The use of encryption is as old as the art of communication. In times of war encryption was called 'code,' and could be employed to keep the enemy from obtaining the contents of transmissions. Simple ciphers include the substitution of letters for numbers, the rotation of letters in the alphabet, and the 'scrambling' of voice signals more complex ciphers work according to sophisticated computer readings that rearrange the data bits in digital signals. In order to easily recover the contents of an encrypted signal, the correct decryption key is required. The key undoes the work of the encryption. Alternatively, a computer can be used in an attempt to 'break' the cipher. The more complex the encryption, the more difficult it becomes to eavesdrop on the communications. Hacker's part in breaking encryption can be either simple or devastatingly advanced. With tools called hex editors (Rootshell), Hackers are able to 'decode' the encryption. The tedious task includes decompiling the executable file, thus coding the transmission. Since there are currently 72 quadrillion possible encryption keys, for each given message, the key is chosen at random from its enormous database of keys, and these servers as a problem. Hackers have to tend with the newest standard 56-bit key coding, which servers as a tedious task (that's why they call them 'hackers') since encryption is the toughest to crack, it seems to be of larger standard. Internet companies, businesses, groups, and other miscellaneous programs have turned to its protection. It serves as a safe house for critical information. Together, firewalls and encryption of files can be counted as one of the most secure ways of protecting information. Although, Hackers can and will find ways to elu...
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... Commonly used, trustworthy symmetric algorithms include the following: Data Encryption Standard (DES), which uses a key of 64 bits (actually, only 56 bits are effectively used) International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA), which uses a key of 128 bits Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4), which uses variable-sized keys Rivest Cipher 5 (RC5), which is actually a family of algorithms using keys up to 2,048 bits. The term "strong" in the protocol security context often has a specific meaning that is not immediately apparent, but which skirts the issue you raise. "Strong authentication" means crypto-based authentication, irrespective of the algorithm or key length employed. the reason is that crypto-based authentication protocols have the capability to be strong, e.g., by selection of appropriate algorithms and key lengths, whereas password-based protocols typically do not.
In a world of computer crime, stolen identities, and network sabotage it would seem that hackers are the ones with the advantage with the rest of us playing the defensive. There are a number of tools that we use to fight back, such as: Anti-virus applications, firewalls, and encryption. These are some of the most well-known defensive strategies but there also exist one that actually encourages attacks, and is commonly called a honeypot. If you can remember the allure that Winnie the Pooh had for honey, the principal idea behind a honeypot should not be difficult to understand.
Information security today is a vast field, with more money, publications, and practitioners than all of computer science had a half-century ago (Diffie, 2008). The importance of information security in today’s society is exponentially greater than even ten years ago; businesses crumble at severe security breaches, people lose their identities, and countries lose well-kept secrets. Before this security came into importance, before widespread use of computers and other devices, it was known by another name; cryptology. The science of cryptology, cryptanalysis, and codes/code-breaking has actually played a concise and important role in history going back into the Renaissance era, and earlier. This science decided the fate of many lives and even turned the tides of both World Wars. Cryptographs in literature and letters , written by women, dating back into the Renaissance, during the 1600’s, ultimately lead to the execution of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, Queen Elizabeth’s second cousin. Communications during World War I and World War II between allied battalions were aided by code-talkers, men of multiple Native American heritages, who used native languages and developed codes found unbreakable by the enemy. Also during World War II, Alan Turing developed an electromechanical device called the ‘Bombe’, which was used at Blecthley Park , to decode encrypted transmissions from the German Axis soldiers who were using the Enigma Machine to encode their communications.
The ever evolving method of cryptography, or sending messages through code, can be traced throughout the history of the world. Early Egyptians communicated through mysterious hieroglyphics. Ancient Greeks concealed secret messages beneath wax on tables or with tattoos on a slave’s head. During the Renaissance in Europe, citizens would use a substitution cipher to carry messages about political and religious revolutions. During World War I and previous battles, most countries used codes to contact their navy or army branches abroad, in case of enemy interception. Which subsequently brings us to World War II, and the major role that codebreaking played in the results of the war. Some of the main codebreaking events during World War II, the breaking
In the rapidly developing field of computer science, there is no more controversial issue than encryption. Encryption has become a highly contested issue with the broad use of global networks including the Internet. As more and more sensitive documents are being placed on computer networks, and trusted information is being sent from computer to computer throughout the world, the need for encryption has never been greater. However, the effects of encryption on our lifestyle and the government's role in encryption has been (and will continue to be) debated for years to come.
