Introduction
From the ancient days human being has invented many new methods for communication in order to transfer their messages to each other. Now we can see that there are many methods using which we can establish effective communication. One of those reliable methods of communication is Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET). It is also referred as Mobile mesh network. It is an automatic-configured network of mobile devices which are connected by the wireless links. It is a new technique of wireless paradigm for the mobile hosts. These Ad Hoc networks are not like the traditional wireless networks that rely on a fixed infrastructure but these hosts are dependent on each other so that the network is connected always(Advanced Network Technologies Divisionn.d.).
This represent a complex distribution system which have available wireless nodes of mobile that can self-organize into temporary and arbitrary topologies of Ad Hoc network freely and dynamically.It provides the users to use internetwork connection without any pre-required infrastructure. Hence we can see a Mobile Ad Hoc networks as an autonomous collection of all the mobile devices such as mobile phone, sensors, laptop etc. which transfer the data and communicate to each other on wireless link and they provide the required functionalities of the network when the fixed infrastructure is not available (Techtermsn.d.).
This report will provide an insight view of potential of ad hoc network and the technical issues that developers and the protocol developers face with it. These issues could be such as internet connection, routing service, resource discovery etc.
In this report we will have a closer view of Mobile Ad Hoc networks, what are their basic origin and their properties ...
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Chlamtac I, Conti M, Liu J,2003, Mobile ad hoc networking: imperatives and challenges,Accessed on May 21 2014, http://ctc.psut.edu.jo/sites/raad/wireless_notes/Mobile-ad-hoc-networking-imperatives-challenges.pdf Mueller S, Tsang T, Ghosal D, Multipath Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks:Issues and Challenges,Accessed on May 21 2014, http://alumni.cs.ucr.edu/~ibasaran/research/Multipath%20Routing%20in%20Mobile%20Ad%20Hoc%20Networks%20Issues%20and%20Challenges.pdf Hoebeke J, Moerman I, Dhoedt B, Demeester P, An Overview of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: Applications and Challenges,Accessed on May 21 2014, http://cwi.unik.no/images/Manet_Overview.pdf Ghosekar P, Katkar G, GhorpadeDr. P, 2010, Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: Imperatives and Challenges ,Accessed on May 21 2014,
http://www.ijcaonline.org/manets/number3/SPE78T.pdf
Routing protocols for high dynamic topology: the topology of the network is highly dynamic underwater because nodes move passively with water currents. These routing protocols are designed for sensor networks with dynamic topology like UWSNs.
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8) Ian F. Akyildiz, Ismail H. Kasimoglu, “Ad Hoc Networks’’, Wireless sensor and actor networks: Research Challenges, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA, May-2004.
An Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol enhancement to save energy using Energy Aware Routing (EAR) strategy
There are many characteristics and challenges that should be taken into consideration when developing multicast routing protocols, like the dynamically changing network topology, limitation of network scalability. There are different types of protocols like unicast protocols [1], [2], cluster based protocols [3] In this paper we discuss about multicast routing for vehicular Ad hoc network which is different from other Ad Hoc networks [4]. Generally there are two types of multicast routing protocols in wireless networks. Tree-based multicast routing protocol, mesh based routing protocol [5]-[8]. In the tree-based multicasting, structure can be very much unstable in multicast ad-hoc routing protocols, as it needs frequent re-configuration in dynamic network. One such example is Multicast extension for Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (MAODV) and Adaptive Demand- Driven Multicast Routing protocol (ADMR). The second type is mesh-based multicast protocol. Mesh-based multicast routing protocols are more than one path may exist between a source destination pair, Core-Assisted Mesh Protocol (CAMP) and On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMRP) are an example for these type of classification[9]. One approach to multicast is to maintain a multicast tree in straight roads. Existing protocols for multicasting encounters quite a lot of troubles in mesh maintenance and regular reconfiguration when link breakage occurs. The extreme dependency of these protocols on upstream and downstream nodes leads to storage and control overhead. Furthermore, various protocols consider the shortest path as a decisive factor for path selection, Existing forwarding state for the multicast distribution mesh for the source and the group. The nonexistence of data...
