Table of Contents
1. Introduction 2
2. Challenges of Internet of Things (IoT) 2
2.1. Scale 2
2.2. Deep Heterogeneity 3
2.3. Unknown Topology 3
2.4. Unknown Data-Point Availability 3
2.5. Incomplete or Inaccurate Metadata 3
2.6. Conflict Resolution 3
2.7. Quality of Service 3
3. A possible solution – Information Driven Architecture (IDRA) 3
3.1. Traditional Network architecture vs IDRA 4
3.1.1. Information driven approach redefines the role of protocols. 5
3.1.2. Decoupling of the protocol logic and packet representation 5
3.1.3. The system stores all packets in a shared queue 5
3.1.4. Dynamic protocol selection 6
3.1.5. Smaller Memory footprint 6
3.1.6. Legacy support 7
3.1.7. Service Virtualization 7
4. References 8
1. Introduction
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects accessed through the Internet. The Network of interconnected objects harvests information from the environment (sensing) and interacts with the physical world (actuation/command/control), uses existing Internet standards to provide services for information transfer, analytics, applications and communications (Jiong et al. 2012).
Analogous to the way humans use the Internet, devices will be the main users in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. Therefore, device-to-device (D2D) communication is expected to be an intrinsic part of the IoT. Devices will communicate with each other autonomously without any centralized control and collaborate to gather, share, and forward information in a multihop manner. (Bello and Zeadally, 2014). The word Smart is used in conjunction with various words such as Living, Cities, Metering, Grids, Water Levy and Lighting to describe a variety of applications t...
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...077922/3726367/IoT+Challenges,%20final+paper,%20April+2013.pdf
/38cc8448-6f8f-4f54-b8fd-3babed877d1a, (2013)
Qiang Duan; Yuhong Yan; Vasilakos, A.V., "A Survey on Service-Oriented Network Virtualization Toward Convergence of Networking and Cloud Computing," Network and Service Management, IEEE Transactions on , vol.9, no.4, pp.373,392, December 2012
doi: 10.1109/TNSM.2012.113012.120310
Stuart Revell, “Machine to Machine Communications (M2M) Challenges and opportunities”,
https://connect.innovateuk.org/documents/3077922/3726367/IoT+Challenges,%20final+paper,%20April+2013.pdf
/38cc8448-6f8f-4f54-b8fd-3babed877d1a, (2013)
De Poorter, E., Troubleyn, E., Moerman, I., & Demeester, P. (2011). IDRA: A flexible system architecture for next generation wireless sensor networks. Wireless Networks, 17(6), 1423-1440. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11276-011-0356-5
The purpose of this lab is to establish a base environment to simulate that of an enterprise. Specifically we will be setting up at minimum four Virtual Machines using RIT’s RLES vCloud resource. Each one of the VMs created will serve a purpose in laying the foundation for future lab work. The first VM will serve as a router, bridging the newly formed virtual LAN to the network connected to the rest of the world. In my case I chose to use PFSense based on its simple configuration. Next I deployed a Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 7 server to act as the base on which my Wiki will run. I then deployed a Windows 7 client to act as remote manager of the other VMs. Lastly, I deployed an Opsview Atom VM to serve as my network’s monitoring solution.
As its core essences cloud computing is nothing but a specialized form of grid computing and distributing computing’s which various in terms of infrastructure , deployment, service and Geographic’s dispersion (Veeramachanenin, Sepetember 2015) the cloud enhance scalability, collaboration, availability , ability to adapt to fluctuation according to demand accelerate development work and provide optional for cost reduction and through efficient and optimized computing. (BH kawljeet, June 2015) cloud computing (CC) recently become as a new paradigm for the delivery and hosting of services our the internet. There are mainly three service delivery model Software as Service (SaaS) required software, operating system and network is provided or we can say in SaaS the customer can access the hosted software instead of installing it in local computer and the user can access these software through local computer internet browser (e.g web enabled E-mail ) the user only pay and the cloud service provider is responsible for management or control of mobile cloud infrastructure some of the company which provide such service are Google, Microsoft , Salesforce ,Facebook, etc…..Infrastructure as Service(IaaS)the cloud provider only provide some hardware resources such as network and virtualization is
As the technology developing, everything becomes computable. And when people realizing the importance of the Internet of Things, more and more data is collected. Analyzing such amount of data becomes a big challenge for modern people. As a very important component of our life, internet becomes indispensable. Data sharing between multiple users becomes more popular. It seems our life will stop if without the internet. The user devices becomes much lighter, most computing and data storage are separated with remote operations. Distributed system becomes more and more useful for our life.
The Internet of things is a trend where everyday objects have network connectivity, allowing them to send and receive data. It depends on a great deal of data to function as devices are being setup to track and collect data. (Mohn, 2016) E.g. smartphones, online banking, home security systems etc. As these are important to us, we can’t over look how crime will play a vital role and affect lots of people due to its popularity and the fact that it will be a part of lives as we grow technologically.
