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Research literature on nurse retention
Literature review nurse retention
Literature review on nurse retention
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With the ongoing changes in the healthcare field, nursing workforce retention presents itself as one of the greatest challenges facing healthcare systems today. According to the American Nursing Association, nursing turnover is a multi-faceted issue which impacts the financial stability of the facility, the quality of patient care and has a direct affect on the other members of the nursing staff (ANA, 2014). The cost to replace a nurse in a healthcare facility ranges between $62,100 to $67,100 (ANA, 2014). The rising problem with nursing retention will intensify the nursing shortage, which has been projected to affect the entire nation, not just isolated areas of the country, gradually increasing in its scope from 2009 to 2030 (Rosseter, 2014). The nursing shortage is directly related to the increased rate of the population growth, the decrease in enrollment of new nursing students, the aging population as well as the problem of nursing retention (STTI, 2014). In order to determine interventions that are necessary to retain the nursing workforce, evidence-based research must be reviewed to understand strategies needed to alleviate this problem. The literature reviewed shows a direct relationship between nursing retention and the satisfaction of the nurses with the environment in which they work. The healthcare environment, as seen from a nurse’s perspective, is affected by many factors such as the autonomy of the nurses, the support from leadership, the opportunities for professional development and the quality of the relationships between the nurses and other disciplines. These factors should be analyzed and then interventions should be undertaken to improve these aspects of the nursing environment and minimize items that le... ... middle of paper ... ..., M. (2001). Factors influencing satisfaction and anticipated turnover for nurses in an academic medical center (abstract). Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11324334 Sigma Theta Tau International (2014). Facts on the nursing shortage. Retrieved from http://www.nursingsociety.org/Media/Pages/shortage.aspx Twiggs, D., & McCullough, K. (2014). Nurse retention: A review of strategies to create and enhance positive practice environments in clinical settings. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(1), 85-92. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.05.015 Van den Heede, K.V., Florquin, M., Bruyneel, L., Aiken, L., Diya, L., Lesaffre, E., & Sermeus, W. (2013). Effective strategies for nurse retention in acute hospitals: A mixed method study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 50(2), 185-194. doi: 10.1016/j.inurstu.2011.12.001
Stevens, S. (2002, September-October). Nursing workforce retention: Challenging a bullying culture. Health Affairs, 21 (5), 189–193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.21.5.189
Today’s nursing workforce is multigenerational. They differ in behaviors, attitudes and expectations. Generational differences affect nurse-patient ratios and reflect in job satisfaction, retention, and patient outcomes (Wieck, Dols & Northam, 2009). Every nurse wants to work for a company with high job satisfaction and retention numbers. Stress, patient safety, and low performance related to high patient-nurse ratios are the most commonly expressed reasons why nurses may leave their jobs. According to Wieck, et al.(2009), nurses born between 1922 and 1945 are the veterans. They have respect for authority and are reliable employees. They believe that current nursing models encourages a team approach. They believe that nurse-patient ratios are much better than what they are used to be in the past. They are more concerned about age-related issues and recognition for their contributions at work (Wieck, et al.,
Koeman, M., Van Der Ven, A. J., Hak, E., Joore, H. C., Kaasjager, K., De Smet, A. G., . .
Nurse workplace environments have only really been studied during the last decade. There is growing research in this area especially due to the nursing shortage. International consensus is if you identify opportunities to improve working conditions for nurses, you will have a higher probability of maintaining staff (4). The success rate of retaining
The nursing leadership problem is there are not enough bachelor prepared nurses to staff hospitals nationwide, because Magnet hospitals have a goal to have 80% of nurses in the hospitals to have a four year Bachelor of Science in nursing degree by the year 2020 (Sarver, Cichra, & Kline, 2015). This problem of the shortage of nurses stems from the baby boomers retiring and needing more medical care. So to offset the need for nurses, more two year programs for nurses have begun around the area to increase the nurse population to accommodate the baby boomers. The problem is leading to the nurses who are working short staffed becoming dissatisfied with their job and jumping around from hospital to hospital causing high turnover rates
The nursing workforce is particularly challenged when it comes to retaining high quality nurses in the profession. This issue is relevant to new and seasoned nurses alike. There are senior nurses experiencing burnout intending to leave the workforce before retirement age and new nurses leaving the profession prematurely, creating too much nurse turnover. When turnover takes place unexpectedly and prior to retirement, the collective effect is financially and socially detrimental to the nursing profession and healthcare institutions. High nurse turnover can influence a healthcare organization’s ability to provide quality patient care and accomplish the best possible patient outcomes (Hayes et al., 2006). Investigating the sources of high nurse turnover rates and the negative impact on healthcare will bring greater understanding to this nursing workforce issue.
