Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Relationship between Thailand and Malaysia
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Relationship between Thailand and Malaysia
Maritime boundary and territorial Issues
Several ASEAN countries are engaged in maritime demarcation disputes with one another. The most important of these involve Thailand’s tense relationship with Myanmar, the Philippines’ dispute with Malaysia over the province of Sabah, the competing claims of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam in the South China Sea, territorial disputes between Malaysia and Indonesia and Malaysia and Thailand, and tension between Singapore and Malaysia. Maritime boundary demarcation has significant influence on ASEAN member states relation. JN Mak in Sovereignty in ASEAN and the Problem of Maritime Cooperation in South China Sea argues that cooperation at sea is highly problematic in contrast to the terrestrial realm where territorial boundaries/ sovereignties have been clearly established. This he said is because ASEAN members engaged in boundary makings. Boundary demarcation and delimitation among ASEAN member state is clear example how fragile the region’s CBM. Lingering tensions and suspicions and unresolved territorial disputes pose a serious impediment to expanded intra- ASEAN defense cooperation that narrow down to naval cooperation. This is one of the main reasons this region has a very fragile CBM which is caused by disparity of national interest among the member countries of ASEAN.
Among the many boundary and territorial disputes, three main disputes of concern to Malaysia is the dispute between Malaysia and Indonesia in the Celebes Sea, between Malaysia and Singapore in Pulau Batu Puteh (Pedra Branca) and in the South China Sea.
2.1. Batuan Unarang
Based on the provisions given by the ‘Geneva Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone 1958’, supported by the Emergency (...
... middle of paper ...
...SEAN Maritime Forum was introduced to promote CMB; however there is a need for a common agreement to prevent confrontation and incidents in ASEAN maritime domain.
Nevertheless, a common agreement can be a daunting long process and unlikely to be achieved in the near future. ASEAN policy of non interferences binds countries to have bilateral agreements rather than multilateral. Besides, ASEAN states are preoccupied with internal security and regional survival that makes Intra-ASEAN defense cooperation difficult, thus a common naval agreement is no exception to the existing challenges. In other word, capability for confidence-building among the ASEAN navies is predicated upon the comfort levels or expectations of each naval service with regard to engaging in prospective shared responsibilities and active co-operation for regional maritime security.
Under the UN 1982 treaty, a state’s territorial sea extends twelve nautical miles from the national coastline (Slomanson 305). Within this area, Ecuador exercises its sovereignty over these waters as if it were a landmass (Slomanson 305). All aspects of the sea are under its control, including the seabed and airspace. Furthermore, Ecuador is allowed to impose laws that regulate the territory and consume resources that lie inside this defined area. Within this territorial sea, Ecuador “must exercise its sovereign power in this adjacent strip of water” (Slomanson 305). Additionally, Ecuador is expected to chart this water and to provide warning of navigational hazards (Slomanson 305). However, Ecuador did not act upon this and was “lax in enforcing it”. In 1951, the International Court of Justice issued this statement in response to a ruling:
The partnership between Australia and Japan instigated with the signing of ANZUS treaty in 1951. ANZUS joined the nations of Australia, New Zealand and the United States of America in a defence security pact for the Pacific region. It chiefly resulted from the fear of communism by Western nations. However, from Australia’s point of view at the time, ANZUS also offered protection against a potential threat from Japan. Australia was concerned that Japan would try to conquer the Pacific region again after suffering defeat in the Second World War. Hanson.M (2001:28) sates that shortly after the end of World War Two, Australia wanted the Japanese government turned into a democracy. She even wanted a peace treaty that punished those leaders responsible for Japan’s aggression, broke the great industrious complexes of Japan’s economy, and left Japan disarmed. The ANZUS treaty however, created a connection between Australia and Japan on easier terms. With United States backing Australia, it was now safe to interact with Japan. Although ANZUS did not guarantee direct military support from United States, it still provided consultation in an event of attack on any of the three countries. Wolferen.K (1989:54) notes that security co-operation has been growing between Australia and Japan throughout the 1990’s. Communist China was the major concern for the two nations. Japan and Australia had the same negative views about communism, which led to them sharing a common purpose in countering the communists within that region.
18 May 2006. . War Powers Resolution -. 15 May 2006. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 18 May 2006. .
The U.S. Navy nurtured into a challenging power in the years previous to World War II, with battleship construction being revived in 1937, commencing with the USS North Carolina . It was able to add to its fleets throughout the early years of the war when the US was still not involved, growing production of vessels both large and small. In a conflict that had a number of amphibious landings, naval superiority was important in both Europe and the Pacific. The mutual resource...
In the book Red Star Over the Pacific: China’s Rise and the Challenge of U.S. Maritime Strategy, the authors discuss their interpretation of Chinese strategy as it relates to the U.S. maritime power in the Western Pacific. Dr. Yoshihara and Dr. Holmes postulate that Chinese strategists have studied Alfred Thayer Mahan’s theories of sea power. He further expounds on “China’s ability to harness such power against others or to nullify the overbearing power adversaries hold in important sea areas.”1 The book continues by presenting an argument that Chinese strategist use a combination of Mahan and Mao Zedong to cover the strategic and operational levels of war for the ultimate purpose of building maritime power in order to build a great nation. This may be one explanation for current Chinese strategy, but is there another, possibly more practical explanation? This paper will present an alternate, more practical approach to today’s Chinese strategy. Contrary to a Mahanian approach, China bases its strategy on the practical needs of a great nation undergoing a ‘peaceful development’ supported by concepts from the Chinese military classics. In essence, the development of Chinese Anti-Access/Area-Denial (A2/AD) and maritime capabilities comes as a result of the need to maintain social harmony and safeguard national interests, not in order to develop command at sea as Mahan theorizes.
