“It was like a Nazi rally. Yes, it was just that way Nuremberg must have felt.” (Lambert, 114) The Nazi rally was referred to the public address Governer Ross Barnett gave at half time during the football game between Ole Miss and the University of Kentucky. Nazi’s as well had rallies lead by Hitler. They had a notion that Jews were an inferior race, based on the idea of Eugenics. The Nazi’s and the South were alike in that aspect. The South saw African Americans as an inferior race and the only race that could be superior was the white race. In, The battle of Ole Miss: Civil Rights v. State Rights, the author Frank Lambert presents historian James Silver’s idea that Mississippi was a “closed society,” therefore diminishing any other views besides their own. Before one could consider Mississippi as a “closed society,” one must look at the history of what created Mississippi to become a “closed society,” to have strong beliefs of white supremacy and why they tried to sustain those beliefs at all cost. In this novel, Lambert address the issue that made a significant impact on Mississippi and its people. The issue of James Meridith, an African American who sought for high education from a prestigious school, Ole Miss. White Mississippians beliefs of white supremacy towards African Americans extreme. What caused Mississippi to become this society dates back to the civil war, the fear on African Americans surpassing them, and the politics. The civil war, was the war against the Confederacy and the Union states. The Confederacy state were mostly Southern state and the Union states were mostly the Northern states. Mississippi during the civil war ear was a confederate state. The Confederate states were pro slavery and the Union state... ... middle of paper ... ... was more simple to just let Meredith admitted. He had to comply with society in order to keep their vote for the next election. Barnett had to deny Meredith admission at all cost because he did not want Mississippi to think he was a “nigger lover.” He repeated stated that Ole Miss would never be integrated, and segregation would stay while he was governor. In conclusion, Mississippi was a closed society because of it roots of slavery, a fear of African American supremacy, its political leaders and views at the time. Mississippians grew up in a society were they knew nothing but segregation and that is what they were taught since they were born. They deemed it to be a normal way of life, that is why they tried to upheld society to stay segregated at all cost. Change for them was not easy for them. That is why I believe Mississippi was a closed society.
The purpose of this essay is to compare three very similar cases, the Scottsboro Trials, Brown v. Mississippi, and the fictional trial of Tom Robinson in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird; and to prove why the defendant of the third trial never had a chance. Each took place in the rural South in the 1920’s and 30’s and involved the unfair conviction of young black males by all-white juries pressured by the threat of mob violence. Each lacked the evidence sufficient for conviction, most especially for the death penalty. Last, heroes emerged from each trial and made small but solid steps towards equal justice for all.
...skegee Institute at that time, thought it was a great idea to because it would afford much professional opportunities for blacks in Macon County. Moton wanted an all black administration but would settle for a white chief administrator if he were of northern origin. Both money and power were the issues in the Veterans Administration hospital controversy. A white man who said pointed out another issue, "if niggers are put at the head of this hospital, they'll be responsible only to the United States and we don't want and we don't want any niggers in Alabama we can't control." (p. 28). Thus saying that whatever blacks do whites should have some kind of control in essence is still a form of slavery.
Imagine a historian, author of an award-winning dissertation and several books. He is an experienced lecturer and respected scholar; he is at the forefront of his field. His research methodology sets the bar for other academicians. He is so highly esteemed, in fact, that an article he has prepared is to be presented to and discussed by the United States’ oldest and largest society of professional historians. These are precisely the circumstances in which Ulrich B. Phillips wrote his 1928 essay, “The Central Theme of Southern History.” In this treatise he set forth a thesis which on its face is not revolutionary: that the cause behind which the South stood unified was not slavery, as such, but white supremacy. Over the course of fourteen elegantly written pages, Phillips advances his thesis with evidence from a variety of primary sources gleaned from his years of research. All of his reasoning and experience add weight to his distillation of Southern history into this one fairly simple idea, an idea so deceptively simple that it invites further study.
Integration and the University of Mississippi. Cartoon. New York Times [New York] 30 Sept. 1962: 1.
The traditions and way of life in Mississippi has had a huge impact on Modern Mississippi. If we were to take a look at modern television we see that they feed off all the negative associations that was once known as typical Mississippi. That is not the case whatsoever. Slavery, segregation, and Jim Crow at one time or another set the tone for life in Mississippi; however, Mississippi has made great strides from this time in history. Mississippi has grown to become a diverse state that has grown to accept and embrace other ethnicities and there cultural
In this paper I will inform you with a few of these events and topics such as the Civil war, slavery, as well as facts of the state. I hope my readers walk away with a new respect and outlook of Mississippi and learn how the past can affect the future, as well as the beauty.
... technological development in such fields as medicine and space exploration. The world’s first heart and lung transplants were performed at the University of Mississippi medical center, and the powerful main engines of the space shuttles are tested at the John C. Stennis space center on the Mississippi Golf Coast. After all the issues and problems Mississippi has gone through, the state has build it self up in the years. Mississippi has made billions in Exporting. Mississippi still remains one of the more rural states in the Union. The state has the nation’s lowest living cost. It has the lowest per capita personal in come of any state. Mississippi still has some racial issues today, and African American are still a big part of the population.
