It Usage In Banking Industry

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1. The Usage of IT in The Banking Industry

Information technology has dramatically changed the way banking is done over the last 15 years or so. The era of change banking in Canada began from the establishment of Interac's national Automated Teller Machine (ATM) network in 1986. National Debit Card network was introduced in 1994. First full service virtual bank came into being in 1997. Most recently voice recognition banking has begun to emerge in the Canadian business scene. One of the enabler of this Information technology revolution in Canadian financial service industry is Automated Teller Machine, which is essentially a date terminal with two input and four output devices. The two input devices are Keypad and card reader. The four output devices are speakers, display screen, receipt printer, and cash dispenser.

The user inserts the card in the card reader and key in the PIN number via the keypad. The receipt printer prints the receipt and the cash dispenser ejects the cash out. All the operations are displayed on the screen along with the instructions to carry out the necessary steps. Like any other data terminal ATM has to connect and communicate through a host processor, which acts as a gateway. ATMs are connected to the host processor via leased telephone lines or dial up connections. Leased telephone lines have higher date rate transfer and are preferred at high transaction volume places. Banks themselves or independent service providers may be the owners of the host processors.

Security is the biggest issue of the transactions done electronically. According to the TIMES magazine issue dated March 7, 2005 there were 10 million people were affected by identity theft in US in 2005 with a total loss of US$ 5 Billion. ATM technology is turning to Biometrics to reduce the probability of the identity theft. The word 'biometric' means to measure life and to recognize an individual biometrics employs a biological trait unique to that person. The traits can be finger prints, iris patterns, retinal scans. For a biometric system to work first of all the individuals have to provide the samples of the unique trait such as finger prints to the organization planning to run the system.

This voluntary deposit of the samples can be a hurdle in the setting up of the system because some individuals may not like the idea of handing over their finger prints to some organization. Once the samples of the unique character are collected, they are arranged in a data base.

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