Intelligent Embedded Systems
Abstract: Embedded Systems are a crucial technology for competitiveness. The vision of pervasive computing is that objects, buildings and environments may be endowed with software intelligence to improve human interactions both with the individual objects and with the system as a whole. Many intelligent embedded systems move rapidly within a physical environment. While the best complete algorithms are doubly exponential, probabilistic algorithms have emerged that have very good practical performance, and probabilistic guarantees of convergence.
Embedded Systems
'Intelligence' takes account of autonomous reasoning and acting in a co-operative manner. 'Ambient Intelligence' refers to an exciting new paradigm in information technology, "in which people are empowered through a digital environment that is aware of their presence and context and is sensitive, adaptive and responsive to their needs, habits, gestures and emotions." This applies not only for people-centred tasks, which, of course, seems the most exciting, science-fiction-type, aspect, but also for purely technical solutions like smart sensors, actuators and control systems, especially in safety related applications.
Heterogeneity (of environment, applications, protocols, etc.), autonomy (self-awareness, self healing, self-organizing, etc.), nomadic mobility (ad hoc, unreliable, heterogeneous, etc.) and scale-less (number of users, geography, structure, etc.) are the new emerging embedded systems challenges.
Used in everything from consumer electronics to industrial equipment, embedded systems —small, specialized computer systems stored on a single microprocessor — are playing a major role in the growth of the Internet and the boom of wireless communication channels.
Due in part to embedded systems, more and more consumer products and industrial equipment are becoming Internet-friendly. For example, DVD players are now dialling in to Internet databases for movie trivia, and GPS (Global Positioning System) mechanisms are often integrated into automobiles. It is all proof that the Internet and wireless technologies are not just for personal computers anymore.
Most embedded systems are small enough to sit on the end of your thumb and are usually hidden within much larger and more complex mobile computing or electronic devices, so they often go unnoticed. But embedded systems actually represent the vast majority of semiconductor sales. According to the World Semiconductor Trade Statistics blue book, there are an estimated 5 billion embedded microprocessors in use today — a whopping 94 percent share of the world market. (By comparison, unit sales of high-profile PC processors, such as the Intel Pentium and Motorola PowerPC, check in at only 6 percent market share.)
Embedded Systems Applications- Peaking into future
Embedded systems can be regarded today as some of the most lively research and industrial targets.
As the technology developing, everything becomes computable. And when people realizing the importance of the Internet of Things, more and more data is collected. Analyzing such amount of data becomes a big challenge for modern people. As a very important component of our life, internet becomes indispensable. Data sharing between multiple users becomes more popular. It seems our life will stop if without the internet. The user devices becomes much lighter, most computing and data storage are separated with remote operations. Distributed system becomes more and more useful for our life.
More than forty years ago, the first personal computer was introduce and fifteen-years later the World Wide Web came to life; nevertheless, two decades and a generation ago life was completely different, especially when it came to technology and the internet. Today it is almost impossible to find a home that does not have some sort of computer and internet access in the United States or around the globe, which, from the vision of the creators, is astounding. That would be because it is. The ability to search anything the heart desires or talk with people on the other side of the world is at the tip of the user’s fingers and a person does not have to be on a bulky PC anymore to do it. In the age of smartphones, tablets, and free Wi-Fi everywhere,
I envision a future where all the physical objects in our living spaces are mapped to the digital world. Technology has advanced to an extent where hardware and software can be embedded into anything. Circuits have become smaller and smaller over the years. Sensors and micro-computers have shrunk in s...
The emerging ubiquitous information society also known as ambient intelligence, ubiquitous networking, or pervasive computing raises content dependent concerns of trust and privacy issues). Ambient intelligence an approach that combines intelligence user interfaces and ubiquitous computing (Brey, 2006). While some call ambient intelligence more human version of ubiquitous computing and maybe the successor an information technology aimed at integrating computation into the environment to computing everywhere embedded in objectives in an unobtrusive and invisible way (Brey, 2006).