In reality, most hackers are ordinary people with a great deal of curiosity, above-average skills with a computer, a good understanding of human nature, and plenty of time to kill. Hackers have no distinguishing characteristics. Your next-door neighbor could be a hacker, as could your niece or nephew, one of your co-workers, or even the kid who serves you coffee in the morning. Not all hackers are dangerous and out to destroy business or damage lives. The view of the general public toward hackers is mixed. A recent CNN-poll shows 33% of respondents labeling hackers as "useful," 17% seeing them "as a menace," and the majority (45%) seeing hackers as "both" useful and a menace (CNN, 1999).
Encryption refers to the translation of data into secret serial characters. It is the most successful medium to achieve security of data. To access an encrypted file or data, a user must have the secret key or password to allow the entry to the data for decryption. Encrypted data is called cipher text whereas an unencrypted data is referred to as plain text.
Hacking has been around since the birth of computers. When the term hacking was first used, its meaning was not that of how we think of it today. At the origins of computing, a hacker was considered to be just a "creative programmer (Baase, 2003)." Early forms of computer games as well as the beginnings of operating systems were discovered and created by these original hackers. These hackers plunged into systems as a way of an intellectual challenge and to aspire to gain knowledge (Baase, 2003). Kevin Mitnick believes he falls into this realm of hackers. Hackers in today's era are now looked upon as criminals who invade the privacy rights of individuals and have the ability to deliver worms/viruses. The differences are that hackers today have full intentions of delivering terrible viruses and worms. Mitnick was one of the most infamous hackers during the 1980's. He molded his hacking style around the stupidity of humans and his quest for intellectual knowledge. The ways in which he wiggled his way into computer systems extenuates many of the issues surrounding computer security and privacy.
Data Encryption is from the cryptography science, which includes coding and decoding of message to protect the safety. Development computer technology makes the encryption even more complicated. The ability for people to break codes is increasing, so are the ability to guard the codes. Many encryptions are available now. They were developed by some hi-tech company and sold, or you can choose some free service. Actually, when you are using the web browsers, emails, or even the basic system, your information has been automatically encrypted.
...e information which in most cases is very fast. The identity and the location of the attacker are easily maneuvered by installing new programs otherwise called viruses that ensure they escape scot free. It is therefore very difficult to have culprits and no legal actions is taken against such activities for there is little information leading to the source of theft.
When the entire body of knowledge concerning passwords is evaluated a few things become abundantly clear. First, passwords are going to be around for some time yet. There simply are no present alternatives that are cost competitive with passwords or that users can adopt in a successful manner. While it is certainly a noble effort to explore replacements for passwords, we cannot refuse to acknowledge their continued existence in the foreseeable future.
Computer science is a vast field that includes nearly everything relating to computers. Everyday there is information transmitted all over the Internet. Pictures are uploaded, transactions are made on thousands of online retail websites, and banking transactions take place everyday on the Internet. All of these transactions have created a need for secure communications. People wish to keep things like banking, medical, and political information from the eyes of unwelcome parties. This has created a need for cryptography. Cryptography is the science or study of the techniques of secret writing, especially code and cipher systems, and is used by everyone from the average citizen to the government and military.
Despite the numerous advantages offered by cloud computing, security is a big issue concerned with cloud computing. There are various security issues and concerns associated with cloud computing, among them being phishing, data loss and data privacy. There are different mitigation measures that cloud pioneers are currently using to ensure data stored in the cloud remain secure and confidential as intended. Encryption is one mitigation method used to ensure security in cloud computing. According to Krutz and Vines (2010), encryption involves coding of the data stored in the computing cloud such that hackers cannot gain access to the data. Data encryption seems to be the most effective method of ensuring security in computing (Krutz and Vines, 2010). However, it is of paramount importance to note that encrypted data is usually difficult to search or perform various calculations on it.
...M and the US National Security Agency. It was previously the most dominant type of encryption, but it is now being taken over by AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). Since data encryption standard, only took on a 56-bit symmetric key encryption, AES uses three key sizes, 128, 192, and 256 bits. When personal computer users want to encrypt email or other documents, they go to Phillip Zimmerman?s "Pretty Good Privacy" software. This software allows you to digitally sign a message, which verifies to the recipient that you are the sender and that no interfering is involved.
The protection of data being transferred between ATMs and the bank, and the use of cell phones is the most common everyday encounter with encryption. To encrypt and decrypt information a cipher is used. In a cipher there is a set of well-defined steps that can be followed to encrypt and decrypt messages. The use of a cipher relies greatly on the use of an encryption key. The key may contain any auxiliary information added to the cipher to produce certain
Encryption plays a big role with the safety now in day because everything is now done digitally and it helps it be more confidential. This prevent “hackers”, well it’ll be difficult for them to open the gateway to get all the confidential information someone wanted to hide. The disadvantage is that drug dealer and sex trafficker can make money by making the encryptions and that’s where they have people wire the money and it’s untraceable unless cracked. Encryption is playing a big role in the world because people use it for protection in their important usage or for government purposes and others use it for the dark web to transfer their illegal money to be untraceable.