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the political system of china
the political system of china
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China is the world’s second largest economic power, one of five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and the only communist party-led state in the G-20 grouping of major economies. China’s communist party dominates state and society in China and is committed to maintaining a permanent monopoly on power, and is intolerant of those who question its right to rule. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP or Party) has been in power in China for 63 years, dating back to 1949 by means of a civil war victory over the forces of Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalists. The Party’s 82.6 million members constitute approximately 6% of China’s population of 1.34 billion. Any Chinese citizen over the age of 18 who is willing to accept and abide by the Party’s constitution and polices, which include a requirement that Party members be atheists, can apply for Party membership. The Party is heavily male, with female members making up less than a quarter of the total. Party members are considered prestigious, although not to the degree that it was in earlier eras (Lawrence& Martin, 2013). The cou...
The political and economic events caused by foreign imperialism in China led to drastic political, economic and social changes in the Qing Dynasty. Foreign imperialism during the 1800s caused internal struggles within the country and international struggles like the Opium Wars, which resulted in changes that deeply impacted Qing China.
Osborne, Evan. "China's First Liberal." Independent Review 16.4 (2012): 533+. Academic OneFile. Web. 4 Apr. 2014.
The Communist Party of China (CCP), in power since 1950, is not famous for its tolerance of those who do not agree with its ideology and opinion. People must adhere to the Party’s legislation, and face consequences (the severity of which is debated) if they resist or rebel. One way the CCP controls members is through religion. Although the government encourages almost cult-like devotion to the Party, it allows its constituents to participate in certain major international religions. One religion that is illegal to participate in under Chinese law is the spiritual practice of Falun Gong. A new movement, the Falun Gong grew quickly in China and globally, and was officially banned in 1999. The CCP claims the Falun Gong is evil, and should be destroyed humanely to save China. However, the Falun Gong is peaceful, and the Chinese government is the institution that tortures, jails, and abuses its citizens if they are practitioners of the religion. The international response calls for the halting of these immoral actions, but China still claims that it is destroying an evil institution. The simple fact China denies its members freedom of religion violates the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which China has signed, but the violence against its people if they adhere to Falun Gong beliefs is a gross abuse of its power. Although China bans many religions, there is special emphasis on the Falun Gong, and many wonder why. One highly possible reason is that the growth, international reach, and popularity of the Falun Gong threatens the universal power the CCP holds in China, weakening the government, and therefore leading to the destruction of the threat: the Falun Gong.
Emperor Hong Wu was born Zhu Yuan hang to poor peasant parents in 1328 in China. His parents, being peasant farmers, did not have much to offer young Zhu not even a decent formal education. To compound his challenges, Zhu was orphaned by the age of fourteen years as documented by the New World Encyclopedia (2014). Consequently, Zhu found himself living at the mercy of a Buddhist monastery sometimes having to beg for basics such as food. This however did not deter him from pushing on in life. Soon after, the monastery, which acted as his home, was raised down in flames during a rebellion war between the ‘Red Turbans’, a Buddhist rebel group, and the
Who would’ve thought one of the most dangerous Communist leaders of all times would be born into a wealthy (as a result of a family farm) Confucian schooled family? Mao Zedong’s unlikely circumstances claim the epitome of irony. Growing up resentful of his environment, the fearlessly bloodthirsty former Chairman of China made many permanent (as of yet) changes to Chinese society and morals. Though Confucianism officially ended in China in 1905, Mao Zedong’s years as chairman blended the Chinese society into a Communist one.
Everyday people in China are suffering from their government. From being wrongly accused to being executed for petty crimes. In a country where you cannot speak your opinions, talk poorly about government officials, speak about Chinese communist failures, or even browse the internet freely. China has kept its citizens in the void. One example is the great firewall of china, which sensors most social media and other sites. This essay will go into some individual stories of the Chinese government's unfair social injustices towards its people.
Conflict resolution in Chinese societies is mainly based on Confucianism. The overriding principle of society is that the superior in a group is to be respected. When a conflict arises, Chinese will consider the nature of their relationship. Within a family structure, the superior should be obeyed, so a subordinating family member may have to be willing to sacrifice their own comfort or desire in order to maintain peace (Hwang, 1998). Sometimes a subordinating family member will simply change or forsake their original goal. In Chinese culture it is important for society to believe all is well in a family even if it is not (Hwang, 1998).
