Abstract- Due to the traffic accidents over the last few years; the development of surveillance systems with multifunctional techniques has received increasing attention. The use of the smart camera is one solution to solve the traffic problems, Smart cameras are cameras that can perform tasks far beyond simply taking photos and recording videos. Intelligent Traffic Surveillance System (ITSS) is used to monitor the roads in preventing accidents at the same time finding what causes the accidents. This is done by implementing some image vision protocols as that of Gaussian and Canny. This paper will discuss about the camera-video-surveillance capabilities of tracking across different and varied road environments including detection of moving vehicles. The programming method used will be the functional programming of OpenCV which could be operated under both, Windows and Linux OS. This paper will also examine the result of the combination of computer vision programming and the network socket programming under GNU Linux. At the end, this paper will attempt to address a discussion on design issues, challenges and the future directions of this research.
Keywords: Intelligent Traffic Surveillance System ITSS, Smart camera, Image vision, OpenCV, Socket programming, GNU/Linux
1. Introduction
Object recognition and detection is an important element of various computer vision fields. The basic goal is to find an object in static images or video frames. Most of the times, this task can be handled by extracting certain image features, such as edges, color regions, textures, contours, shapes ,etc. Then, some techniques are applied in order to find configurations and combinations of those features of the object that one wants to detect....
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...ystem. The systems have been checked with different processors speed ,2.6 GHz CPU processor, 2,2 GHz CPU processor and 1.2 GHz CPU processor the result is illustrated by table 1; note that the time average count in ms.
6. Conclusion
A traffic surveillance system designed to monitor the safety level of the highway or motorways and it able to be used in any background view also it works in rainy and sunny days even in the night ; vehicle detection algorithm was designed used both Canny and Gaussian protocols. The background real time updated and it useful for doing background subtraction, then the vehicles was accurately detected. A video vehicle detection system was developed under GNU-Linux with C programming using OpenCV function. The result as attach in this paper beyond the expectation as its purpose for traffic surveillance system.
The controversy that is around traffic cameras is a positive point into the safety of streets and the revenue that comes of people that fail to follow safety protocol. Traffic cameras have a characteristic that everyone is aware of, safety. Safety is the most important part, the traffic cameras leave officers free of stop light duties to emphasize more of their focus onto neighborhoods and other parts of a city. Traffic cameras are notorious for saving the lives of many people and reducing accidents, just in 2013, Insurance institute for highway safety has a study that showed a 24 percent decrease in red light accidents in larger cities. Cities have been af...
When cameras were first used in traffic lights it was in the 1960's, then as technology develop they went digital in the 1990's([3]). In today's world traffic light cameras are in use in over 100 communities in 20 states and the District of Columbia([3]). In addition, cameras are used to catch people speeding, which are in used in Britain and other countries other than the United States([3]). The camera's technology is simple with just a sensor that connects to the traffic signal or radar gun([3]). Traffic light cameras have been around for five and half decades. Since traffic
The use of police to monitor intersections poses its own problems. First, there are not enough officers in urban areas to monitor every intersection on a regular basis. Second, if police officers have to remain at problematic intersections to observe traffic, they are not maintaining a patrol presence within their assigned areas. Third, officers are only capable of stopping one vehicle at a time after a violation occurs. These issues spurred the development of the traffic enforcement camera system; also called red light cameras (RLC).
The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the suggestion to deploy a photo-radar unit on one of the two locations nearby the Dawson College. In order to perform this task both scholar literature evidence is addressed and empirical evaluation is conducted. The latter includes the field research which involves gathering various data about the vehicles that travel through the considered locations and statistical analysis of this data in order to determine in which of the two places the photo-radar should be deployed.
The concept of formal surveillance mainly includes the methods used by the police to detect and deter crimes (Michel H. Tonry, 2000 in the handbook of crime & Punishment p.382). However, it can be extended to the use of CCTV camera, police patrols and alarms system (Welsh and Farrington, 2003). For the purpose of this study, focus will be on the use of CCTV cameras.
Surveillance cameras have helped hundreds of law enforcement agencies solve thousands of crimes throughout the nation. They have become so helpful that most law enforcement agencies are planning on setting them up on street corners, buildings, publication parks, and on their own officers. There are many cities across the nation that have began to use surveillance cameras. Setting up cameras is a pivotal technique to solving and preventing crimes. Although, it is often argued that having law enforcement surveillance cameras set up throughout the nations communities is an invasion of privacy, citizens should sacrifice a little bit of privacy in return for their safety and protection of civil rights against criminals and police officers.
Once the camera has read the license plates that are in the proximity of the patrol vehicle, it will then compared the license plate numbers to a database that contains the license plates numbers of vehicles that have been stolen; license plates numbers of vehicles that are associated with people who have active warrants; and license plates numbers of vehicles that are associated with people who have not paid traffic tickets among others (Lum et al., 2011, pg. 322). If the camera reads a license plate number and it matches to one of the license plate numbers that are within the database, it will then send an alert to notify the patrol officer, which will allow the patrol officer to visually identify the vehicle and further investigate the vehicle and the persons that are within the vehicle if any (Lum et al., 2011, pg. 322). The whole process of the camera identification, matching to the database, and notifying the officer only takes seconds (Lum et al., 2011, pg. 322).
