Integrating Supply Chain in GOIL

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Literature review 2.0 Introduction/ definitions Supply chain management is the systematic, strategic coordination of the traditional business functions and the tactics across these business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain, for the purposes of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and the supply chain as a whole (Mentzer et al., 2001). According to the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals (CSCMP), supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, conversion, and logistics management. It also includes the crucial components of coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers, and customers. In essence, supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies. Each supply chain management process has both strategic and operational sub- processes. The strategic sub-processes provide the structure for how the process will be implemented and the operational sub-processes provide the detailed steps for implementation. The strategic process is a necessary step in integrating the firm with other members of the supply chain, and it is at the operational level that the day-to-day activities take place. 2.1.1 Supply chain management flows consist of three main flows which are as follows: • Product flow : This involves the movement of products from a supplier to a customer and also the feedback from the customer. It also involves production, planning, purchasing and inventory management and control. Optimization of Product flow can have the following bene... ... middle of paper ... ...alyst of progress in improved performance 2.3 Order Fulfillment According to Wikipedia.org, the first research towards defining order fulfillment strategies was published by Mather (1988) and his discussion of the P:D ration whereby P is defined as the production had-time, i.e. how long it takes to manufacture a product and D is the demand lead-time i.e. how long customers are willing to wait for the order to be completed. The order fulfillment process plays a crucial role in supply chain management and many consider it to be the most important business process because it is a determinant of how well customers are satisfied and retained. It involves activities which takes place from the time a customer places an order until the order has been delivered in full. This fulfillment process could be used for both inbound (buying) and outbound (selling) fulfillment.

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