However, upon securing a job, they find that things on the ground are not as they had expected them to be and this results in some of them deciding to leave the profession early. Research shows that turnovers within the nursing fraternity target person below the age of 30 (Erickson & Grove, 2011). The high turnover within the nursing fraternity results in a massive nurse shortage. This means that the nurses who decide to stay have to work for many hours resulting in exhaustion. A significant percent of nurses quitting their job sites exhaustion and discouragement as the reason that contributed to their decision. In one of the studies conducted on the issue of nurse turnover, 50% of the nurses leaving the profession argued that they felt saddened and discouraged by what they were unable to do for their patients (Erickson & Grove, 2011). When a nurse witness his/her patients suffering but cannot do anything because of the prevailing conditions he/she feels as if he/she is not realizing the reason that prompted him/her to join the nursing profession. The higher rate of nursing turnover is also affecting the quality of care nurses provide to
In addition to concerns about the adequacy of the supply of nurses the financial impact of high turnover was startling. According to Jones (2005) Using the updated Nursing Turnover Cost Calculation Methodology, the per RN true cost of nurse turnover is calculated to be 1.2–1.3 times the RN annual salary. That estimate is derived from a retrospective, descriptive study of external RN turnover cost data at an acute care hospital with over 600 beds. The findings indicate that the three highest cost categories were vacancy, orientation and training and newly hired RN productivity. (as cited in Kooker & Kamikawa, C. 2011). For example, At the Queen’s Medical Center, the annual salary of an experienced RN is currently $91,520. Therefore, using the
The prolonged shortage of skilled nursing personnel has been a serious concern to the healthcare industry, and this shortage has impacted the quality of care delivery. In addition, nursing turnover has also exacerbated the problem of nursing shortage. Nursing shortage has been blamed on many nurses retiring and less younger nurses joining the occupation. There is also an increase in life expectancy (baby boomers) leading an increase in both physical and mental ailment with subsequent demand in nursing care. Nurses are also leaving nursing profession because of inadequate staffing, tense work environment, negative press about the profession, and inflexible work schedules. Even though nursing is a promising career and offers job security, the
Recent literature reports that there is a nursing shortage and it is continually increasing. Data released by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (2011) projects that the shortage, would increase to 260,000 by the year 2025. AACN (2011) also reported that 13% of newly registered nurses changed jobs and 37% were ready to change within a year. A study conducted reports that there is a correlation between higher nursing workloads and nurse burnout, retention rates, job dissatisfaction and adverse patient outcomes (Vahey & Aiken, 2004). Among the nurses surveyed in the study, over 40% stated that they were suffering from burnout while 1 in 5 nurses intended
...parture from the nursing profession or retirement from the line of work. Several key elements have been established throughout the research that lead to theses nurses feeling the need to retire and include: burnout, physical demands, mental health, linkage to the organization, hours worked, organizational culture, work intensity, and fiscal requirements. Organizations are beginning to establish evidence-based strategies in an effort to retain older registered nurses. Human resources are beginning to formulate policies and procedures to meet the needs of these aging nurses, which focus on their safety, stress levels, preferred work setting, schedule, and job satisfaction. The ability to delay retirement of these nurses or creating career paths that help facilitate a transition to a different work setting could help ease the shortage of nurses in the next decade.
According to Breau and RÉAume (2014), some of the major reasons nurses are dissatisfied with their jobs is due to their salaries, work environment, and lack of educational and advancement opportunities. In fact, poor working conditions was a substantial predictor of a nurse’s intent to quit their job (p. 16). In addition, “unhealthy work environments are an important determinant of several work-related outcomes, including burnout, job dissatisfaction and turnover intent” (Breau & RÉAume, 2014, p. 17). Therefore, in order for nurses to overcome their dissatisfaction with work; nurse leaders need to create empowering environments that remove barriers to resources and information. In turn, nurses will then be able to share empowerment strategies,
Nurse turnover is the periodic problem in all health care organizations which intimidates the quality of care and the safety of patients( Johns& Gates, 2007). The main reason for nurse turnover is increased demand and high work load which creates lots of anxiety, fatigue, physical and mental distress among nurses. At the same time, many health care organizations don’t focus on the job satisfaction of their employees, such as, lack of rewards, incentives, motivation, inspiration and other recreational activity increases the burnout syndrome among nurses. If the relationship among nurses, physicians and other team members is troubled, the chances of nurse turnover is high because people like to work in friendly and co-operative environment( Punke, 2013). Inadequate staffing and inequitable assignment is also a source of nurse turnover (Punke, 2013).
... three public and two private hospitals. The response rate of this study was 79.6% out of 438. The findings of Mrayyan’s study showed that nurses reported that they were moderately satisfied with their jobs and had a neutral opinion about their retention. Nurses who worked in public hospitals reported lower levels of job satisfaction, and less of them had the intention to stay at their jobs than nurses in private hospitals. Al-Momani (2008) identified improved nurse retention in Jordanian public hospitals. The response rate was 92% out of 120. The conclusion of this study revealed ten key factors that influenced the respondents’ intention to leave their positions: salary, workload, autonomy in decision-making, caring environment, motivation system, job description, nurses’ welfare, growth opportunities, perception of fair leadership, and recognition for work done.
Singh and Loncar utilized information from two hundred registered nurses who are union members to gain insight upon the changes nursing and hospital management should make to reduce turnover among the nursing staff and gain the maximum benefit from their employee investment. Employees who become disproportionally dissatisfied with their employment fail to strive for the best possible output and instead perform to the bare minimum of standards. This may cause failure to meet service standards, leading to customer dissatisfaction.