To meet and respond to its customers needs, IBM creates, develops and manufactures many of the worlds most advanced technologies, ranging from computer systems and software to networking systems, storage devices and microelectronics. Indeed, IBM has various product lines and services a few of which are: the Personal Computer that was first created in 1981, AS/400 business system, RS/6000 family of workstations and server systems, S/390 enterprise server, groundbreaking ThinkPad notebook computer; the award-winning IBM Netfinity and finally, PC Servers. It is an important supplier of hard disks, random access memories, and liquid crystal monitors.
The new age of the coming decade is becoming dominated by technology. People all around are connected to technology and the internet in some way or another. Computers are no longer restricted to our homes. With laptops that rival the hardware of desktop computers, technology is no longer restricted to our homes. With the emergence of tablets and smartphones, people are able to carry mini-computers in their pockets. Both tablets and smartphones have full, unrestricted access to the internet just like a laptop or a desktop. Technology is even integrated with the places we go. Banks, fast food restaurants, and even libraries and fully integrated with technology. This kind of advancement was complete science fiction a decade ago, and now, it’s
Earlier to the introduction of the Apple "A" series of SoCs, Apple used quite a few SoCs in early analyses of the iPhone and iPod Touch. They were stated by Apple and manufactured by Samsung. They assimilate a single a graphics processing unit (GPU), ARM-based processing core (CPU), and other electronics needed to provide mobile computing tasks within a single physical package.
Moor’s Law: The number of transistors incorporated in a chip will approximately double every 24 months. (Moore, 1965)
The IOT creates an opportunity to measure or monitor a large number of different end systems by collecting and analyzing the data. The perception layer includes a group of Internet-enabled devices that are able to perceive, detect objects, gather information, and exchange information with other devices through the Internet communication networks. Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID), cameras, sensors, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) are some examples of perception layer devices. Forwarding data from the perception layer to the application layer under the constraints of devices’ capabilities, network limitations and the applications’ constraints is the task of the network layer.
ICs have revolutionized the technological world today. Ranging from a common wrist watch to PCs, children electronic toys to robots the use of IC is spread all around. In a nutshell we can say that today every electronic device contains integrated circuits.
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects accessed through the Internet. The Network of interconnected objects harvests information from the environment (sensing) and interacts with the physical world (actuation/command/control), uses existing Internet standards to provide services for information transfer, analytics, applications and communications (Jiong et al. 2012).
With self-driving cars, facial-recognition software, mobile phones that listen to our very command and even robot-butlers, the future is now.
In our society, there has been a revolution which competes that of the industrial revolution. It is called technological revolution. At the top of the technological revolution is what we call, the Internet. In the following report we will be discussing about what the internet is about in general and how it might be in the future, why it is necessary in our everyday lives, and why has it become so important to everyone (i.e. companies, individuals ).
Computers are very complex and have many different uses. This makes for a very complex system of parts that work together to do what the user wants from the computer. The purpose of this paper is to explain a few main components of the computer. The components covered are going to be system units, Motherboards, Central Processing Units, and Memory. Many people are not familiar with these terms and their meaning. These components are commonly mistaken for one and other.
The Internet has revolutionized the computer and communications world like nothing before. The Internet enables communication and transmission of data between computers at different locations. The Internet is a computer application that connects tens of thousands of interconnected computer networks that include 1.7 million host computers around the world. The basis of connecting all these computers together is by the use of ordinary telephone wires. Users are then directly joined to other computer users at there own will for a small connection fee per month. The connection conveniently includes unlimited access to over a million web sites twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week. There are many reasons why the Internet is important these reasons include: The net adapts to damage and error, data travels at 2/3 the speed of light on copper and fiber, the internet provides the same functionality to everyone, the net is the fastest growing technology ever, the net promotes freedom of speech, the net is digital, and can correct errors. Connecting to the Internet cost the taxpayer little or nothing, since each node was independent, and had to handle its own financing and its own technical requirements.