Indo-English poetry began to be written and until rather recently continued to be written under the influence of the English romantic poets such as Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Keats, Byron and even Walter Scott. The poetry of the period is marked by a highly subjective tone and uninhibited expression of personal feeling. Also, nature and its variegated scenes form a background, especially nature in its natural untamed manifestations. Witness for example these lines from Toru Dutt’s (1856-1877) poem “Sindhu”, where she presents a beautiful description of the sunset on an Indian lake: Upon the glassy surface fell The last beams of the day, Like fiery darts, that lengthening swells, As breezes wake and play Osiers and willows and on the edge And purple buds and red, Leant down, - and, mid the pale greens edge The louts raised its head And softly, softly hour by hour Light faded and a veil Fell over tree, wave, and flower On came the twilight pale(Dutt1986:90). These romantic poets value spontaneity in thought and expression. Words and images were chosen to turn the familiar into a thing of beauty and tenderness. This early poetry is generally sentimental and sad. Indo-English poetry was first written by Kashiprasad Ghoshe (1809-1873) in 1830. He in ‘The Shair and other Poems’ shares the influence of Walter Scott while ‘The Captive Ladie’ (1849) by Miachel Madhusudan Dutt (1824-1873) is considered to be a long metrical romance written under the influence of Byron(Dwiedi 1980:10-18). After the passing of the ‘Dutt Era’, Nobo Kissen Gosse (1837-1918) and Manmohan Ghose (1869-1924) continued the twin streams of ballad and lyric poetry.Nobo Kissen showed his craftsmanship in the handling of the ballad measure as in ‘Da... ... middle of paper ... ... P.1984. “Modern Indian English Women Poets: An Overview.” Perspective on Indian Poetry in English, Ed. M. K. Naik. New Delhi: Abhinav Publication. Cuddon, J.A.1979. A Dictionary of Literary Terms, Great Britain: Penguin Books. De Souza, Eunice,1997. ed. Nine Indian Women Poets: An Anthology, New Delhi: Oxford. Dwivedi, A.N.1980. Indian Poetry in English: A Literary History and Anthology, New Delhi: Arnold Heinemann Publication. Friedan, Betty.1971. The Feminine Mystique, Harmaodsworth: Penguin Publication. Krishnaswamy, N., Johan Varghese, and Sunita Mishra.2001. Comparative Literary Theory: A Student’s Companion, New Delhi: Macmillan Publishers. Macnicol, Margaret,1923, ed. Poems by Indian Women, Calcutta: Association Press. Rumens, Carol, 1985,ed. Making For the open: The Chatto Book of Post-Feminist Poetry 1964-84, London: Chatto and Windus Publications.
Everett, Nicholas From The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-century Poetry in English. Ed. Ian Hamiltong. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994. Copyright 1994 by Oxford University Press.
Ellmann, Richard and Robert O’Clair, eds. The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry. 2nd ed. New York: W.W. Norton, 1988.
Armstrong, Isobel. 'A Music of Thine Own': Women's Poetry. in: Joseph Bristow, Victorian Women Poets. Emily Bronte, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Christina Rossetti. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan Press Limited, 1995, 32-63.
Barnstone, Aliki, and Willis Barnstone. A book of women poets. New York: Schocken Books, 1980. Print.
Leonard, K. D. (2009). African American women poets and the power of the word. The Cambridge Companion to African American Women's Literature, 168-187.
Ramazani, Jahan. Richard Ellmann, Robert O’Clair, ed. The Norton Anthology Of Modern And Contemporary Poetry. Vol 1 Modern Poetry. Third Edition. Norton. 2003.
Both Carol Ann Duffy and Phillip Larkin use ambiguity and emotive language in their poetry to express their attitudes towards women. The poets utilize many congruent and contradictory techniques in the way they explore the theme of women which can be showed in Larkin’s Collection ‘’Whitsun wedding (1964)‘’ and Duffy’s collection ‘’Mean Time(1993)’’.The poems I chose from both poet’ collection coevals the theme of women in detail which I analyse in detail.
Brooks, Cleanth. The Well Wrought Urn: Studies of the Structure of Poetry. London: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1947.
The Making of a Poem: A Norton Anthology of Poetic Forms. Ed. M. Strand & E. Boland. New York: Norton 2001
Ramazani, Jahan, Richard Ellmann, and Robert O 'Clair. The Norton Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Poetry. New York: W.W. Norton, 2003. Print.
Poetry like so many other things in life is complicated and easily misunderstood, similar to the poem entitled “Poetry” by Marianne Moore. Through her unique way of writing Moore uses literary devices imagery and personification to make the readers question why it is she has come to “dislike”(line 1) poetry. In particular, her word choice leaves a lot of room to wonder exactly why she has chosen to write it this way. A main theme that is represented in this poem is conformity and whether or not it is something to be followed.
Asani, Ali. “In Praise of Muhammad: Sindhi and Urdu Poems.” Religions of India in Practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995.
Kennedy, X. J., and Dana Gioia, eds. An Introduction to Poetry. 13th ed. New York: Longman, 2010. 21. Print.
‘Collected Poems of Rudyard Kipling’. Kipling born on 30 December 1865 and died 18 January 1936 was a British author and poet. Born in Bombay, in British India he is well known for his works of fiction The Jungle Book (1894) and his poems, including Mandalay (1890), Gunga Din (1890), and If (1910). Kipling came to be recognized by George Orwell as a "prophet of British imperialism."(1) Orwell statement show Kipling as a literature Genious. The poems that will be discussed in this essay are from a Selected Poems by Rudyard Kipling are ‘Mandalay’, ‘This is England’, ‘Gunga Din’ and ‘The White Man’s Bur...
During the 18th and the 19th century there were many talented people that emerged and accomplished various things from composing music to creating beautiful poems that embodied wonderful emotion and passion. This era was mainly known as the romantic era, which was made up of many talented poets such as William Blake, Samuel Taylor, Lord Byron, John Keats and many more. This paper will discuss and analyze the the work of the one and only John Keats.