...omated detection of lines and points in the images and the use of smart markers in reference video recordings.
CCTV which means closed circuit television, this is a system utilizes cameras to provide security by sending specific signal to destination, were it is used surveillance and observation of a place or people. In this paper I will seek to analyze how CCTV can be used as a comprehensive security solution by show the roles that a CCTV system would have to fulfill before it can be considered or viewed as a comprehensive security solution. These roles include deterrence, detection, delaying, assessment and response I will briefly explain each and give example. I will then move to explain how CCTV aids in the prevention and reduction of crime, by look at a reach and how the effect of CCTV in parking lots and other public places. I will also illustrate how CCTV can assist Law enforcement and other security practitioners in their investigations. Readers will be given short synapse of the different types of cameras and systems that are available, and examples of how they can be used and utilized. Last but not least I shall speak about the down side and concerns that come with having a CCTV system. This will be done by showing how the cost may affect the whole system, as it will take a good some of money to install, maintain and monitor the CCTV systems. Afterwards I will elaborate on one of the public major concern, which is surveillance system being intrusive and impeding on their right to privacy. The last concern that I shall discuss is the threat of hacker to CCTV system.
My interest in satellite surveillance did not really appear to after I saw the movie "Enemy of the State" in 1998. The synopsis of the movie is: Robert Dean (Will Smith) is a labor lawyer who is unknowingly in possession of evidence related to a serious politically motivated crime. Government agents eager to hide their guilt believe that Dean is on to them, and proceed to turn his life upside-down, ruin his reputation, and frame him for various incidents, thanks to the latest in high-tech government surveillance techniques. In an attempt to clear his name and reclaim his life, Dean teams up with the reclusive Brill (Gene Hackman), a former federal employee who has as much high-tech equipment and expertise as the government itself. Smith scores as a man who is desperate to reclaim his identity and prove his innocence. This intense technological thrill-ride from director Tony Scott questions how much access the government should have to the communications of private citizens, and leaves the viewer with the unsettling feeling that Big Brother is definitely watching. After this movie I was amazed that we have the capability in our hands to do this. I have two scenes from the movie that show the technology at work.
Have you ever looked up while in a public place and noticed a camera watching you? While some people may be alarmed, others feel a sense of safety and protection. Electronic surveillance consists of cameras in public places to watch over the city streets or parks. Their purpose is to allow policemen and the state government to know when crime is happening and where in the city. Cameras provide a great advantage of protection over just having police officers patrol the cities. These men and women cannot be everywhere at one time, but the cameras can. Electronic surveillance should be accepted worldwide because it can identify criminals and decrease crime in cities.
People around the world are constantly moving from place to place. Whether that place is work, a restaurant, or home, people require a means of transportation in order to arrive at a desired destination safely and efficiently. One of the most used means of transportation today are cars. Cars play an important role in the world’s economy by transporting goods and people. Automobiles have come a long way since Ford’s first Model T, and the auto industry plans to further enhance the technology and capabilities of the cars that drive on our roads. New technological advancements like rear-view camera, self parking, and auto braking have greatly improved the overall safety of cars today. However, one of the most talked about ideas are autonomous
Since surveillance cameras have been invented for security reasons at shopping malls and stores they have also been place in public areas such as stoplights, parking lots, hallways, bus stops, and more.
Nowadays as the technologies of car are developing faster and faster, this scenario involving of autonomous cars may not be as far as we think. On June 29, 2011 Nevada was a first state of the United States to pass a law permitting the autonomous car to drive in Nevada, and the first license of an autonomous car was issued by the Nevada Department of Moto Vehicles in May 2012. So far the Google Driverless Cars, the most popular autonomous cars in the United States, have been tested by Google Inc. over 300,000 miles on the city streets, mountain roads, and busy highways in many different weather conditions. To the topic of autonomous cars, most of us believe that autonomous cars will bring us huge benefits. However, there is a question of whether it is a good idea to promote autonomous cars in our daily lives. Whereas some argue that promoting autonomous car might cause problems such as the loss of millions ...
“Each light has a different preset wavelength designed to detect hair, fibers, and body fluids at crime scenes, these lights allow a crime scene to be processed faster and more thoroughly than ever before.” This technology is speedy and can help locate the whereabouts of criminals. The use of in-car camera systems has become very popular, especially by law enforcement. These cameras are used to record traffic stops and road violations of civilians. “From the time the first in-car cameras were installed to document roadside impaired-driving sobriety tests, the cameras have captured both intended and unintended video footage that has established their value. Most video recordings have resulted in convictions; many provide an expedited means to resolve citizen complaints, exonerate officers from accusations, and serve as police training videos.” Photo enforcement systems helps to maintain road safety by “automatically generating red light violations and/or speeding summons and as a result to greatly improve safety for the motoring public.” (Schultz,