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Alternative energy vs fossil fuel
Environmental impacts of the use of fossil fuels
Alternative energy vs fossil fuel
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The purpose of this report is to provide a background briefing to explain how and why iron might be used instead of petrol as a fuel for the combustion engine of cars. The report will also provide an overview of laboratory tests to see if iron may be used as fuel for a car design.
The report will also list the background, hypothesis, method, results, discussion and a conclusion.
BACKGROUND
Fuel is a combustible matter used to maintain fire, as coal, wood, oil, or gas, in order to create heat or energy. The following criteria can be used to help define what a ‘good fuel’ for internal combustion engines is;
• A high level of efficiency
• A high energy output
• Being environmentally friendly
• Able to afford it
• Being renewable
• Easy to access
• No engine damage
• Fast refueling
• Light Weight
Benefits Drawbacks
Relatively concentrated and you can travel many hundred km with one full tank of petrol The supply of petrol is decreasing and we will one day run out of it
It is highly available Because of the high demand and decreasing supply, the price of petrol is increasing.
It is fairly cheap It greatly affects the environment as carbon is produced when petrol is burned.
It is not difficult to make - it just has to be distilled and no waste is produced Petrol can be much better used to create other products like plastics and chemicals
It is easy to carry around Wars and international disputes have formed from petrol
It is fairly safe to store Petrol is bad for the environment as it emits greenhouse gases when used, it is non-renewable and it is very dangerous.
The supply of petrol is decreasing and we will one day run out of it
If we look at the drawbacks we can see that we will eventually run out of hydrocarbons and will require...
... middle of paper ...
...iron has taken over from the idea of burning iron to produce energy. The reaction would happen inside the engine of a car fed with formic acid to allow the generated hydrogen to burn and power the car.
To test if iron may be used as fuel for a car design we used 4 hypotheses which included variables such as iron filings, increased oxygen, increased heat and a combination of all produced little evidence that this would be an efficient way to power an internal combustion engine.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/fuel
http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/chemical%20reactions/combustion.html
http://web.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/v39_1_06/article18.shtml
http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/211_fall2002.web.dir/David_Giessel/basics.html
http://www.environmentalhealthnews.org/ehs/newscience/2011/10/2011-1118-iron-formic-acid-hydrogen
In 2004, crude oil producers around the world expected a 1.5% growth in the world’s demand for crude oil. The actual growth rate was more than double the projections at 3.3%. This growth was due to rapidly industrializing of foreign countries such as, China and India. Therefore the lack of crude oil affected the supply of gasoline to consumers at the pump.
One type of engine is a called a fuel cell. A fuel cell operates like a battery. Unlike a battery, a fuel cell does not run down or require recharging. It will produce energy in the form of electricity and heat as long as fuel is supplied. A fuel cell consists of two electrodes sandwiched around and electrolyte. Oxygen passes over one electrode and hydrogen over the other, generating electricity, water and heat. Hydrogen fuel is used to make all this work. Fuel cell emissions are nothing but water vapor.
Each time we use oil, even if we recycle, there will be a part lost for good. As such, hoping that the free market has the ability to allocate a nonrenewable resource over time efficiently (Stephen F. Williams) does not solve our oil problems now or in the future. A lack of oil, or energy, in a region commonly leads to poverty and fear (Gautier). This dependency on petroleum, or crude oil, could be damaging if the Earth runs out of this resource.
When the problems with gasoline use are considered, the catastrophic environmental effects are the primary concern. Automobile use consumes 70 percent of the United States oil supply and is responsible for one-third of the nation’s carbon emissions (Lovins 173). This results in pollution, global warming, and health problems for the people, plants, and animals. The search for alternative fuel is powered by the increasingly evident environmental problems and long-term health of the planet (Povey 17). Fortunately, reducing emissions globally is predicted to have a positive effect and offset previous harms (Backer).
Cars are a fantastic invention. They make our lives even more carefree by getting us from place to place quickly while eradicating the need for legs altogether. There is no doubt that the benefits of driving from place to place are numerous. However, driving takes a whole lot of fuel, and everyone knows that fuel for cars isn’t the most plentiful (or cheapest!) of resources.
...ls, power and diesel which have gone up compared with the previous year and the inability of manufacturers to pass on these increases to consumers.
Gasoline fueled cars produce a number of pollutants. The most damaging pollutants that come from gasoline fueled cars are particulate matter. Particulate matter is a sequence of organic materials and inorganic substances. It includes ingredients such as lint and minerals. Nitrogen dioxide, produced when fuel is burned at high temperatures, can cause damage to the lungs and cause chest pains. One might ask, “Why are Americans still driving gasoline cars?” knowing the damage that they are subject to cause. I personally maintain that the government should push people to p...
