The increasing in the world’s population nowadays has lead to the increase in the demand for food. It is being a priority for the crops and food industries to find a solution to this matter in order to produce high amount of food and provide good quality food for the consumers. This is where the technology of plant tissue culture steps in. As Lineberger (n.d) mentions, plant tissue culture can contributes to the agriculture industry in the future and give advantageous to the growers because the mass production of plant and crops can be produced in a short period of time using the tissue collected from single parent plant. He also include that the plant can be maintained and monitored in the regulated environment like greenhouse so that the reduction in crops production cause by the seasonal change can be avoided. Plant tissue culture is referring to the “aseptic culture of cells, tissue, organs, and their components under defined physical and chemical conditions in vitro” (Thorpe, 2006, p.9). According to Odutayo, Amusa, Okutade and Ogunsanwo (2007), single pieces of plant from the stem tip, node, meristem, embryo and seed can be used for the multiplication of plant and induces in the sterile medium for its growth. As elaborated by Reed (n.d), there are three important steps involved in plant tissue culture namely preparation of explant, multiplication and transplanting (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
The first step is preparation of explant. Explant is the process to transfer the piece of tissue taken from the mother plant and place them in a tissue culture medium (Reed, n.d.). Hussey (1986) reported that “tissues such as shoot or meristem-tips normally have an adequate covering of leaves or scales to prot...
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Purohit, S. D. (2013). Introduction to plant cell, tissue and organ culture. Delhi, India: PHI Learning Private Limited.
Reed, D. W. (n.d). Cloning plants: Tissue culture. Retrieved from http://hort201.tamu.edu/YouthAdventureProgram/TisueCulture/TissueCulture.html.
Sadhu, M. K. (1989). Plant propagation. New Delhi, India: New Age International Publisher.
Smith, R. H. (2013). Plant tissue culture: Technique and experiments (3rd ed.). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
Street, H. E. (1973). Laboratory organization. In H. E. Street (Ed.), Plant tissue and cell culture (pp. 11-30). Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
Takahashi, N. (1986). Chemistry of plant hormones. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Thorpe, T. R. (2006). History of plant tissue culture. In V. M. Loyola-Vargas & F. Vazquez-Flota (Eds.), Plant cell culture protocols (p.9). Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.
In Gregor Mendel’s first experiment, he used pea plants to observe plant hybridization. Mendel chose pea plants due to four main factors: he knew that he would be able to expect segregation of traits among the offspring of the plants, there
Modern biotechnology was born at the hands of American scientists Herb Boyer and Stain Cohen, when they developed “recombinant deoxyribonucleotide, (rDNA), [1] for medicinal purposes. Subsequently, biotechnologists started genetically engineering agricultural plants using this technology. A single gene responsible for a certain trait, from one organism (usually a bacterium) is selected altered and then ‘spliced” into the DNA of a plant to create an agricultural crop consisting of that...
Plasmolysis However when the plant cell is placed in a more concentrated solution the water inside the cell passes out the cell. The cytoplasm... ... middle of paper ... ...
Materials used in the experiment included 5-7 g of the potato tissue, 50ml of 2.0M phosphate buffer coffee filter and guaiacol dye.
This experiment was performed to test two hypotheses concerning the plant hormone gibberellic acid and a mutant rosette shaped phenotype of the plant Brassica rapa. This experiment was done in order to test the effects o gibberellic acid on plants and its effect on rosette shaped complexes. The two hypotheses in this experiment are as follows: Hypothesis number one states that Gibberellic acid allows for stem elongation in plants. Hypothesis number two. The rosette complex in the rosette phenotype plant contains less gibberellic acid naturally and therefore grows shorter.
Janick. J. (2011). Center for New Crops & Plant Products - Department of Horticulture and
Prepare casts of the leaves surfaces by painting the adaxial (top surface) of one leaf and the abaxial (bottom surface) of the other leaf with clear nail polish. Allow the nail polish to dry for approximately 10 minutes. While the nail polish is drying, label microscope slides as either adaxial (top of the leaf) or abaxial (bottom of the leaf). Cut a piece of sellotape approximately 1.5 cm in length. Fold the tape over on itself leaving 0.5 cm of sticky surface exposed.
Activities: Classroom Activities in Plant Biotechnology. The American Phytopathological Society, n.d. Web. 5 April, 2014.
The “Fast Plant” experiment is an observation of a plants growth over the span of twenty-eight days. The objective is to observe how plants grow and use their resources throughout the span of their life. In our lab we observed the Brassica rapa, a herbaceous plant in the mustard family which has a short cycle which makes it a perfect plant to observe in this experiment. Like other plants the Brassica rapa must use the resources in the environment to create energy to complete itʻs life cycle and reproduce. By observing the plant it is easy to see in what organ or function the plant is using itʻs energy and resources and if overtime the resources switch to other part of the plants. By conducting this experiment we are able to observe where and how plants allocate their resources throughout their life by harvesting plants at different points in their life.
...ince, there is a need to use for advanced novel methods of culturing plant to furnish new means for quickly propagating,conserving of endangered species and also introducing exotic plants. The production of high quality planting material of exotic nature propagated from vegetative parts through tissue culture has created new opportunities in global trading. The exotic plants are advantageous for farmers;growers; nursery owners & rural employment. As exotic plants are restricted to their natural environment; the main benefit of tissue culture technology lies on production of high quality & uniform planting material that can be multiplied on a year round basis. The plant selected for such purpose is Stevia rabuadiana Bertoni. Objectives of study:
own roots (not just the plant kind), this meant they needed a structure that was different than
In the lab exercise regarding plant structure and function, we examined slides containing the different kinds of roots (monocot, dicot). We labeled the parts and pointed out the different roles of each in the plant structure. Also, we examined monocot stems and dicot stems in order to familiarize ourselves with its external and internal structures. We sketched and labeled the parts of the stem and looked closely at the positions of each part. In the last part of the lab, we classified leaves into different kinds according to their leaf venation, bases of leaves, and apices of leaves. As an additional exercise, we sketched 20 animals and classified them according to phylum and class. We were also able to discover the scientific and common names of the animals. Overall, the exercises we did enabled us to familiarize ourselves with plant structure thus, gaining a better understanding for plant life and its importance.
An Experiment to Investigate Osmosis in Plant Tissue. Aim: To conduct an investigation to compare the osmotic behavior of the osmotic animal. two types of plant tissue in varying concentrations of sucrose. solution. Then we can find the solution.
Plants are grown under controlled and sterile conditions which reduce the risk of being exposed to pests, pathogens and diseases.
African Violets, just like any other plants, have many ways that they can be propagated. They can be propagated through leaf cuttings, or by tissue culture. Leaf cuttings are a very easy...