The suppression of the black voters was solely done through violence and the ensuing fear caused by the whites’ terrorism of the blacks. Lemann utilizes a series of questions and answers between a congressional investigating committee and a black farmer, Moses Kellaby, to further display the constant fear in which black citizens lived under the oppression of White Liners. Kellaby is recorded to state that the “White Line” organizations purpose is to “…kill all the darkies out,” and later goes on to add that, “[I]f a man does not vote as [the White Liners] want him to, he stands a poor hack. If a man does not vote the democratic ticket, he is gone up.” (Chapter 2). This inquisition is not only representative of the fear in which the black community lived in, but also the corruption of electoral fraud perpetrated by the White Liners, and presumably the Democratic Party. However, White Liners and taxpayer’s leagues were not the only ones guilty of corruption. Adelbert Ames, the Radical Republican Governor of Mississippi (among other titles such as General and Senator), was rather new to the scene of politics when he took office in 1868. He held his governorship for two years and was succeeded by his rival, James Lusk Alcorn in 1870. Alcorn was a former Democrat who, after realizing that Mississippi’s popular vote was that of
Well, my essay is about Mississippi. It’s a great place to be. There all kinds of events you can participate in. Blues music its part of Mississippi’s culture. This music comes from slaves in the fields, singing about their struggles, their conditions and their sorry. Many of the songs carried secret messages of escaping the plantation life. The music told of life experiences as slaves knew them. The stories sung about in their music went back before the Civil War and even to the western coast of Africa where men, women and children were captured and sold into slavery and brought to America as slave laborers to work in Southern plantations. The Mississippi Delta is considered to be the birthplace of the Blues, with the new music coming out of the Blues-Rock and Roll. The earliest blues musicians came from the Mississippi Delta region, where the uniquely form of music was born. These early musicians in turn inspired blues greats like Muddy Waters, B.B. King, Bobby “Blue” Bland, who eventually took the blues northward to Chicago and contributed further to t...
Mississippi has a long history of good and bad events. After the Civil War, reconstruction was necessary to repair the South and encourage the people to reenter the Union. In the days of the Civil Rights Movement Mississippi made history in a bad way. Those were tough times for a state that prided itself on self-reliance and determination while covering up hate. Mississippi and its people have always been dedicated to home and family, but it was not a perfect union of races and classes. Railways and waterways were the means to get crops to the Gulf of Mexico. There ships were waiting to take cotton and sugar cane to other countries. The Mississippi River is one of the ways to move goods, services, and people. Music is a part of the old and new Mississippi. Mississippi struggles to lift itself out of the past and into the future. Mississippi is the birth place of the Blues. Music is one way that all people of Mississippi come together in the same place at the same time. Music is alive and well at church, in community buildings, and even schools.
16-2: This document was penned by the Legislature of the State of Mississippi. The intended audience of this document was the citizens of the state of Mississippi in 1865, specifically the former slaves. This document was crafted in order to continue enslaving black citizens, while disguising it in legalities. Negroes were given certain rights that weren’t afforded to them as slaves, such as marriages being legally recognized if pre-existing. Other examples include: Negroes were considered competent witnesses, they were able to learn a trade, and were able to own land. However, there were restrictions to these newfound rights: Interracial marriage was illegal; masters were allowed to use corporal punishment as they saw fit, and could seek out
In a nation where literacy tests used to determine voter eligibility were ran by “registrars who could not read or write”, a statement made by a Civil Rights activist in the film Mississippi is this America?, unfair racial practices were running rampant, especially in the South. The year was 1964, and while many positive changes had occurred in the nation thanks to the work of Civil Rights workers, such as integrated interstate travel and integrated schools, much work still had to be done to ensure equality for all races in the United States. Through the exploration of the Freedom Summer, the Mississippi Democratic Freedom Party (which emerged from the Freedom Summer), and the actions that occurred in Selma, Alabama in the name of voting rights
The state Mississippi is known for many different cultures. These cultures consist of Native American Tunica, Natchez, Biloxi and Western Muskogeans also known as the Chickasaw and Choctaw tribes. In 1540, Hernando de Soto became the first European to discover Mississippi. He was looking for gold, pearls and silver. He was the first to document the great river into official reports. He called it the river El Rio de la Florida. Diseases caused a decline in the population. The United States forced the Indian tribes out of their homeland. During 1695, Europeans was interested in Mississippi because they were looking for commodities like deerskin, tobacco and indigo. They competed for coalitions with various tribes, which ended in deadly conflicts often, resulted. The French and Indian War created a treaty ending in 1763 gave minimal control of the region east of the Mississippi to England. Then during the American Revolution, the Spanish gained control of southern Mississippi. Mississippi was organized as a territory of the United States and kept their flag....
“Ladies and gentlemen, my friends and fellow Mississippians: I speak to you as your Governor in a solemn hour in the history of our great state and in our nation 's history. I speak to you now in the moment of our greatest crisis since the War Between the States.” (Doc. 2) Governor Barnett compares the war between states to the acceptance of James Meredith into the University of Mississippi. He believes an African American being accepted into a white University is as big of a crisis as a War. “They will never submit to the moral degradation, to the shame and the ruin which have faced all others who have lacked the courage to defend their beliefs. I have made my position in this matter crystal clear. I have said in every county in Mississippi that no school in our state will be integrated while I am your Governor.” (Doc 2) The Governor claims as long as he is the governor the state’s University will continue to be segregated. The state of Mississippi did not want Meredith attending the University because they compared it to moral degradation. They believed having an African American student was shameful. Not only did the state of Mississippi disagree, but the students of the university disagreed also. The Rebel Underground submitted a letter stating, “This attack upon our state involves much more than the simple admission of one Negro to Ole Miss. Meredith’s registration is only the
the Mississippi River has jumped here and there within an arc about two hundred miles wide, like a pianist playing with one hand frequently and radically changing course, surging over the left or the right bank to go off in utterly new directions. For the Mississippi to make such a change was completely natural, but in the interval since the last shift Europeans had settled beside the river, a nation had developed, and the nation could not afford nature. From fresh water gone, its harbor a silt bar, its economy disconnected from inland commerce, New Orleans would turn into new economy disconnected from inlands and New Orleans would turn into New Gomorrah. Moreover, there were so many big industries between the two cities that at night they made the river glow like a worm. Coming in from