Reading: Monday Describe how the classical societies of Han China, Bactria (part of the Persian Empire), India, Central Asia, Egypt and the Mediterranean basin all engaged in trade with each other along the Silk Roads. Be sure to note how the organization aided the long-distance trade. The classical societies all engaged in trade via the Silk Road. The Silk Road was an ancient system of trade routes that connected the West and East by merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, and nomads from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea. The Silk Road derives its name from the trade of Chinese silk during the Han dynasty.
A communist government is one that feeds on being the one and only power. Believing that it was competing with a powerful and ever-growing religion, the government felt threatened. They feared that the number of Falun Gong practitioners would eventually exceed the number of Party members, and once that hap...
Confucianism and democracy are two very complex concepts and the relation between them is a subject many scholars have discussed. In this essay, it will be shown what kind of relationship is more appropriate between these two ideas. It will be divided in two parts: the first part will take a look at the compatibility question of Confucianism and democracy and I will attempt to show how these two ideas are not contradictory and how Confucianism actually helps strengthen the concept of democracy. In the second part, I will discuss how such a relationship can work in practice by addressing the different institutional proposals of a democracy with Confucian characteristics to try and figure out which proposal is the most appropriate and why.
Whyte, M. K., (2010) ‘Do Chinese citizens want the government to do more to promote equality?’ In Gries, P. H., and Rosen, S., eds. 2010. Chinese Politics - State, society and the market. (Routledge, London and New York).
The Tang Dynasty (618 -907 A.D), also known as China’s glorious revelation, was a time of major change both politically and economically in the Chinese Empire. During this time period, trade became greater than ever. The military power strengthened. The population also increased during this time period from fifty million to eighty million in just two centuries with its large population base, the dynasty was able to raise professional and conscripted armies of hundreds of thousands of troops to contend with nomadic powers in dominating Inter Asia. The Tang also has a strong influence on its neighboring states such as Korea (which was at the time made if of three kingdoms) and Japan. During this time period the Silk Road expanded and trade
The declaration of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949 by the Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong signified a revolution in China that brought an end to the costliest civil war in Chinese history between the Nationalist Party or Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that had lasted a period of 22 years from 1927 to 1949. The Chinese revolution of 1949 signified the beginning of an era of Communist Chinese rule ushered in by the popular Chinese Communist Party at the expense of the Nationalist Party. According to historian Michael Lestz, the Communist victory was an inevitability that was aided by the actions of the preceding Nationalist government (Lestz, 2010). Lestz states that the weakness and administration ineptitude displayed by the Nationalist Party in economic, military and civil affairs created an environment that was conducive for the Communist Party to prosper. Author John King elaborates that the Nationalist party did more to lose the peasants’ support than the Communist party did to gain the peasants’ favor (King, 2006). Therefore, this paper will focus on the failures of the Nationalist Party in the Civil War and World War II coupled with the consequences. It will compound the various issues that harbored the Nationalist Party such as corruption and the failure of the government to accommodate or abate Communist dissent. The paper will also cover the failed efforts by Nationalist Party to integrate Western policies into China.
It can also be argued that the political activities of Chairman Mao’s Communist China were more of a continuation of traditional Imperial China, based heavily in Confucian values, than a new type of Marxist-Leninist China, based on the Soviet Union as an archetype. While it is unquestionable that a Marxist-Leninist political structure was present in China during this time, Confucian values remained to be reinforced through rituals and were a fundamental part of the Chinese Communist ...
The spread of Communism and its ideals significantly increased during the final stages of the Chinese Civil War which intensified after the Second World War and resulted in a victory to the Communists in October 1949. At this time, the majority of the provinces in China were led by either the GMD or the CCP. However, the civilians in the GMD-ruled cities were suffering rapid inflation, strikes, violence and riots which led to a collapse of public order. Adding to this instability, corruption was rife within the Nationalist party’s lead...