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materialism in today's society
consumerism in today's society
consumerism in today's society
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Max Barry's Jennifer Government and William Gibson's Neuromancer each depict a dystopian image of the world. In both novels, greed and consumerism become the vice that plagues humanity. Materialism is no longer abstract, but a way of life in these alternate realities. Corporations maintain control over the products they sell as well as the individuals they solicit to. Characters in each novel become victims of corporate tyrants when production precedes compassion. Jennifer Government and Neuromancer portray mass consumerism and human exploitation resulting in a societal dystopia.
Firstly, both novels portray a current social anxiety of consumerism. The concept of consumerism lends itself to a desire to better society and build the economy. Industrialization provides jobs and products to buy and sell, eventually building a more prosperous society. However, like many seemingly good ideas it has the potential to cause problems. This involves the power commercialism has over the masses through use of advertisement propaganda and tactics. Greed becomes a consuming force that strives to gain power and money by any means. Barry and Gibson present a possible future where the idea of accumulation of wealth for both the consumers and corporations has the potential to dominate and even destroy people’s lives.
In Jennifer Government power is in the hands of North American corporations. The majority of the world including North and South America, Russia, Australia, and portions of South Asia and Africa, have become part of the United States. Companies such as Nike, McDonald’s, Pepsi and so forth own everything that is not privatized, such as schools and hospitals. The police and government have become privatized and do not provide ai...
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...nsumerism in Barry and Gibson’s worlds is inescapable and humanity is thereby replaceable.
In summation, the free market creates a vicious cycle where people are feeding off one another for superiority. In Jennifer Government and Neuromancer, the mindset of the company becomes that of the people; buying power means societal power. This greed, though profitable, carries itself to a new level; transforming people into the products they buy either through victimization or self-solicitation. In both novels, people live the brand they work for as well as fall victim to corporate tactics. It seems that the social anxiety that Barry and Gibson portray is a very possible result of current consumerism ideals. If left to cultivate, production will become the new governing power, and it is up to each individual to decide whether to purchase a share and sell their soul.
The United States includes North America, South America, Australia, and the United Kingdom, to name a few. The company a person works for is taken as their surname. And outside the Government, the NRA and the Police are two other organizations of power. These are only a few descriptions of the world that Max Berry has created in his novel Jennifer Government. While the novel may seem like any other fiction book, reading the book closely will reveal Berry’s true purpose of crafting this type of world. In this fictional story, an aspect of life that Berry makes prominent is consumerism. For example, the book is built from the mistake of the first character that is introduced, Hack Nike. Hack works for the Nike Company, and when he receives an opportunity to receive a higher salary, he mindlessly signs a contract, sealing the deal. However, the contract has required him to execute certain illegal activities.
Ray Bradbury gives us a dark look into a possible future where machines fill the gaps in broken families, in his short story The Veldt. The Veldt deceives its readers into believing the family exist in a utopia, when in reality, the book suddenly descends into dystopian horror. The book starts out as playful, showing just how much the house does for the family, taking care of their every want and need. As we learn later, the nursery isn't such a blessing. The nursery is a malicious seed planted in the heart of the family, infecting the children by spoiling them and entertaining their darkest fantasies. Inflicting cracks in the already distant family, tearing them apart. We never get a glimpse of what kind of world this is, we only know of the
In the essay The Chosen People, Stewart Ewen, discusses his perspective of middle class America. Specifically, he explores the idea that the middle class is suffering from an identity crisis. According to Ewen’s theory, “the notion of personal distinction [in America] is leading to an identity crisis” of the non-upper class. (185) The source of this identity crisis is mass consumerism. As a result of the Industrial Revolution and mass production, products became cheaper and therefore more available to the non-elite classes. “Mass production was investing individuals with tools of identity, marks of personhood.” (Ewen 187) Through advertising, junk mail and style industries, the middle class is always striving for “a stylistic affinity to wealth,” finding “delight in the unreal,” and obsessed with “cheap luxury items.” (Ewen 185-6) In other words, instead of defining themselves based on who they are on the inside, the people of middle class America define themselves in terms of external image and material possessions.
In his novel, Brave New World, Aldous Huxley provides stark warnings for contemporary American society by using the futuristic but relatable setting of the “World State”. When reading such dystopia novels as Brave New World, readers must consider the implications of the author’s warnings and how they are relevant to the world we live in. One such warning that deeply relates to contemporary American society is that of the dangers of consumerism and the materialistic view that results from it. As in the “World State”, we live in a culture where economic stability is favored over the preservation of resources. Moreover, people seem to feel that spending and buying is a way to increase or maintain social status. While climbing up the social hierarchy
America’s current standard of living is going to cause our demise. Consumerism is a problem throughout Americans culture since mass production began in the late nineteenth century. The obsession with consumerism has led to mindless wastes of resources, a diseased society and economic instability. Rick Wolff, a professor of economics at University of Massachusetts, states “economics of capitalism spread consumerism—now uncontrolled, ecologically harmful, and fiscally disastrous—throughout the United States”. Wolff’s viewpoint on consumerism aligns with mine. Believing that an economy based on promoting endless consumption is volatile and unsustainable. Consumerism can be analyzed and seen to be embedded by corporations and politicians.