In computer world, short-distance wireless groups supporting NFC and Bluetooth have agreed to jointly create greater interoperability between the complementary technologies. The meaning of Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile device, and building personal area network. In many circumstances, short-range wireless network like Bluetooth serves as a prototype environment for demonstrating ad hoc network access in intelligent environment.
Analogous to the way humans use the Internet, devices will be the main users in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. Therefore, device-to-device (D2D) communication is expected to be an intrinsic part of the IoT. Devices will communicate with each other autonomously without any centralized control and collaborate to gather, share, and forward information in a multihop manner. (Bello and Zeadally, 2014). The word Smart is used in conjunction with various words such as Living, Cities, Metering, Grids, Water Levy and Lighting to describe a variety of applications t...
The most common type of wireless networking today is by sending information from a device such as a cell phone to a satellite orbiting Earth which then transports that information to the desired location.
In any communication technology, mobile devices are very common these days and their network is based on special method and systems. In Remote Intercom Access,
With the wireless transmission standard 802.11 originating from IEEE, which is often just called Wi-Fi access to the internet has simplified drastically. The key points to its success are the continuous improvement and adaptions to changing demands but also the ease of use accomplished by the interoperability of different devices and also the backward compatibility of each new extension.
At SRM, I was introduced to the true expanse of computer science. Subjects such as Computer Networks, Algorithms, Probability theory, Principles of programming languages and Data Structures piqued my interest as they allowed me to explore my analytical, logical and creative attributes. Computer Networks, in particular, taught me the importance of sharing of information – the first and foremost thing that we care about. Gradually, my tryst with computer networks become intense as I began to explore more and more about their significance and applications in various facets of life: education, social media, research, entertainment, etc. This fascination and exploration led me to do my final year project on mobile ad hoc networks under the guidance of Professor Velmurugan P. It presents a lifetime prediction routing algorithm that maximizes the network lifetime of MANETS by selecting the least dynamic route with long lifetime for maintaining the uninterrupted data flow. Later on, the pap...
Have you ever asked yourself, what the world would be like if there weren’t any mobile applications. Society is impacted by the new development in technology daily. Someone is always claiming that their inventions will revolutionize the world, but no invention has had more success over the years, in the cellular world than mobile applications. People all around the world use millions to billions of applications daily for personal and business uses. For example, social networking which is use by all generations of people. It has an influence the way we purchase cell phones, in order to have the capability. With the creation of different smartphones and tablets, comes the demand for more mobile applications. This causes competition among application builders. Mobile applications are designed to its user making their experience less complicated. Mobile applications have their advantages and disadvantages, depending on its design and designer. They can be created to be very simple or complex, depending on its intended function. Has society benefited from the usages of mobile applications or is it just a distraction. What impact do mobile applications have on society.
Today there are more than 7 billion mobile phone subscriptions, an increase of about 97% since the turn of the millennia whilst there are 3.2 billion people that currently use the internet. However, in the least developed countries only 89 out of the 940 million use the internet. This is only a 9.5% penetration rate which when compared to a developed country which average at a penetration rate of 82.2% seems quite ludicrous [2]. Almost 60% of the Internet traffic is generated by peer-to-peer applications where, typically, large files, such as movies and software distributions, need to be distributed from one or very few servers to a large number of users [1]. These statistics inform us just how important the work in the field of wireless communications is. Work will continue so that the less fortunate have more of a chance to get access to things like cellular networks and the internet. This will put pressure on maintaining the excellence of wireless communications in terms of rate, spectral efficiency and power consumption. An attempt is made also to keep the data transmission system as fast and reliable as possible. All of this has motivated researchers to integrate various wireless platforms such as cellular networks, WLANS and also, MANETs which is a mobile ad hoc network which continuously is a self-configuring, infrastructure-less