was only the trigger that allowed for more devastating things to occur. Thirteen hundred feet of the volcano were lost in the explosion followed by landslides, mudslides, and lava flows...
Digging up the dirt on Mauna Loa. (Hawaiian volcano studied) Science News v144, n25-26 December 18th, 1993 414 (1 page)
Volcanoes have always been a mysterious wonder of the world. Volcanoes have shaped the landscape and the very ground that we all live on. People have written stories of their disastrous eruptions, and painted their marvelous shapes on canvas. The essay will outline some of the more famous volcanoes and how they have impacted are history. Mount Vesuvius that destroy the great city of Pompeii, Krakatoa they spewed deadly ash on small village town, and Mount St. Helen, the only volcano in my own country to every erupt during my own time period.
Volcanoes can be one of the most destructive forces on Earth. It is estimated that some
...815 eruption of Mount Tambora. With over 70,000 deaths and a rating of 7 on the volcanic exclusivity index, this eruption is one of the largest in recorded history. Not only did this volcano cause destruction in Indonesia but the consequences were further felt around the world, as volcanic ash and sulphuric gases were dumped into the stratosphere causing a global climate shift. Dark clouds covered the sun, and dramatic weather changes ensued. Flash floods frequently occurred wiping out a great deal of crop eventually causing prices to skyrocket. Disease began to spread due to malnourishment and unsanitary living conditions. Eventually these consequences subsided and citizens began to migrate towards Mount Tambora once again. Today the government has placed seismic sensors are set up in the most volatile areas to ensure preparedness in the event of another volcano.