Duccio di Buoninsegna and his workshop differ from Joos van Cleve in numerous ways. Both artists were influenced by the different works of their time. For instance Duccio lived and worked during the time between Late Medieval art and Pre-Renaissance, which emphasized a change from merely concealing the figures to making them more realistic than previous works of art. Joos van Cleve resided in the Renaissance period, which was later than Duccio by over two hundred years, where the act of making figures more lifelike with an increased amount of depth had been perfected. These differences and similarities can be most clearly seen with Duccio's Triptych: the Crucifixion; the Redeemer with Angels; Saint Nicholas; Saint Gregory and Joos' The Crucifixion.
Duccio di Buoninsegna and his workshop produced this piece in the time period of Late Medieval and Pre-Renaissance, which provided the piece with a mixture of different styles. The main subject of this piece revolves around the storyline of Christ's death and resurrection. Angels surround Christ in a circular formation when he lies on the cross, and when he has risen two angels flank him in the pinnacle. Meanwhile, two larger groups of mourners are firmly connected to the slight hill that holds the cross. At the base of the cross, a dead body appears to rise from the death as well, seemly from the blood of Christ as he is attached to the cross (Figure 1). This could represent how all souls will rise, because Christ gave his body and blood for all people. On the two doors of the triptych, Saint Nicholas and Gregory follow the pattern of being symmetrically placed along with the rest of this triptych. While each saint differs in color, they both hold up their right hand...
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...ifelike and realistic. This can be seen with Joos' painting in the way the figures have shadows and are arranged with perspective, compared to Duccio's where there is only a foreground, and the figures are rigidly attached to the ground. However, both works of art are similar in subject matter, and a viewer can clearly see how Duccio influenced Joos with the continuation of painting the bones at the foot of the cross. Both paintings came from different eras, but they each have similarities and differences.
Works Cited
Boston Museum of Fine Arts. Museum label for Joos van Cleve, The Crucifixion. Boston, 1 February 2014.
"Figure 1-5." Triptych: the Crucifixion; the Redeemer with Angels; Saint Nicholas; Saint Gregory. (1311-1318 CE.). Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA.
"Figure 6-8." The Crucifixion. (1525 CE.). Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA.
Another example of Christian iconography is The Transfiguration. It is located in the Church of Saint Catherine’s monaster...
Considering its age of over eight hundred years old, the Christ in Majesty with Symbols of the Four Evangelists remained in remarkable condition. However, pieces of the original apse, which originated in the Catalan chapel in Spain, have faded. Portions, especially along the bottom, have disappeared over time. Even though it was moved to the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, it has not been fully restored. The artist identified each of the apostles in the Christ in Majesty with Symbols of the Four Evangelists, but the writing has grown fainter and this creates difficulty for art historians. Another key factor in the overall story represented has faded, which is one of the lamps or incense holders beneath Christ.
He also illustrates principles of design. If you were to place a vertical line on the picture plane the two sides would balance each other out. The painting can also be divided half horizontally by the implied divisional line above the horses head and the sword of the man who St. Dominic has brought back to life. Contour horizontal lines that give the expression that the dead man on the ground is sliding out of the picture plane, and dominate the bottom of the painting. On the top of the picture plane, behind the spectators is the brightest intermediate color, which is red orange that gives the impression of a sunrise.
Wright, H. David. The Vatican Vergil: a Masterpiece of Late Antique Art. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. Print.
Annunciation (Paolo Caliari) and The Raising of Lazarus (Joachim Wtewael) are oil on canvas paintings located in the Blanton Museum of Art. Annunciation is set on a balcony during sunset; the archangel Gabriel appears to be ascending from heaven and a woman seems to be falling in awe of the sight. The Raising of Lazarus depicts about fourteen people in a scene where everyone is looking at a different person, but no eye contact is taking place. The people are in the foreground, and a city can be seen in the background. Although these works of art were created during a similar time period and share a few similarities, these paintings also contrast in a number of ways when viewed closely.
By most accounts, the year 1500 was in the midst of the height of the Italian Renaissance. In that year, Flemmish artist Jean Hey, known as the “Master of Moulins,” painted “The Annunciation” to adorn a section of an alter piece for his royal French patrons. The painting tells the story of the angel Gabriel’s visit to the Virgin Mary to deliver the news that she will give birth to the son of God. As the story goes, Mary, an unwed woman, was initially terrified about the prospects of pregnancy, but eventually accepts her fate as God’s servant. “The Annunciation” is an oil painting on a modest canvas, three feet tall and half as wide. The setting of the painting is a study, Mary sitting at a desk in the bottom right hand corner reading, and the angel Gabriel behind her holding a golden scepter, perhaps floating and slightly off the canvas’s center to the left. Both figures are making distinct hand gestures, and a single white dove, in a glowing sphere of gold, floats directly above Mary’s head. The rest of the study is artistic but uncluttered: a tiled floor, a bed with red sheets, and Italian-style architecture. “The Annunciation” was painted at a momentous time, at what is now considered the end of the Early Renaissance (the majority of the 15th Century) and the beginning of the High Renaissance (roughly, 1495 – 1520). Because of its appropriate placement in the Renaissance’s timeline and its distinctly High Renaissance characteristics, Jean Hey’s “Annunciation” represents the culmination of the transition from the trial-and-error process of the Early Renaissance, to the technical perfection that embodied the High Renaissance. Specifically, “Annunciation” demonstrates technical advancements in the portrayal of the huma...
