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Gay and lesbian rights
Gay adoption
Gay rights and herosexual rights
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The decisions made in government affect not only our lives as individuals, but they affect our families as well. The laws placed at a national level are usually widely accepted, though state and local level laws can be more specific and less respected. For example, in Bartlesville, Oklahoma it is illegal for a person to own more than two adult cats (Bartlesville). Other laws may not seem as silly as that one, but can be just as unfair. According to the Mississippi Code of 1972, adoption by couples of the same gender is prohibited (Mississippi). This state law affects the lives of homosexuals in Mississippi in a big way, prohibiting them from living a full life of freedom. It is disappointing and ironic that this law limits individual freedom, though America was built on freedom.
The Mississippi Code of 1972, Section 93-17-3, was created in 1972, and recently amended in 2004. It is strictly a state law which prohibits couples of the same gender to adopt children. Mississippi is one of the few states that implement such a restriction. By doing so, the Mississippi government creates the perception that it does not want gay couples raising children.
Although the Mississippi government may not want gay couples raising children, there is a loophole. Nowhere in the section does it say anything about the prohibition of a single homosexual person adopting a child. Technically, a homosexual can adopt a child by acting alone, while sharing a home with their partner. This way a couple of the same gender can legally raise a child together, though one of them will not officially be an adoptive parent of the child they are raising. Unless a strict watch is kept over the homosexuals that adopt children as single parents, this sect...
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...72, or in America.
Bibliography
Badgett, Lee, Kate Chambers, Gary J. Gates, Jennifer Ehrle Macomber. “Adoption and Foster
Care by Gay and Lesbian Parents in the United States.” March 2007. 20 July 2011.
Bartlesville, Oklahoma Municipal Code. Sec. 3-25. “Keeping of dogs and cats restricted.” 1986.
20 July 2011. statename=Oklahoma> Eitzen, D. Stanley, Barbara Wells, Maxine Baca Zinn. Diversity in Families. Boston: Pearson,
2008. Print.
Mississippi Code of 1972. SEC. 93-17-3. “Who may be adopted; who may adopt; venue of
adoption proceedings; certificate of child's condition; change of name; adoption by couples of same gender prohibited.” < http://www.mscode.com/free/statutes/ 93/017/0003.htm>1972. 20 July 2011.
Throughout American history, we have seen the United States become more progressive in their social issues, such as the abolishment of slavery, women’s suffrage, and the Civil Rights Movement. But as time has passed, we have encountered another group that is being discriminated against: homosexuals. Some states try their best to give equal rights to homosexuals so that they are respected as equally as everyone else. But in many states, such as Kansas and Arizona, private companies and businesses are given the right to turn down homosexual couples if it interferes with their religious beliefs. These two states also included places like hospitals where homosexuals can be denied from medical attention. These laws are very inhumane and are very hurtful to a large population of people today. But what if the people in states such as Kansas and Arizona think it is okay to have these laws instilled?
The Multiethnic Placement Act of 1994 (MEPA) (P. L. 103-82), was enacted on October 20, 1994 by President Bill Clinton ("Multi-Ethnic Placement Act," n.d.). The MEPA was passed to prohibit any agency or individual receiving Federal assistance that is involved in the adoption or foster care programs from delaying or denying the placement of a child based on the race, color, or national origin (RCNO) of the child or the adoptive or the foster parent (Civic Impulse, 2017). According to the Department of Human Services Online Directives Information System, adoption is the social and legal process designed to establish a new legal family giving children the same rights and benefits of those who are born into a family (2016). According to the Department
Bos, H. M., Van Balen, F., & Van den Boom, D. C. (2007). Child adjustment and parenting in planned lesbian-parent families. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77, 38-48. doi:
After hundreds of years of slavery in the western world, the end of the American Civil War brought forth a new age of questions which debated what rights qualifed as unalienable civil and human rights, and who should be afforded them. Whether it be the right to marry, the right to own land, the right to work, the right to vote, or the right to be a citizen, African Americans had to fight for and prove that these were rights that could not be denied to them as freedmen in America. After the Civil War and the abolishment of slavery, there was a great split in opinion between white and black Americans about what American freedom entailed and whether or not African Americans had fair access to it.