Most road cars run off of gasoline, or pump gas. It is a very effective mixture that does its job well when it comes to internal combustion engines, but it’s not the most potent fuel mixture you can find. You may have heard of a type of racing called “Top Fuel”, it is the fastest type of racing in the world. Where your car may push out around 200 horsepower, the Top Fuel cars can have up to 10,000 horsepower, they can get to over 300 mph in less than 4 seconds. This insane speed is due to their massive engines, and very potent fuel, nitromethane.
Environmental concerns have been raised from time to time because of the dependency on the gasoline-fueled engine as the chief auto powertrain technology. This has resulted in exposing many automobile users to unpredictable prices of fuel. These issues were, however, the reason for the inception of Tesla Motors so as to bring into existence another set of automotive which serves the similar purpose; but uses another form of energy that being electricity to drive them instead of the disadvantageous gasoline-powered engine. This invention was influenced by a number of factors in terms of their planning and performance (Hunger, 2010).
In my undergraduate years, I have acquired a strong background in the fundamentals of basic mechanical engineering, having studied subjects such as Strength of Materials, Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Heat and Mass Transfer, Design of Machine Elements and Automobile Engineering. Whilst pursuing my diploma & degree courses, my interest for Automotive Engineering grew even more having learnt more on the different types of internal combustion engines, their configuration and importance. However, what I lacked was a practical understanding on these core areas of Automotive Engineering. To gain a better understandi...
The invention of internal combustion engines in the early 19th century has led to the discovery of utilisation of cheap energy that is petroleum and this enabled the world to develop and progress into the modern world today. Humans were able to accomplish more work done with little manual labour, using internal combustion engines powered by fossil fuels. Internal combustion engine are mechanical power devices that convert heat energy to mechanical energy with the combustion process taking place in a system boundary (Rolle, 2005). Among the internal combustion engine invented in the 19th century were the Otto engine, Diesel engine and gas turbine engine. Gas turbine engine is one of the popular engines used today due to its high torque per weight ratio relative to other types of internal combustion engines. As explained by Cengel and Boles (2011), the gas turbine engine works on a 6 stages process, namely air intake, compression, fuel injection, combustion, expansion and exhaust (refer to Figure 1 in Appendix 1).
It is unfortunate that within the past 100 years our worlds' economy has driven itself into a deep hole with the reliance on a "black gold" called oil. Since its discovery, it has been purified to produce many different forms of energy such as light, gasoline and more. Since technology has enabled mankind to discover more capable methods of transportation, mankind has exploited its power over nature and produced machines such as the combustion engine. In combustion engine's, oil explodes to move machinery, and emits a very toxic byproduct called CO2. Carbon is incredibly dangerous to the earth's atmosphere, and erodes huge holes in the ozone layer of our earth. This erosion causes global warming and climate change that is permanent and irreversible. The impact of global warming will not only ...
These fuels include coal, oil products such as gasoline, and natural gas. Use of these fuels has a number of harmful health and environmental effects. According to the World Health Organization, outdoor air pollution, most of it from burning fossil fuels, especially coal kills at least 800,000 people each year and causes health problems for tens of millions of others. Technology is available to reduce such air pollution, but using it is costly and results in higher fuel
Our future depends on moving away from fossil fuels and relying more on alternative energy. If something is not changed soon, the world will be met with an epidemic due to the amount of CO2 emissions in the air. “We can't afford to wait any longer to build a clean-energy economy with wind and solar energy that is safe and doesn't threaten our climate future” (Brune). Waiting will only make problems worse for future generations of peoples kids. They will be the ones paying for the destruction that eve...
Fossil fuels are an important part of life. When you turn on the lights, watch TV, or take a shower, the electricity that you are using is being generated by fossil fuels. The three types of fossil fuels are coal, crude oil, and natural gas. They all take millions of years to form, so they are considered to be “non-renewable”- eventually, the fossil fuels will all be used up. One dangerous biological effect of using fossil fuels is ocean acidification. Extracting and transporting fossil fuels can also be very dangerous. Environmentally damaging accidents such as groundwater contamination, land subsidence, and oil spills occur frequently. Global warming is another possible environmental effect. Fossil fuels have a crucial role in modern society, but since they are non-renewable and dangerous, we should reduce our dependence on them and explore alternative energy sources. Wind energy, hydroelectricity, and solar energy are some examples of renewable fuel sources. There are also many things that people can do everyday to save energy (and, in turn, conserve fossil fuels).