Of all the strange beasts that have come slouching into the 20th century, none has been more misunderstood, more criticized, and more important than materialism. Who but fools, toadies, hacks, and occasional loopy libertarians have ever risen to its defense? Yet the fact remains that while materialism may be the most shallow of the 20th century's various -isms, it has been the one that has ultimately triumphed. The world of commodities appears so antithetical to the world of ideas that it seems almost heresy to point out the obvious: most of the world most of the time spends most of its energy producing and consuming more and more stuff. The really interesting question may be not why we are so materialistic, but why we are so unwilling to acknowledge
The representation of capitalism and communism is very prevalent in ‘Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?’ This is by way of the metaphorical figure heads Buster Friendly and Wilber Mercer. J.R Isidore, a biologically unacceptable ‘special’ by means of the radioactive dust of WWT – outcast as a menace to the pristine heredity of the emigrated human race – and yet, unknown to himself, Dick’s purest form of empathy and circumstantial understanding: “I think Buster Friendly and Mercerism are fighting for control of our psychic souls.” Capitalism and Communism are two entirely diverse economic systems. Buster Friendly and the Replicant community represent capitalism; propaganda of specific brand name (Penfield mood organ, Mountibank lead codpieces) and corrupt corporation (the Rosen Corporation), fed through a television set – a quintessential self-sustaining capitalist economy. Whereas, Mercerism is a political system of equality; Mercer being a mantra of sorts, someone to contemplate and empathize with in order to maintain social order – saving the world from android's indifference and apathy. Thesis
Everyone is in a consumer’s hypnosis, even if you think you are not. When you go to a store and pick one brand over the other, you are now under their spell. The spell/ hypnosis is how companies get you to buy there things over other companies and keep you hooked. Either through commercials or offering something that you think will make your life better by what they tell you. For example, you go to the store and you need to buy water, once you get to the lane and look, there is 10 different types of water you can buy. You go pick one either because the picture is better or you seen the commercial the other day and you want it. During the length of this paper we will talk about two important writers, Kalle Lasn the writer of “The Cult You’re in” and Benoit Denizet-Lewis writer of “ The Man Behind Abercrombie & Fitch”. They both talk about similar topics that go hand and hand with each other, they talk about the consumers “Dream”, how companies recruit the consumers, who cult members really are, how people are forced to wear something they don’t want, and about slackers.
To sum up, Vonnegut criticizes an illusion of a utopia by punishing individuality and using technology to control society. The pressure of having a perfect society was important to be sustained. This is still a prevalent issue to this day as many nations struggle to achieve this goal. Vonnegut takes notice of the society’s lies and uses “Harrison Bergeron” to
...ore and more of an emotional ploy to convince the reader of the problems of capitalism, and further the author’s case for large scale societal changes.
...the choice for what they want. George Saunders creates a dystopian world in his collection of short stories. The general message is the persuasion of people in an era of consumerism. What’s ironic is that this is a world where most people are not even aware that they are being persuaded, but are happily integrated into the dystopian environment. The setting Saunders gives us is set in America and could be easily applied to our country or any country for that fact. Saunders is highly effective in his use of a dystopian setting, complex characters, and his character’s modest diction to accentuate the problems in today’s materialistic society. Saunders succinctly informs that audience on the issues, but the audience ultimately decides whether or not the issue will be solved. Saunders is only the messenger and the reader is the one who should act on his message.
This essay will outline the claim that consumption creates new social divisions. The definition of consumption refers to the acquisition, use and disposal of goods and services (Hetherington, 2009, p13). This is where the term ‘social division’ refers to a number of social differences (module glossary, 2013). This essay will establish the connection between consumption and creation of new social divisions within the UKand will look at social scientists Thorstein Veblen (1899) concept of ‘conspicuous consumption’, Zygmunt Bauman’s (1988) concept of ‘the seduced and the repressed’ and supermarket’s effect on consumer society, by applying Dennis Wrong (1997) ‘zero-sum game’ and ‘positive-sum game’.
He also looks at the world of men. He utilizes some elements of postmodernism to create a postmodern commentary on the world of sales. According to the document “Modernity/Modernism/Postmodernism” “Late capitalism. There is also a general sense that the world has been so taken over by the values of capitalist acqusition that alternatives no longer exist. One symptom of this fear is … This fear is, of course, aided by advancements in technology, especially surveillance technology, which creates the sense that we are always being watched.” Since 1776, generations of Americans are convinced, as long as through the efforts of unremitting struggle will be able to get a better life. People have to through their own hard work, courage, creativity and determination to move towards prosperity. This play through the people’s failure to denial of everyone can success in the “American
When it comes to anthropological theory the combination of several established ways of thought often result in a completely new and independent way of thinking. Cultural Materialism is one of these children theories that resulted from a coming together of social evolutionary theory, cultural ecology and Marxist materialism (Barfield). The goal of cultural materialism is to explain politics, economics, ideology and symbolic aspects of a culture with relation to the needs of that society. From a cultural materialist point of view society is indisputably shaped by the factors of production and reproduction. From this all other facets of society, such as government and religion, must be beneficial to that society’s ability to satisfy the minimum requirements to sustain themselves (Harris 1996). An example of this would be the invention and continued use of industry because it increased the ability to produce needed materials and food. One important aspect of the cultural materialistic approach is that it operates completely from the etic perspective. Marvin Harris, one of the founders of cultural materialism, believed that a holistic approach is vital to correctly analyzing culture and believed that the emic approach failed at providing a wide enough scope. Harris tried to employ the scientific method and incorporated it into his theory. The result of this is that cultural materialism focuses only on events that are observable and quantifiable and replicable (Harris 1979). Cultu...
“Confessions of a Shopaholic” begins with Rebecca Bloomwood, the protagonist, reluctantly reading a visa bill, setting the message of overconsumption as the overarching theme. As she goes down the purchase list, she begins justifying each expense and describing the necessity and superficial utility it has in her life. At first the impression is portrayed that she is a victim of the societal culture and pressures. However, as the novel progresses you quickly learn her unfortunate situation is her own doing, and deep down she has the ability to solve each problem. The author captures how life in a capitalist world is depicted as a consumer. In addition, having such a relatable protagonists develops a sense of empathy and understanding in the readers. Through what seem to be fictitious non-issues, Sophie Kinsella has made her target market...