The Millau Viaduct Connects two limestone plateaus (the Causse du Larzac and the Causse Rouge), crossing above the Tarn valley below, who’s small winding country roads around the town of Millau used to be heavily congested in holiday seasons as it was the only way across the valley. The Bridge is situated in the communes of Millau and Creissels, in the south of France. The Millau Viaduct is the final link in the A75 AutoRoute, a superhighway which stretches from Clermont-Ferrand to Pezenas. This is a large, continuous highway where cars can travel at speeds exceeding the normal speed limit, and is long and straight, allowing cars to travel right though France directly and quickly. The Millau Viaduct is the tallest suspension bridge in the world, with its tallest pylon measuring to 343 m height, and total weight measured at 242,000 tonnes. The road itself stretches for 2.46km and is 280m above the valley floor. The weight of the road deck is a whopping 36,000 tonnes. The steel road deck, 4.2m thick, has a width of 32m, wide enough for two lanes of traffic in each direction. The total amount of concrete used on the structure was 205,000 tonnes. One of the great engineering feats when building this bridge was the use of steel. Despite its maximum height of 343m span of 2.46km, 280m above the valley floor, the bridge is actually quite light. 242,000 tonnes seems like a lot but without the use of steel on the structure, this bridge would have been more than twice as heavy. Steel is a much stronger material than concrete, so can support more weight with less mass. The actual road deck, which is comprised almost entirely of steel, only weighs 36,000 tonnes. The other 206,000 tonnes comes primarily from the massive pylons, which are m... ... middle of paper ... ...was reduced, and the bridge was guaranteed a longer life. The Hampden Bridge was built to replace the Wagga Wagga company bridge, a toll bridge that was constructed in 1862. The Hampden bridge was built as it would provide the main and one of the only links between North Wagga Wagga South Wagga Wagga, which were divided by the Murrumbidgie river. The Hampden Bridge was a great advantage the community of Wagga-Wagga as it enabled quick easy access over the Murrumbidgie River so as to cross from North to South Wagga Wagga. Some of the disadvantages of the bridge were that after 100 years of use, in 1975, the bridge was starting to fall apart and eventually, after a few years, the maintenance cost of the structure was starting to get to high so the Wagga Wagga council closed the bridge, and currently there are plans in place to demolish the bridge in the future.
The Bailey Island Bridge is located in Harpswell, Maine on Route 24. Before the making of the bridge, the fishermen that lived on Bailey’s Island wanted a bridge that connected their island to Orr’s Island. The town of Harpsweell made and voted on their decisions in the weekly town meetings (“Bailey”). The project was stalled because of some of the mainlanders in the town, but it was brought back up for discussion in 1912. They first agreed on a “road” which would connect the two islands and would be constructed with timber. This was to cost $3,000. The cost quickly reached $25,000 at a later town meting because they decided to build the bridge with stone and concrete instead. Once the legislature decided to pass a bill stating that it would fun state’s highway and bridge projects, they decided to move forward with the project (Hansen, 36).
According to Suspension bridges: Concepts and various innovative techniques of structural evaluation, “During the past 200 years, suspension bridges have been at the forefront in all aspects of structural engineering” (“Suspension”). This statement shows that suspension bridges have been used for over 200 years, and that people are still using them today because they are structurally better bridges. This paper shows four arguments on the advantages of suspension bridges, and why you should use one when building a bridge. When deciding on building a suspension bridge, it has many advantages such as; its lightness, ability to span over a long distance, easy construction, cost effective, easy to maintain, less risk
"MO- The Bridgeway to Ridgway." The Bridgeway to Ridgway. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2014.
The bridge, Prince Edward Viaduct located in Toronto, Ontario and the Roman bridge, Pont du Gard, located in Vers-Pnt-du-Gard, Gard, France, are both arch bridges that were both built using the development of an arch. The arches on Prince Edward Viaduct and Pont du Gard provide flexibility and assists the overall stability of the structure. Although, the Roman arch bridge was built in 1st c BCE, the arch structure have been improved and was used to built the Prince Edward Viaduct, that was opened in 1918.