The artists of the Baroque had a remarkably different style than artists of the Renaissance due to their different approach to form, space, and composition. This extreme differentiation in style resulted in a very different treatment of narrative. Perhaps this drastic stylistic difference between the Renaissance and Baroque in their treatment of form, space, and composition and how these characteristics effect the narrative of a painting cannot be seen more than in comparing Perugino’s Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter from the Early Renaissance to Caravaggio’s Conversion of St. Paul from the Baroque.Perugino was one of the greatest masters of the Early Renaissance whose style ischaracterized by the Renaissance ideals of purity, simplicity, and exceptional symmetry of composition. His approach to form in Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St.Peter was very linear. He outlined all the figures with a black line giving them a sense of stability, permanence, and power in their environment, but restricting the figures’ sense of movement. In fact, the figures seem to not move at all, but rather are merely locked at a specific moment in time by their rigid outline. Perugino’s approach to the figures’themselves is extremely humanistic and classical. He shines light on the figures in a clear, even way, keeping with the rational and uncluttered meaning of the work. His figures are all locked in a contrapposto pose engaging in intellectual conversation with their neighbor, giving a strong sense of classical rationality. The figures are repeated over and over such as this to convey a rational response and to show the viewer clarity. Perugino’s approach to space was also very rational and simple. He organizes space along three simple planes: foreground, middle ground, and background. Christ and Saint Peter occupy the center foreground and solemn choruses of saints and citizens occupy the rest of the foreground. The middle distance is filled with miscellaneous figures, which complement the front group, emphasizing its density and order, by their scattered arrangement. Buildings from the Renaissance and triumphal arches from Roman antiquity occupy the background, reinforcing the overall classical message to the
The Middle Ages, contrary to its name, was a dynamic period of innovations. Throughout this period, visual arts were employed to communicate important messages to the public as well as private wealthy patrons. A variety of mediums were used to disseminate ideas. Though, the sense of decorum shifted, the purpose of these moralizing images of religious figures remained the same. Art was, as it still is an extremely useful and powerful tool for both religious and political advancements. The two pieces to be considered in this paper were created using scenes from the life of Christ. Themes from the old and new testaments were frequently used in art of the Middle Ages to convey important messages to a largely illiterate populous, display the wealth of few individuals, and create feelings of patriotism and support for the Monarch by relating them to divinity. Both pieces are from different mediums and likely different forms of patronage. To be analyzed in this paper is an illuminated manuscript page (fig 1) and an ivory diptych (fig 2). There are several similarities, as well as differences throughout the works. I will describe each piece then continue to compare and contrast them, this will work to facilitate a greater understanding of the Middle Ages through works of art.
“Diptych of Maarten can Nieuwenhove” was designed and developed in 1487 by Hans Memling. This portrait is one of the very best intact diptychs witnessed in Northern Europe during 15th century. Han’s work brought a new concept in the devotional diptych. Unlike the portraits that existed before 15th century, the Han’s shows the figures in a spatially coherent space. The figures can therefore be seen clearly (Pearson, 2005).
“The Met’s very own Mona Lisa” (Tomkins 9). That is what Duccio di Buoninsegna’s Madonna and Child painting is known as today. “The Metropolitan Museum of Art bought the Madonna and Child for forty-five to fifty million dollars” (Tomkins 1). However, the painting was not always in public hands; in fact, the Met purchased the last known work of Duccio in private hands. Originally, the painting was held in the private hands of Adolphe Stoclet and his wife. When the couple died, their house and their collection went to their son, Jacques who held onto the painting, and passed it down to his daughters who lent it to an exhibition in Siena of Duccio and his school. The painting was eventually withdrawn from the exhibition and sold (Tomkins 2). Madonna and Child painting dated 1300 and was painted by Duccio di Buoninsegna a Sienese painter, who is considered the founder of modern Italian painting. I chose to research this painting because the subject matter of religious imagery and symbols interests me. Also because when I looked at the painting the emotion on the Madonna’s face almost jumped out at me. It is as if, she is looking at her newborn child with this deep sadness, which almost makes you think that the painting is foreshadowing the death of Jesus Christ. In addition, the burns of the side of the frame peaked my interest, as to why they were there. Art critics were also interested in this work they even consider Madonna and Child one of Duccio’s perfect works, and it said to be worth all the other paintings exhibited under the name of Duccio (Christiansen 14). The Madonna and Child painting’s iconography, imagery, emotional appeal to the viewers, and meaning all make this painting still a great work of art today.
One of the very first well-known portrayals of this narrative was by Giotto di Bondone. From around 1304, it is an Early Renaissance painting. Jesus is lying down, cradled by the Virgin Mary, and Mary Magdalene is cares...
Martin Schongauer. The Temptation of St. Anthony. c. 1480-90. Engraving. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.
The best source of information about crucifixions comes from the four Gospels. But another valuable source of information about the practice of crucifixion is ancient Greek and Roman literature. The Greeks and Romans did not write about crucifixion a lot but, they wrote about it often enough to give important information about this method of execution.
Both Jan van Eyck and Fra Angelico were revered artists for the advances in art that they created and displayed for the world to see. Their renditions of the Annunciation were both very different, however unique and perfect display of the typical styles used during the Renaissance. Jan van Eyck’s panel painting Annunciation held all the characteristics of the Northern Renaissance with its overwhelming symbolism and detail. Fra Angelico’s fresco Annunciation grasped the key elements used in the Italian Renaissance with usage of perspective as well as displaying the interest and knowledge of the classical arts.
Master of the Virgin inter Virgines. The Entombment of Christ. 1490. St. Louis Art Museum