The rapid progress of embedded MEMS (micro-sensing technologies) and wireless communication has made wireless sensor networks possible. Such an environment may have many wireless nodes which are inexpensive; each node is capable of collecting, storing and processing environmental data, and communicating with neighboring nodes. These sensors are connected with wires in the past but tod...
An Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) protocol is the most used interior gateway protocol and computation intensive protocol where energy consumption in Internet Protocol (IP) networks is the main concern. The energy in an IP network can be saved by allowing a subset of IP router interfaces on sleep mode setting during the low traffic hours through the model of “move” by dint of an Energy Aware Routing (EAR) strategy, which is completely compatible with OSPF and is based on the “Shortest Path Tree (SPT) exportation” techinque or “Dijkstra's Algorithm”. In case of heavy traffic hours, the EAR strategy is not usable and may cause denial of service. The strategy implemented can help a network operator to control the network performance and allow a smoothed QoS degradation. This performance evaluation study permits to save about 30% of network links with a insignificant rise of link loads and network path lengths.
Making connection with patients have been a major effort and goal in the healthcare system. Traditionally, comforting hands of nurses were the main way of connecting patients to the system, but technology is going to widen the connection between nurses and patients. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology refers to connecting all objects by using the information sensing devices to the Internet for information and data collection and exchange in order to achieve intelligent identification and management. IoT is a great way to interconnect smart devices and sensors and integrate them with the healthcare system (Hao & Wang, 2015). Its functionality derives from the interactions between three architectural layers: sensors (collecting data), communication
cultivation control and precise irrigation. IOT also brings great convenience to forestry, especially in the forest identification, wood tracking management and so on.
[9] Aun Haider, Richard Potter, Akihiro Nakao- “ Challenges in Resource Allocation in Network Virtualization”- at 20th ITC seminar,18-20, May 2009.
The Internet of Things (IOT) is a system of interconnected computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. The IOT creates an opportunity to measure or monitor a large
Networks: The author mentions three major obstacles. First is wireless network capacity. The ability of wireless networks to transfer higher amounts of data at greater speeds without being prone to noise and multipath interference is a real test [2]. Second is the range of wireless networks. The range is limited and does not span across large areas limiting the use of wireless technology. Third is the integration between wired and wireless technologies. The integration among the two technologies is tough, challenging and needs improvement. Networking is an important challenge to pervasive
The customer is the most important for the marketer in order to sell the products in the market. With SmartThings decision making process is determined by the wants or needs of the customers and also about the behavior and service of marketer. In the issue of SmartThings, marketers try to segment markets in ways that may help them to guide and manage relationships with targeted customers. The target segment reflects the cognitive consumer and also the emotional consumer. SmartThings customers inputs are influenced by the factors of the marketing mix activities. Product and Promotion go hand and hand in the influence of decision making process of SmartThings. SmartThings are trying to have a direct attempt to reach, inform and persuade consumers to buy and use the product. The inputs to the consumers’s decision-making process take the form of specific marking mix strategies that consists of the product itself; mass-media advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, and other efforts. In the target segment it is likely to occur that the consumer is faced with the “problem” of recognizing if it is truly a need. With a product such as SmartThings, consumers are in a dilemma with the actual state of the product and the desired state of the products. For example, if the Hub with SmartThings doesn’t connect correctly with your smart phone that would a problem with the product that fails to perform satisfactorily. In contrast, if the consumer is looking new trendy products may trigger the decision process. SmartThings message is turning your home into a Smart House in other to make a living better. The segment of making individuals who are looking for convenient security for their house and family, the message is focused on the expec...
Cloud Application Architecture does have some resemblance to the SDN, where a centralized intelligent element, often plays the role of analyzing data from across many end nodes and changing the behavior of the end nodes. Distribution of application logic through numerous centralized cloud services enables more automated and intelligent applications. And the timing could not be better. However, as they mature, more and more of these companies to deploy intelligence and automation at your service. This will allow you to use SDN qualities of its architecture to analyze the data of all applications that run these services and then modify the application to improve performance or change the behavior of th...
Further, the technology is short lived and risks of obsolescence would require constant investments. Thus, smart cities are essentially being seen as smart services like smart grids, smart lighting, smart parking, smart buildings etc. and not the improvement of the core physical infrastructure, which enables all those services. The current discourse promotes the idea of smart cities as technocratic fiction for urban management wherein data and software suffice with knowledge, interpretation and thematic experience are superfluous. With India having to house the growing number of rural migrants in urban areas, it will have to ensure that issues such as digital divide and social inequity are addressed.
Outline What is the Internet of Things? What is the World Wide Web and What Makes It Work? What is Netscape and Internet Explorer? Getting Connected to the Internet What is the Internet of Things?