The engineering design process helped my two partners and I through this project. First, we identified the problem of needing to hold weight from the center of the bridge. Next, we established a very detailed design of our bridge and how much total wood was needed to build it. After spending much time on the design, we built the design. The building of the bridge took a long time to do and took much precision. Next we tested it and presented it all at one time. We realized what we could do to improve it if we ever do it again and what design flaws that we
Compare with other types of bridges, suspension bridge can span the longest distance without using lots of material. However, if the issue of stiffness was not fully cosidered, vibration would be occurred on the bridge deck under high wind. A few week after the Tacoma Narrow Bridge was operated, the bridge start oscillation and its oscillation kept increasing day by day. Therefore engineers tried to build more cable between the bridge, but it is still unsuccessful. After four months the Tacoma Narrows Bridge was build, the bridgre which normally vibrated in a vertiacal motion, began to oscillate with the opposite side out of phase (torsional model), under the wind of 68 km/h. Due to the extremely violent oscillation, the failure bagan at the mid-...
The bridge is eight hundred and five meters long (although its main span is only three hundred and forty five meters) and it is thiry two point two meters wide.
This all iron design made the bridge a lot heavier than it was designed for, which added more stress to the truss. This fact, by itself, wouldn’t cause any alarm. However, the bridge itself, was very poorly constructed. The members of the bridge were all different sizes, and they were not connected together properly. Due to the poor construction and eleven years of use, members of the bridge had started to bend due to the stress. Despite bridge engineers inspecting the bridge for eleven years, no one noticed these faults with the bridge. However, the ultimate cause of this collapse, was so tiny, only one of the investigators, after the collapse, noticed it. A tiny air hole was left during the construction of the bridge, “and grew with repeated stress over eleven years” (Escher, 2009). This hole would develop in a crack, due to the changing temperatures and the trains crossing it for over eleven years. This would weaken the overall strength of the bridge. The cold winter air and the weight of the train would ultimately prove to be too much, and the whole bridge came crashing
Chicago is well known for being very close with water. Not only is there Lake Michigan but also the Chicago River that runs through the middle of the city. In the heart of the city bridges help bring boats through the busy city streets and on the outskirts trains are brought across the water. No matter where you are in Chicago, you probably had crossed a bridge to get there.
The bridge model is a three span bridge with 60, 80 and 60. The carriageway is 7 m wide by 1.0 m wide sidewalks along each position. There are in situ diaphragm abutments and pier. The superstructure is built integral with the base. The foundations of the bridge are precast concrete piles with in-situ pile-caps. To avoid unnecessary reactions resulting from thermal expansion of the platform, the abutments are taken as small batteries and flexible enough. Although not enough to fill the back foot diaphragms to resist forces of longitudinal acceleration and braking.
A total of nine spans will used with three being 450 feet in length and six being 150 feet in length. 70 kips per square inch steel will be used for all structural members. Seven girders will be used for each span, all with slender webs, compact flanges and transverse stiffeners for buckling support. The dimensions for the 450-foot
In this lesson, we explore the history, construction, and restoration of the Longfellow Bridge that connects the cities of Boston, Massachusetts and Cambridge, Massachusetts across the Charles River.
The Central Artery Tunnel Project, more commonly known as the Big Dig, is said to be the largest, most complex and technologically challenging highway project in American history. It is the culmination of decades of planning and forethought and is hoped to alleviate the traffic congestion that has plagued the Boston area since the invention of the automobile. The project incorporates a major underground highway system, a revolutionary cable-stayed bridge, and a series of impressive tunnel crossings, each a considerable feat on their own, all constructed in the midst of a bustling city.
Joseph B. Strauss, a famous designer of movable spans became interested in building a bridge at the Golden Gate so he submitted a proposal. His design was a hybrid structure that included a suspension span of 2,640 feet long along with a cantilevered truss span of 685 ft. on each end. However, his design was rejected by the public because they thought such a bridge would ruin the beauty of the area. Therefore, Strauss had to work with Othmar Ammann, Charles Derleth Jr., and Leon Moisseiff, consulting engineers, who together created a new design. They created a suspension bridge with a length of 4,000 ft. Their new design was approved by the U.S. War Department in 1930 and construction proceeded.
Over the East River in New York City stands the Brooklyn Bridge, connecting the Brooklyn and Manhattan boroughs. From end to end, the bridge spans 6,016 feet and weighs a heavy 14,680 tons. Ever since construction on the Brooklyn Bridge was completed in 1883, the bridge has offered a safe route with scenic views to tens of thousands of tourists and commuters who have traveled it via train, car, pushcart, and bicycle. The history behind the Brooklyn Bridge is definitely intriguing as well as important because many fatalities occurred in the construction process, including one which occurred before construction on the bridge even started. Also, a lot of workers, time and money were used in building the bridge. In addition,