Islamic finance industry in Malaysia has been in existences more than 30 years. The enactment of the Islamic Banking Act 1983 enabled the country’s first Islamic Bank to be established. Malaysia’s long track record of building a successful domestic Islamic financial industry of over 30 years gives the country a solid financial that adds to the richness, diversity and maturity of the financial system. (RosniaMasruki, 2010).
Before the advent of Islamic banks, financial market had been monopoly by conventional banks. However, in recent years Malaysian Islamic banks have to operate in an increasingly competitive environment. Alongside the conventional banking system, the Islamic banking system has steadily evolved to become a major player on the Malaysian financial landscape. The establishment of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) in 1983 really marks the beginning of a new era in Islamic banking in Malaysia. The Islamic banking system received a further boost when a scheme where conventional banks can open windows for Islamic banking products that called Interest-free banking system. (Mariani Abdul Majid, 2003).
However, the world has known several financial crises over the course of history, particularly in the 20th century, since the Great Depression of 1930s followed by the oil price boom in the 70s. Apart from these major crises, smaller breakdowns occurred in economy, which is normal, considering the cyclical nature of the economic system in economic production, inflation rate, the level of GDP, trade, and other factors. Yet it does not occur in each cycle, or downturn, that so many factors coexist in one time that shakes the global economic system as much as it happened in the latest crisis starting in 2007-2008. (Renata JankaT...
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From the development of Islamic banks in Malaysia, it is imperative for Islamic banks to play their role effectively and efficiently to contribute to the overall stability of the financial system, and the growth and development of the economy as well as less effective during global financial crisis. The issues that arise are whether the Islamic banks are able to survive in the Malaysian economy, and the performance and stability of Islamic banks in Malaysia during financial crisis question remains. Although consideration is given in the volatile financial environment, would Islamic banks in Malaysia be able to withstand financial crisis.
These raise the need to undertake this research to examine this performance and stability issues. There are many reasons why Islamic banks can survive during the financial crisis in terms of performance and stability.
The financial crisis of 2007–2008 is considered by many economists the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. This crisis resulted in the threat of total collapse of large financial institutions, the bailout of banks by national governments, and downturns in stock markets around the world. The crisis led to a series of events including: the 2008–2012 global recessions and the European sovereign-debt crisis. The reasons of this financial crisis are argued by economists. The performance of the Federal Reserve becomes a focal point in this argument.
Shahrokhi, M. (2011). The global financial crises of 2007-2010 and the future of capitalism. Global Finance Journal, 22, 193-210. doi: 10.1016/j.gfj.2011.10.010.
Financial crises are a constant theme through generations. People can lose all their savings and somehow the richest 1% of the country will stay above the cumulative distributive mean of average earnings. It seems that everyday working middle class people are effected through these catastrophes losing all of their savings and future generations are now forever. Through evaluating the similarities and differences between the Great Depression of the 1930’s and the Great Recession of 2007/2008, we can learn how future financial crises can be avoided.
The modern Islamic Finance industry is young, its timeline begin only a few decades ago. However, islamic finance is involving rapidly and continues to expend to serve a growing population of muslims as well as conventional.
The recent Global Financial Crisis (GFC) initially began with the collapse of credits and financial markets, which caused by the sub-prime mortgage crisis in the US in 2007. The sub-prime mortgages were given to high-risk lenders (with bad credit history) who were in danger of defaulting, which eventually caused a global credit crunch, where the banks were unwilling to lend to each other. In October 2008, the collapse of the major financial institutions and the crash of stock markets marked the peak of this global economic slowdown (Euromonitor International, 2008).
Can anyone imagine what will happen to Malaysia after a few more decades? Debt crisis in Malaysia is getting more severe due to lack of management among individuals. Serious debt crisis might lead to bankruptcy to our country. Nation leaders should lead others away from debt. If this scenario continues, Malaysia might follow the footstep of Greece, Spain, Italy, and Portugal. Debt crisis can be avoided by providing trainings and courses to the employees, improve individual personal finance management and filtering candidates in hiring process.
Historical function of the investment banks in Malaysia. Discuss the function of banks as early as in the 50s-60s and make comparison with the 70s & 80s as well as what is new in the year of millennium.
In 2008, the world experienced a tremendous financial crisis which is rooted from the U.S housing market. Moreover, it is considered by many economists as one of the worst recessions since the Great Depression in 1930s. After bringing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It ruined economies, crumble financial corporations and impoverished individual lives. For example, the financial crisis has resulted in the collapse of massive financial institutions such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Lehman Brothers and AIG. These collapses not only influenced own countries but also international scale. Hence, the intervention of governments by changing and expanding the monetary and fiscal policy or giving bailout is needed in order to eliminate and control enormous effects of the financial crisis.
As the world has recently passed through the global financial crisis that begun in 2008 in the USA with the banks’ collapsing, analysts are giving different opinions and making new economic hypothesizes about the origin of, as well as the process of different countries escaped from the crisis. Among all these new “theories”, the case of Islamic banks is interesting in terms of its nature and consequences. In my essay, I will try to highlight the basic principles of the Islamic finance, the reasons of the restriction of interest, the most important tools used by Islamic banks in economic activities and brief explanation of them, and finally my view point of the probable future improvement of the Islamic financial system.
Financial crises have influenced the os of financial markets in past. The most important the Great Depression in 1929-30, the 1970s inflation failures and the banking difficulties in the 1990s led to problems in the financial markets causing serious disturbance. The recent financial crisis which became known in 2007, though the roots were implanted much earlier, has been the worst situation financial markets have ever faced.
Warwick J. McKibbin, and Andrew Stoeckel. “The Global Financial Crisis: Causes and Consequences.” Lowy Institute for International Policy 2.09 (2009): 1. PDF file.
Financial service sector in Oman has grown leap and bounds over the years. With the emergence of various companies in Oman, especially foreign banks, this sector has done well to cater the needs of the common man. Those who have the power to invest, those who wants to start a new business or purchase any kind of an asset has all benefitted through these kinds of institutions.
Our group have been assinged to discuss on the topic above but in Islamic Banking perspectives. Therefore, before going any further, let us clarify definition of the Principles of Islamic Banking and clarify what are the elements involve in the Principles of Islamic Banking. Beside, we will also do some comparison of product or services offered by both banks which are conventional and Islamic banking. Apart from that, we will also clarify the problems or challenge faced by the agency which practices the Islamic banking in their agency.
The above estimation has left some questions pertaining to fill the gap by attempting to identify and measure factors that determine the profitability performance of commercial banks in Malaysia. What are bank-specific determinants and macroeconomic determinants influence on banks’ profitability in Malaysia compare to other countries? Do capitalized bank is contribute more on bank performance compare to other variables? Did relationships between determinants of banks’ profitability change during the financial crisis? This study therefore, intends to examine the bank specific and macro determinants on banks’ profitability, the impact capital and financial crisis on banks profit. To answer the research questions, the dissertation selected 27 commercial banks in Malaysia including local and foreign banks to fill this gap.
The Islamic market is being very profitable, but the effectiveness of the operations has been relatively limited due to lack of development of the business unit due to the short existence of the moderm history.