On March 24, 1999, the united countries of North Atlantic Treaty Organization, under pressure from the United States, launched an illegal assault upon a sovereign nation. The evidence is overwhelming that leaders within the United State government sponsored this decision with the extreme perseverance from President of the United States. NATO should have dismissed the request for assault and involvement for it was clearly illegal. It’s perpetrators showed total disregard for Article One of the NATO Charter, which incorporates by reference the United Nations Charter, Chapter One, Article Two, Sections Three, Four and Seven. These sections make it clear that NATO’s role is to be purely defensive. The aggression that NATO has undertaken did not come from or with approval of the UN Security Council, which NATO’s Charter clearly states numerous times that the UN Security Council will convene and approve of any such matter or action. It is a brutal violation of NATO’s Charter and of all principles of international law.
International organizations such as NATO and the UN are essential not only for global peace, but also as a place where middle powers can exert their influence. It is understandable that since the inception of such organizations that many crises have been averted, resolved, or dealt with in some way thro...
Thomas Wright’s “The Fall of the Unipolar Concert” describes the decline of U.S. global power to other states like Russia and China. It claims that these countries have been initiating revisionist and power balancing measures that threaten U.S. global hegemony. Russia brings back a light red scare by annexing Crimea to stop the expansion of the European Union and NATO, building up its military capabilities, and executing special military operations (Wright, 8). China has strengthen its claims on the South China Sea through aggressive marine operations which have created tensions with Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei and the United States. China has station and intimidated the surrounding countries where they claim as their economic exclusion zones while blocking the U.S.’s freedom to navigate the waters.
The Cross-Strait relations refer to the bitter and unstable relations between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. The term comes from the relationship that both China and Taiwan has had, physically across the Taiwanese Strait. The relationship between the countries has been filled with war, tension, and little contact. In the earliest of Taiwanese history, both nations fought to seek diplomatic control as the legitimate form of Chinese government (Lee). In recent years, Taiwan has sought out to seek independence and separate from all ties with the Chinese mainland. China has continued its claim on Taiwan and its people, threatening military action against any act of independence. While the tensions are high between the two nations, each country has seen the benefits to maintaining an economic relationships with each other (Mack). From 2008 and on, the "three links" of transportation, commerce, and communication have been at the forefront of the diplomatic relationship. Taiwan has gone through multiple phases of conflict throughout its history.
INTRODUCTION : a brief overview of the current situation regarding the security issue in the Pacific region
Malaysia is located in the south-eastern Asia, bordering Thailand and northern one-third of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia, Brunei, and the South China Sea, south of Vietnam. Due to its locations, it has been colonised since the late 18th centuries by many countries. Since 1965, Malaysia has had one of the best economic records in Asia, with GDP average of 6.5% growth for almost 50 years. The economical development especially boosted during 1981 and 2003 under the governance of Prime Minister Mahathir bin Mohamad. Malaysia succeeded in diversifying its economy from dependence on exports of raw materials to expansion in manufacturing, services, and tourism. Also, the current Prime Minister continues to pursue pro-business policies .
The aim of this service paper is to analyze the functions of North Atlantic Treaty Organization and its future.
Although, within the U.N. Charter of 1945, Article 2(4) prohibits the use of force against ‘the territorial integrity or political independence of any state’ (U.N. Charter, art.2 para.4), it has been suggested by counter-restrictionist international lawyers, that humanitarian intervention does not fall under these criteria, making it legally justifiable under the U.N. Charter (e.g. Damrosch 1991:219 in Baylis and Smith 2001: 481). However, this viewpoint lacks credibility, as it is far from the general international consensus, and unlikely the initial intentions of the draftsmen of the charter. In more recent times, one can examine the emerging doctrine of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’(RtoP), which was adopted unanimously by the UN in 2005, as a far more persuasive example of modern legitimacy of humanitarian intervention. While not consolidated within international law, RtoP, which promotes humanitarian intervention where sovereign states fail in their own responsibility to protect their citizens, does use legal language and functions as a comprehensive international framework to prevent human rights
Chinas political and military mighty revolutions are clearly demonstrated in East China Sea between China and its customary adversaries Korea and Japan. In the Daily Mail, Chinese adjoining countries and the world see China as an intimidator due to it’s persistent over stepping on its obligation. To show its might China has relocated an oil platform into the disputed waters in the Paracel Island off Vietnam. To achieve this China has applied a 10km safety bounda...
Malaysia biggest problem is the environmental pollution. Although people already know how harmful these things are but they still go on. The three main pollution that happen in Malaysia are air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. Mostly pollution effect by the air conditional that release CFC’s gasses, rubbish that been thrown to the rival and open burning. All of this pollution will be link to all kind of diseases, sickness, bacteria and virus. For an example lung cancer that will happen to people cause by breathing the polluted air that been create by Malaysian themselves.