The topic of child welfare is quite a broad one. There are numerous programs and policies that have been put in place to protect children. One of these policies is that of Adoption. Adoption was put into place to provide alternate care for children who cannot live with their biological families for various reasons. One of the more controversial issues surrounding adoption is that of Transracial adoption. Transracial Adoption is the joining of racially different parents and children (Silverman, 1993).
Perrin, Ellen C., and Benjamin S. Siegel. "Promoting the Well-Being of Children Whose Parents Are Gay or Lesbian." Pediatrics 131.4 (2013): 1374-383. PDF file.
Couples, who for some reason are unable to have babies on their own; should consider adoption before began investigated other option to become a parents. But I am not talking just for traditional couples, I am talking for people who are not married, or a couple of the same sex as well. In one article of The New York Times, we can read, that Arkansas is one of the first states if is not the only one, to allow an unmarried couple or a gay couple to be eligible to adopt or be foster parents “Children need loving ...
In the Unites States, the first adoption law was passed in Massachusetts in 1851. This law called the 1851 Adoption of Children Act based adoptions on child welfare rather than on the benefits for adoptive parents. This law ensured judicial discretion of “fit and proper” parents. Another milestone for adoption came in 1868 when the Massachusetts Board of Stat...
...s parents are gay or lesbian couples, you just can’t! It is a pretty hard situation for both the parent and the children going through the process, but it could all be easy if gay and lesbian adoption is taken out of the picture completely.
Shapiro, Joseph P., Gregory Stephen. “Kids with Gay Parents.” U.S News and World Report. 121.11
“Persons Seeking to Adopt.” Child Welfare Information Gateway. N.p., Feb. 2011. Web. 13 Mar. 2012. .
In recent years, same-sex relationships have become more encompassing in US society. State legislation is changing such as accepting gay marriages, enforcing anti-discrimination laws, and legal gay adoptions; the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community is becoming public. Gay-headed families, like heterosexuals, are diverse and varying in different forms. Whether a created family is from previous heterosexual relationships, artificial insemination, or adoption, it deserves the same legal rights heterosexual families enjoy. Full adoption rights needs to be legalized in all states to provide a stable family life for children because sexual orientation does not determine parenting skills, children placed with homosexual parents have better well-being than those in foster care, and there are thousands of children waiting for good homes.
Despite the transition, little consideration has been given to understanding the growing population of gay adolescents. 25% of American families are likely to have a gay child (Hidalgo 24); In the United States, three million adolescents are estimated to be homosexual. Yet, American society still ignores gay adolescents. Majority of children are raised in heterosexual families, taught in heterosexual establishments, and put in heterosexual peer groups. Gay adolescents often feel forced by parents to pass as “heterosexually normal” (Herdt 2). As a result, homosexual teens hide their sexual orientation and feelings, especially from their parents. Limited research conducted on gay young adults on disclosure to parents generally suggests that disclosure is a time of familial crisis and emotional distress. Very few researchers argue that disclosure to parents results in happiness, bringing parents and children closer (Ben-Ari 90).
Homosexuality is becoming more and more accepted and integrated into today’s society, however, when it comes to homosexuals establishing families, a problem is posed. In most states, homosexuals can adopt children like any other married or single adult. There are many arguments to this controversial topic; some people believe that it should be legal nationally, while others would prefer that is was banned everywhere, or at least in their individual states. There are logical reasons to allow gays to adopt children, but for some, these reasons are not enough. The main issue really is, what is in the best interest of the child? This type of problem isn’t really one with causes, effects, and solutions, but one with pros and cons. Like any other adoption situation, a parent prove themselves to be responsible and capable enough to raise a child on their own, or with a spouse.
There indicators of child developmental outcomes were categorized into parent and child relationship quality, children’s cognitive development, children’s gender role behavior, children’s gender identity, children’s sexual preference, and children’s social and emotional development. There analysis showed that children with same-sex parents fared equally to children raised by heterosexual parents when comparing developmental outcomes. Same-sex parents also reported a significantly better relationship with their children than heterosexual parents, which was measured by the parent or child perception of the quality of their relationship. This goes back to the argument that parent sexuality has no impact on the child but rather the relationship between the parent and the child has is the most impactful. In Crowl, Ahn and Baker (2008) meta-analysis study also found that the parent sexual orientation had no effect on gender identity, cognitive development, psychological adjustment, and sexual